diff --git a/driver/src/driver.cpp b/driver/src/driver.cpp
index d2c5b607b8..ff70501807 100644
--- a/driver/src/driver.cpp
+++ b/driver/src/driver.cpp
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 
     constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
     constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
-#elif 1
+#elif 0
     // 1x1 filter, 28x28 image
     constexpr index_t N  = 128;
     constexpr index_t C  = 512;
@@ -593,6 +593,197 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[])
     constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
     constexpr index_t X  = 1;
 
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 8x8 image
+    // cuDNN 68%, miopen 34%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 64;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 1536;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 8;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 8;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 256;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 8x8 image
+    // cuDNN 77%, miopen 47%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 2048;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 8;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 8;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 384;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 7x7 image
+    // cuDNN 82%, miopen 54%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 832;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 7;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 7;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 384;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 8x8 image
+    // cuDNN 83%, miopen 58%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 1280;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 8;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 8;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 384;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 14x14 image
+    // cuDNN 62%, miopen 44%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 512;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 14;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 14;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 8x8 image
+    // cuDNN 74%, miopen 52%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 64;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 1536;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 8;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 8;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 384;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 28x28 image
+    // cuDNN 86%, miopen 64%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 256;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 28;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 28;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 7x7 image
+    // cuDNN 71%, miopen 54%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 832;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 7;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 7;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 256;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 3x3 filter, 2x2 stride, 35x35 input, 17x17 output
+    // cuDNN 90%, miopen 73%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 288;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 35;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 35;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 384;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 3;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 3;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<2, 2>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 17x17 input
+    // cuDNN 81%, miopen 66%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 768;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 17;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 17;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 14x14 image
+    // cuDNN 73%, miopen 65%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 528;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 14;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 14;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 256;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 7x7 image
+    // cuDNN 49%, miopen 45%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 832;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 7;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 7;
+    constexpr index_t K = 128 constexpr index_t Y = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X                           = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
     constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
     constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
 #endif
diff --git a/driver/src/driver.cu b/driver/src/driver.cu
deleted file mode 120000
index 1ca4fea9d7..0000000000
--- a/driver/src/driver.cu
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-driver.cpp
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/driver/src/driver.cu b/driver/src/driver.cu
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ff70501807
--- /dev/null
+++ b/driver/src/driver.cu
@@ -0,0 +1,909 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include <numeric>
+#include <initializer_list>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include "config.hpp"
+#include "ConstantTensorDescriptor.hpp"
+#include "device.hpp"
+#include "conv_common.hpp"
+#include "device_convolution_direct_v2_nchw_kcyx_nkhw.hpp"
+#include "device_convolution_implicit_gemm_v1_chwn_cyxk_khwn.hpp"
+#include "device_convolution_implicit_gemm_v1_nchw_cyxk_nkhw.hpp"
+#include "device_convolution_implicit_gemm_v2_chwn_cyxk_khwn.hpp"
+#include "device_convolution_implicit_gemm_v3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw.hpp"
+#include "device_convolution_implicit_gemm_v4_nchw_kcyx_nkhw.hpp"
+
+using namespace ck;
+
+struct GeneratorTensor_1
+{
+    template <class... Is>
+    double operator()(Is... is)
+    {
+        return 1;
+    }
+};
+
+struct GeneratorTensor_2
+{
+    int min_value = 0;
+    int max_value = 1;
+
+    template <class... Is>
+    double operator()(Is...)
+    {
+        return (std::rand() % (max_value - min_value)) + min_value;
+    }
+};
+
+struct GeneratorTensor_3
+{
+    template <class... Is>
+    double operator()(Is... is)
+    {
+        std::array<index_t, sizeof...(Is)> dims = {{static_cast<index_t>(is)...}};
+
+        auto f_acc = [](auto a, auto b) { return 100 * a + b; };
+
+        return std::accumulate(dims.begin(), dims.end(), index_t(0), f_acc);
+    }
+};
+
+struct GeneratorTensor_Checkboard
+{
+    template <class... Ts>
+    double operator()(Ts... Xs) const
+    {
+        std::array<index_t, sizeof...(Ts)> dims = {{Xs...}};
+        return std::accumulate(dims.begin(),
+                               dims.end(),
+                               true,
+                               [](bool init, index_t x) -> int { return init != (x % 2); })
+                   ? 1
+                   : -1;
+    }
+};
+
+// this is ugly, only for 4d
+template <class TConstTensorDesc>
+void ostream_ConstantTensorDescriptor(TConstTensorDesc, std::ostream& os = std::cout)
+{
+    static_assert(TConstTensorDesc::nDim == 4, "nDim is not 4");
+
+    constexpr auto I0   = Number<0>{};
+    constexpr auto I1   = Number<1>{};
+    constexpr auto I2   = Number<2>{};
+    constexpr auto I3   = Number<3>{};
+    constexpr auto desc = TConstTensorDesc{};
+
+    os << "Lengths: {" << desc.GetLength(I0) << ", " << desc.GetLength(I1) << ", "
+       << desc.GetLength(I2) << ", " << desc.GetLength(I3) << "}, "
+       << "Strides: {" << desc.GetStride(I0) << ", " << desc.GetStride(I1) << ", "
+       << desc.GetStride(I2) << ", " << desc.GetStride(I3) << "}" << std::endl;
+}
+
+// this is ugly, only for 4d
+template <class TConstTensorDesc>
+auto make_TensorDescriptor(TConstTensorDesc)
+{
+    static_assert(TConstTensorDesc::nDim == 4, "nDim is not 4");
+
+    constexpr auto I0   = Number<0>{};
+    constexpr auto I1   = Number<1>{};
+    constexpr auto I2   = Number<2>{};
+    constexpr auto I3   = Number<3>{};
+    constexpr auto desc = TConstTensorDesc{};
+
+    std::initializer_list<index_t> lengths = {
+        desc.GetLength(I0), desc.GetLength(I1), desc.GetLength(I2), desc.GetLength(I3)};
+    std::initializer_list<index_t> strides = {
+        desc.GetStride(I0), desc.GetStride(I1), desc.GetStride(I2), desc.GetStride(I3)};
+
+    return TensorDescriptor(lengths, strides);
+}
+
+template <class TIn,
+          class TWei,
+          class TOut,
+          class ConvStrides,
+          class ConvDilations,
+          class LowerPads,
+          class UpperPads>
+void host_direct_convolution(const Tensor<TIn>& in_nchw,
+                             const Tensor<TWei>& wei_kcyx,
+                             Tensor<TOut>& out_nkhw,
+                             ConvStrides,
+                             ConvDilations,
+                             LowerPads,
+                             UpperPads)
+{
+    index_t h_pad_low = LowerPads{}.Get(Number<0>{});
+    index_t w_pad_low = LowerPads{}.Get(Number<1>{});
+
+    index_t h_pad_up = UpperPads{}.Get(Number<0>{});
+    index_t w_pad_up = UpperPads{}.Get(Number<1>{});
+
+    auto f = [&](auto n, auto k, auto ho, auto wo) {
+        double v = 0;
+        for(int c = 0; c < wei_kcyx.mDesc.GetLengths()[1]; ++c)
+        {
+            for(int y = 0; y < wei_kcyx.mDesc.GetLengths()[2]; ++y)
+            {
+                int hi = ho * ConvStrides{}[0] + y * ConvDilations{}[0] - h_pad_low;
+                for(int x = 0; x < wei_kcyx.mDesc.GetLengths()[3]; ++x)
+                {
+                    int wi = wo * ConvStrides{}[1] + x * ConvDilations{}[1] - w_pad_low;
+                    if(hi >= 0 && hi < in_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[2] && wi >= 0 &&
+                       wi < in_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[3])
+                    {
+                        v += double(in_nchw(n, c, hi, wi)) * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, y, x));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        out_nkhw(n, k, ho, wo) = v;
+    };
+
+    auto f_par = make_ParallelTensorFunctor(f,
+                                            out_nkhw.mDesc.GetLengths()[0],
+                                            out_nkhw.mDesc.GetLengths()[1],
+                                            out_nkhw.mDesc.GetLengths()[2],
+                                            out_nkhw.mDesc.GetLengths()[3]);
+
+    f_par(std::thread::hardware_concurrency());
+}
+
+template <class TIn, class TWei, class TOut, class LowerPads, class UpperPads>
+void host_winograd_3x3_convolution(const Tensor<TIn>& in_nchw,
+                                   const Tensor<TWei>& wei_kcyx,
+                                   Tensor<TOut>& out_nkhw,
+                                   LowerPads,
+                                   UpperPads)
+{
+    constexpr std::size_t HoPerTile = 2;
+    constexpr std::size_t WoPerTile = 2;
+
+    std::size_t N  = in_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[0];
+    std::size_t C  = in_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[1];
+    std::size_t HI = in_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[2];
+    std::size_t WI = in_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[3];
+
+    std::size_t K = wei_kcyx.mDesc.GetLengths()[0];
+    std::size_t Y = wei_kcyx.mDesc.GetLengths()[2];
+    std::size_t X = wei_kcyx.mDesc.GetLengths()[3];
+
+    std::size_t HO = out_nkhw.mDesc.GetLengths()[2];
+    std::size_t WO = out_nkhw.mDesc.GetLengths()[3];
+
+    index_t h_pad_low = LowerPads{}.Get(Number<0>{});
+    index_t w_pad_low = LowerPads{}.Get(Number<1>{});
+
+    index_t h_pad_up = UpperPads{}.Get(Number<0>{});
+    index_t w_pad_up = UpperPads{}.Get(Number<1>{});
+
+    std::size_t HiPerTile = HoPerTile + Y - 1;
+    std::size_t WiPerTile = WoPerTile + X - 1;
+
+    std::size_t HTile = (HO + HoPerTile - 1) / HoPerTile;
+    std::size_t WTile = (WO + WoPerTile - 1) / WoPerTile;
+
+    Tensor<double> in_hold({N, C, HTile, WTile, HiPerTile, WiPerTile});
+    Tensor<double> in_transform({N, C, HTile, WTile, HiPerTile, WiPerTile});
+    Tensor<double> wei_transform({K, C, HiPerTile, WiPerTile});
+    Tensor<double> out_transform({N, K, HTile, WTile, HiPerTile, HiPerTile});
+    Tensor<double> out_hold({N, K, HTile, WTile, HoPerTile, WoPerTile});
+
+    auto f_in_hold = [&](auto n, auto c, auto htile, auto wtile) {
+        for(int j = 0; j < HiPerTile; ++j)
+        {
+            int hi = HoPerTile * htile + j - h_pad_low;
+            for(int i = 0; i < WiPerTile; ++i)
+            {
+                int wi = WoPerTile * wtile + i - w_pad_low;
+
+                if(hi >= 0 && hi < in_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[2] && wi >= 0 &&
+                   wi < in_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[3])
+                {
+                    in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, j, i) = in_nchw(n, c, hi, wi);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, j, i) = TIn(0);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    auto f_in_transform = [&](auto n, auto c, auto htile, auto wtile) {
+        in_transform(n, c, htile, wtile, 0, 0) =
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 0, 0) - in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 0, 2) -
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 0) + in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 2);
+        in_transform(n, c, htile, wtile, 0, 1) =
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 0, 1) + in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 0, 2) -
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 1) - in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 2);
+        in_transform(n, c, htile, wtile, 0, 2) =
+            -in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 0, 1) + in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 0, 2) +
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 1) - in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 2);
+        in_transform(n, c, htile, wtile, 0, 3) =
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 0, 1) - in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 0, 3) -
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 1) + in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 3);
+
+        in_transform(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 0) =
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 0) - in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 2) +
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 0) - in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 2);
+        in_transform(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 1) =
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 1) + in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 2) +
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 1) + in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 2);
+        in_transform(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 2) =
+            -in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 1) + in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 2) -
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 1) + in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 2);
+        in_transform(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 3) =
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 1) - in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 3) +
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 1) - in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 3);
+
+        in_transform(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 0) =
+            -in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 0) + in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 2) +
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 0) - in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 2);
+        in_transform(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 1) =
+            -in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 1) - in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 2) +
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 1) + in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 2);
+        in_transform(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 2) =
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 1) - in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 2) -
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 1) + in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 2);
+        in_transform(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 3) =
+            -in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 1) + in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 3) +
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 1) - in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 2, 3);
+
+        in_transform(n, c, htile, wtile, 3, 0) =
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 0) - in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 2) -
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 3, 0) + in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 3, 2);
+        in_transform(n, c, htile, wtile, 3, 1) =
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 1) + in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 2) -
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 3, 1) - in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 3, 2);
+        in_transform(n, c, htile, wtile, 3, 2) =
+            -in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 1) + in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 2) +
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 3, 1) - in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 3, 2);
+        in_transform(n, c, htile, wtile, 3, 3) =
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 1) - in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 1, 3) -
+            in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 3, 1) + in_hold(n, c, htile, wtile, 3, 3);
+    };
+
+    auto f_wei_transform = [&](auto k, auto c) {
+        wei_transform(k, c, 0, 0) = double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 0));
+        wei_transform(k, c, 0, 1) = 0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 0)) +
+                                    0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 1)) +
+                                    0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 2));
+        wei_transform(k, c, 0, 2) = 0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 0)) -
+                                    0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 1)) +
+                                    0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 2));
+        wei_transform(k, c, 0, 3) = double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 2));
+
+        wei_transform(k, c, 1, 0) = 0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 0)) +
+                                    0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 1, 0)) +
+                                    0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 0));
+        wei_transform(k, c, 1, 1) =
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 0)) + 0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 1)) +
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 2)) + 0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 1, 0)) +
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 1, 1)) + 0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 1, 2)) +
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 0)) + 0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 1)) +
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 2));
+        wei_transform(k, c, 1, 2) =
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 0)) - 0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 1)) +
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 2)) + 0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 1, 0)) -
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 1, 1)) + 0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 1, 2)) +
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 0)) - 0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 1)) +
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 2));
+        wei_transform(k, c, 1, 3) = 0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 2)) +
+                                    0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 1, 2)) +
+                                    0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 2));
+
+        wei_transform(k, c, 2, 0) = 0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 0)) -
+                                    0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 1, 0)) +
+                                    0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 0));
+        wei_transform(k, c, 2, 1) =
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 0)) + 0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 1)) +
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 2)) - 0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 1, 0)) -
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 1, 1)) - 0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 1, 2)) +
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 0)) + 0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 1)) +
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 2));
+        wei_transform(k, c, 2, 2) =
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 0)) - 0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 1)) +
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 2)) - 0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 1, 0)) +
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 1, 1)) - 0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 1, 2)) +
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 0)) - 0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 1)) +
+            0.25 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 2));
+        wei_transform(k, c, 2, 3) = 0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 0, 2)) -
+                                    0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 1, 2)) +
+                                    0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 2));
+
+        wei_transform(k, c, 3, 0) = double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 0));
+        wei_transform(k, c, 3, 1) = 0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 0)) +
+                                    0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 1)) +
+                                    0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 2));
+        wei_transform(k, c, 3, 2) = 0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 0)) -
+                                    0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 1)) +
+                                    0.5 * double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 2));
+        wei_transform(k, c, 3, 3) = double(wei_kcyx(k, c, 2, 2));
+    };
+
+    auto f_out_transform = [&](auto n, auto k, auto htile, auto wtile) {
+        for(int j = 0; j < HiPerTile; ++j)
+        {
+            for(int i = 0; i < WiPerTile; ++i)
+            {
+                double v = 0;
+                for(int c = 0; c < C; ++c)
+                {
+                    v += in_transform(n, c, htile, wtile, j, i) * wei_transform(k, c, j, i);
+                }
+
+                out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, j, i) = v;
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    auto f_out_hold = [&](auto n, auto k, auto htile, auto wtile) {
+        out_hold(n, k, htile, wtile, 0, 0) =
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 0, 0) + out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 0, 1) +
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 0, 2) + out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 1, 0) +
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 1, 1) + out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 1, 2) +
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 2, 0) + out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 2, 1) +
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 2, 2);
+        out_hold(n, k, htile, wtile, 0, 1) =
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 0, 1) - out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 0, 2) -
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 0, 3) + out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 1, 1) -
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 1, 2) - out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 1, 3) +
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 2, 1) - out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 2, 2) -
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 2, 3);
+        out_hold(n, k, htile, wtile, 1, 0) =
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 1, 0) + out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 1, 1) +
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 1, 2) - out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 2, 0) -
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 2, 1) - out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 2, 2) -
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 3, 0) - out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 3, 1) -
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 3, 2);
+        out_hold(n, k, htile, wtile, 1, 1) =
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 1, 1) - out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 1, 2) -
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 1, 3) - out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 2, 1) +
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 2, 2) + out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 2, 3) -
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 3, 1) + out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 3, 2) +
+            out_transform(n, k, htile, wtile, 3, 3);
+    };
+
+    auto f_out = [&](auto n, auto k, auto htile, auto wtile) {
+        for(int j = 0; j < HoPerTile; ++j)
+        {
+            std::size_t ho = HoPerTile * htile + j;
+            for(int i = 0; i < WoPerTile; ++i)
+            {
+                std::size_t wo = WoPerTile * wtile + i;
+                out_nkhw(n, k, ho, wo) = out_hold(n, k, htile, wtile, j, i);
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    std::size_t num_thread = std::thread::hardware_concurrency();
+
+    make_ParallelTensorFunctor(f_in_hold, N, C, HTile, WTile)(num_thread);
+    make_ParallelTensorFunctor(f_in_transform, N, C, HTile, WTile)(num_thread);
+    make_ParallelTensorFunctor(f_wei_transform, K, C)(num_thread);
+    make_ParallelTensorFunctor(f_out_transform, N, K, HTile, WTile)(num_thread);
+    make_ParallelTensorFunctor(f_out_hold, N, K, HTile, WTile)(num_thread);
+    make_ParallelTensorFunctor(f_out, N, K, HTile, WTile)(num_thread);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+void check_error(const Tensor<T>& ref, const Tensor<T>& result)
+{
+    float error     = 0;
+    float max_diff  = -1;
+    float ref_value = 0, result_value = 0;
+    for(int i = 0; i < ref.mData.size(); ++i)
+    {
+        error += std::abs(double(ref.mData[i]) - double(result.mData[i]));
+        float diff = std::abs(double(ref.mData[i]) - double(result.mData[i]));
+        if(max_diff < diff)
+        {
+            max_diff     = diff;
+            ref_value    = ref.mData[i];
+            result_value = result.mData[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::cout << "error: " << error << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "max_diff: " << max_diff << ", " << ref_value << ", " << result_value << std::endl;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+#if 0
+    constexpr index_t N  = 8;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 16;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 3;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 18;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 3;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 3;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 0
+    // 3x3, 34x34
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 256;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 34;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 34;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 3;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 3;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<2, 2>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 0
+    // 3x3, 56x56
+    constexpr index_t N  = 64;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 64;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 56;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 56;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 3;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 3;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 0
+    // 3x3 filter, 28x28 image
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 256;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 28;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 28;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 3;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 3;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 0
+    // 1x1 filter, 28x28 image
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 512;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 28;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 28;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 512;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 0
+    // 3x3 filter, 20x84 image, 1x1 padding
+    constexpr index_t N  = 16;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 256;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 20;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 84;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 256;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 3;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 3;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 1;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 1;
+#elif 0
+    // 3x3 filter, 112x112 image, 1x1 padding
+    constexpr index_t N  = 16;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 64;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 112;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 112;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 3;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 3;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 1;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 1;
+#elif 0
+    // 5x5 filter, 20x86 image
+    constexpr index_t N  = 16;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 256;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 20;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 86;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 512;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 5;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 5;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 0
+    // 5x5 filter, 20x86 image, 1x1 padding
+    constexpr index_t N  = 16;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 256;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 20;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 86;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 512;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 5;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 5;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 1;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 1;
+#elif 0
+    // 5x5 filter, 28x28 image, 2x2 padding
+    constexpr index_t N  = 16;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 192;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 28;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 28;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 32;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 5;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 5;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 2;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 2;
+#elif 0
+    // 3x3 filter, 14x14 image
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 256;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 14;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 14;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 3;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 3;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 0
+    // 1x1 filter, 14x14 image
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 512;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 14;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 14;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 512;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 0
+    // 1x1 filter, 7x7 image
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 512;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 7;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 7;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 2048;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 0
+    // 1x1 filter, 73x73 image
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 512;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 73;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 73;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 8x8 image
+    // cuDNN 68%, miopen 34%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 64;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 1536;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 8;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 8;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 256;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 8x8 image
+    // cuDNN 77%, miopen 47%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 2048;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 8;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 8;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 384;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 7x7 image
+    // cuDNN 82%, miopen 54%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 832;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 7;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 7;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 384;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 8x8 image
+    // cuDNN 83%, miopen 58%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 1280;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 8;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 8;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 384;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 14x14 image
+    // cuDNN 62%, miopen 44%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 512;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 14;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 14;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 8x8 image
+    // cuDNN 74%, miopen 52%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 64;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 1536;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 8;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 8;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 384;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 28x28 image
+    // cuDNN 86%, miopen 64%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 256;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 28;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 28;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 7x7 image
+    // cuDNN 71%, miopen 54%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 832;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 7;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 7;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 256;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 3x3 filter, 2x2 stride, 35x35 input, 17x17 output
+    // cuDNN 90%, miopen 73%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 288;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 35;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 35;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 384;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 3;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 3;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<2, 2>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 17x17 input
+    // cuDNN 81%, miopen 66%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 768;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 17;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 17;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 14x14 image
+    // cuDNN 73%, miopen 65%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 528;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 14;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 14;
+    constexpr index_t K  = 256;
+    constexpr index_t Y  = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X  = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#elif 1
+    // 1x1 filter, 7x7 image
+    // cuDNN 49%, miopen 45%
+    constexpr index_t N  = 128;
+    constexpr index_t C  = 832;
+    constexpr index_t HI = 7;
+    constexpr index_t WI = 7;
+    constexpr index_t K = 128 constexpr index_t Y = 1;
+    constexpr index_t X                           = 1;
+
+    using ConvStrides   = Sequence<1, 1>;
+    using ConvDilations = Sequence<1, 1>;
+
+    constexpr index_t HPad = 0;
+    constexpr index_t WPad = 0;
+#endif
+
+    auto lower_pads = Sequence<HPad, WPad>{};
+    auto upper_pads = Sequence<HPad, WPad>{};
+
+    auto in_nchw_desc  = make_ConstantTensorDescriptor_packed(Sequence<N, C, HI, WI>{});
+    auto wei_kcyx_desc = make_ConstantTensorDescriptor_packed(Sequence<K, C, Y, X>{});
+    auto out_nkhw_desc = get_convolution_with_padding_output_default_4d_tensor_descriptor(
+        in_nchw_desc, wei_kcyx_desc, ConvStrides{}, ConvDilations{}, lower_pads, upper_pads);
+
+    ostream_ConstantTensorDescriptor(in_nchw_desc, std::cout << "in_nchw_desc: ");
+    ostream_ConstantTensorDescriptor(wei_kcyx_desc, std::cout << "wei_kcyx_desc: ");
+    ostream_ConstantTensorDescriptor(out_nkhw_desc, std::cout << "out_nkhw_desc: ");
+
+    using in_data_t  = float;
+    using out_data_t = float;
+    Tensor<in_data_t> in_nchw(make_TensorDescriptor(in_nchw_desc));
+    Tensor<in_data_t> wei_kcyx(make_TensorDescriptor(wei_kcyx_desc));
+    Tensor<out_data_t> out_nkhw_host(make_TensorDescriptor(out_nkhw_desc));
+    Tensor<out_data_t> out_nkhw_device(make_TensorDescriptor(out_nkhw_desc));
+
+    std::size_t num_thread = std::thread::hardware_concurrency();
+
+    if(argc != 3)
+    {
+        printf("arg1: do_verification, arg2: nrepeat\n");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    bool do_verification = atoi(argv[1]);
+    index_t nrepeat      = atoi(argv[2]);
+
+    if(do_verification)
+    {
+#if 0
+        in_nchw.GenerateTensorValue(GeneratorTensor_1{}, num_thread);
+        wei_kcyx.GenerateTensorValue(GeneratorTensor_1{}, num_thread);
+#elif 0
+        in_nchw.GenerateTensorValue(GeneratorTensor_1{}, num_thread);
+        wei_kcyx.GenerateTensorValue(GeneratorTensor_2{-5, 5}, num_thread);
+#elif 0
+        in_nchw.GenerateTensorValue(GeneratorTensor_3{}, num_thread);
+        wei_kcyx.GenerateTensorValue(GeneratorTensor_1{}, num_thread);
+#elif 1
+        in_nchw.GenerateTensorValue(GeneratorTensor_2{-5, 5}, num_thread);
+        wei_kcyx.GenerateTensorValue(GeneratorTensor_2{-5, 5}, num_thread);
+#elif 0
+        in_nchw.GenerateTensorValue(GeneratorTensor_2{1, 5}, num_thread);
+
+        auto gen_wei = [](auto... is) {
+            return GeneratorTensor_2{1, 5}(is...) * GeneratorTensor_Checkboard{}(is...);
+        };
+        wei_kcyx.GenerateTensorValue(gen_wei, num_thread);
+#endif
+    }
+
+#if 1
+#if 0
+    device_convolution_direct_v2_nchw_kcyx_nkhw
+#elif 0
+    device_convolution_implicit_gemm_v1_chwn_cyxk_khwn
+#elif 0
+    device_convolution_implicit_gemm_v1_nchw_cyxk_nkhw
+#elif 0
+    device_convolution_implicit_gemm_v2_chwn_cyxk_khwn
+#elif 0
+    device_convolution_implicit_gemm_v3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw
+#elif 1
+    device_convolution_implicit_gemm_v4_nchw_kcyx_nkhw
+#endif
+    (in_nchw_desc,
+     in_nchw,
+     wei_kcyx_desc,
+     wei_kcyx,
+     out_nkhw_desc,
+     out_nkhw_device,
+     ConvStrides{},
+     ConvDilations{},
+     nrepeat);
+
+#elif 0
+    device_implicit_gemm_convolution_1_chwn_cyxk_khwn_padded(in_nchw_desc,
+                                                             in_nchw,
+                                                             wei_kcyx_desc,
+                                                             wei_kcyx,
+                                                             out_nkhw_desc,
+                                                             out_nkhw_device,
+                                                             lower_pads,
+                                                             upper_pads,
+                                                             nrepeat);
+#endif
+
+    if(do_verification)
+    {
+#if 1
+        if(Y == 3 && X == 3 && ConvStrides{}[0] == 1 && ConvStrides{}[1] == 1 &&
+           ConvDilations{}[0] == 1 && ConvDilations{}[1] == 1)
+        {
+            host_winograd_3x3_convolution(in_nchw, wei_kcyx, out_nkhw_host, lower_pads, upper_pads);
+        }
+        else
+#endif
+        {
+            host_direct_convolution(in_nchw,
+                                    wei_kcyx,
+                                    out_nkhw_host,
+                                    ConvStrides{},
+                                    ConvDilations{},
+                                    lower_pads,
+                                    upper_pads);
+        }
+        check_error(out_nkhw_host, out_nkhw_device);
+
+#if 0
+        LogRange(std::cout << "in_nchw : ", in_nchw.mData, ",") << std::endl;
+        LogRange(std::cout << "wei_kcyx: ", wei_kcyx.mData, ",") << std::endl;
+        LogRange(std::cout << "out_nkhw_host  : ", out_nkhw_host.mData, ",") << std::endl;
+        LogRange(std::cout << "out_nkhw_device: ", out_nkhw_device.mData, ",") << std::endl;
+#endif
+    }
+}