diff --git a/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v1r3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw.hpp b/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v1r3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw.hpp
index 3636db9fa6..042cb8f91d 100644
--- a/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v1r3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw.hpp
+++ b/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v1r3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw.hpp
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ struct GridwiseConvolutionImplicitGemm_v1r3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw
                         wo_block_data_begin + wo_thread_data_begin),
                 make_zero_array<index_t, 10>(),
                 out_10d_thread_desc.GetLengths().ReorderGivenNew2Old(map_out_global2thread),
-                arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, 10, 1>::SeqType{},
+                arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, 10, 1>::type{},
                 Number<1>{});
 #endif
         });
diff --git a/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v1r3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw_lds_double_buffer.hpp b/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v1r3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw_lds_double_buffer.hpp
index 5a7267d75c..ff5246435b 100644
--- a/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v1r3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw_lds_double_buffer.hpp
+++ b/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v1r3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw_lds_double_buffer.hpp
@@ -491,7 +491,7 @@ struct GridwiseConvolutionImplicitGemm_v1r3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw_lds_double_buffer
                         wo_block_data_begin + wo_thread_data_begin),
                 make_zero_array<index_t, 10>(),
                 out_10d_thread_desc.GetLengths().ReorderGivenNew2Old(map_out_global2thread),
-                arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, 10, 1>::SeqType{},
+                arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, 10, 1>::type{},
                 Number<1>{});
 #endif
         });
diff --git a/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw.hpp b/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw.hpp
index 70737ebc6c..56b2f5f0b9 100644
--- a/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw.hpp
+++ b/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw.hpp
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ struct GridwiseConvolutionImplicitGemm_v3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw
                 p_out_thread_on_global,
                 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
                 out_n0_n1_n2_k0_k1_k2_h_w_thread_desc.GetLengths(),
-                arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, 8, 1>::SeqType{},
+                arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, 8, 1>::type{},
                 Number<1>{});
         }
     }
diff --git a/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw_lds_double_buffer.hpp b/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw_lds_double_buffer.hpp
index ca8412355e..bb9b6cbd07 100644
--- a/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw_lds_double_buffer.hpp
+++ b/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw_lds_double_buffer.hpp
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ struct GridwiseConvolutionImplicitGemm_v3_nchw_cyxk_nkhw_lds_double_buffer
                 p_out_thread_on_global,
                 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
                 out_n0_n1_n2_k0_k1_k2_h_w_thread_desc.GetLengths(),
-                arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, 8, 1>::SeqType{},
+                arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, 8, 1>::type{},
                 Number<1>{});
         }
     }
diff --git a/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v4_nchw_kcyx_nkhw.hpp b/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v4_nchw_kcyx_nkhw.hpp
index 461db757bd..915193dc40 100644
--- a/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v4_nchw_kcyx_nkhw.hpp
+++ b/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v4_nchw_kcyx_nkhw.hpp
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ struct GridwiseConvolutionImplicitGemm_v4_nchw_kcyx_nkhw
                 p_out_thread_on_global,
                 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
                 out_n0_n1_n2_k0_k1_k2_h_w_thread_desc.GetLengths(),
-                arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, 8, 1>::SeqType{},
+                arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, 8, 1>::type{},
                 Number<1>{});
         }
     }
diff --git a/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v4_nchw_kcyx_nkhw_lds_double_buffer.hpp b/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v4_nchw_kcyx_nkhw_lds_double_buffer.hpp
index 2b41e2640e..73cec0bb10 100644
--- a/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v4_nchw_kcyx_nkhw_lds_double_buffer.hpp
+++ b/composable_kernel/include/kernel_algorithm/gridwise_convolution_implicit_gemm_v4_nchw_kcyx_nkhw_lds_double_buffer.hpp
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ struct GridwiseConvolutionImplicitGemm_v4_nchw_kcyx_nkhw_lds_double_buffer
                 p_out_thread_on_global,
                 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
                 out_n0_n1_n2_k0_k1_k2_h_w_thread_desc.GetLengths(),
-                arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, 8, 1>::SeqType{},
+                arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, 8, 1>::type{},
                 Number<1>{});
         }
     }
diff --git a/composable_kernel/include/tensor_description/ConstantTensorDescriptor.hpp b/composable_kernel/include/tensor_description/ConstantTensorDescriptor.hpp
index a8295d6624..3ed9f3a2b8 100644
--- a/composable_kernel/include/tensor_description/ConstantTensorDescriptor.hpp
+++ b/composable_kernel/include/tensor_description/ConstantTensorDescriptor.hpp
@@ -305,8 +305,9 @@ struct ConstantTensorDescriptor
     {
         using leaf_tensor = ConstantTensorDescriptor<Ts...>;
 
-        return ConstantTensorDescriptor<decltype(GetLengths().Append(leaf_tensor::GetLengths())),
-                                        decltype(GetStrides().Append(leaf_tensor::GetStrides()))>{};
+        return ConstantTensorDescriptor<decltype(GetLengths().PushBack(leaf_tensor::GetLengths())),
+                                        decltype(
+                                            GetStrides().PushBack(leaf_tensor::GetStrides()))>{};
     }
 
     template <index_t IDim, index_t SliceLen>
@@ -347,7 +348,7 @@ struct ConstantTensorDescriptor
 
         // folded lengths
         constexpr auto fold_lengths =
-            Sequence<unfold_length / fold_intervals_product>{}.Append(fold_intervals);
+            Sequence<unfold_length / fold_intervals_product>{}.PushBack(fold_intervals);
 
         // folded strides
         constexpr auto fold_strides =
@@ -356,14 +357,14 @@ struct ConstantTensorDescriptor
                 fold_intervals.PushBack(Number<1>{}), math::multiplies<index_t>{}, Number<1>{});
 
         // left and right
-        constexpr auto left = typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, IDim, 1>::SeqType{};
+        constexpr auto left = typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, IDim, 1>::type{};
         constexpr auto right =
-            typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<IDim + 1, GetNumOfDimension(), 1>::SeqType{};
+            typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<IDim + 1, GetNumOfDimension(), 1>::type{};
 
         constexpr auto new_lengths =
-            GetLengths().Extract(left).Append(fold_lengths).Append(GetLengths().Extract(right));
+            GetLengths().Extract(left).PushBack(fold_lengths).PushBack(GetLengths().Extract(right));
         constexpr auto new_strides =
-            GetStrides().Extract(left).Append(fold_strides).Append(GetStrides().Extract(right));
+            GetStrides().Extract(left).PushBack(fold_strides).PushBack(GetStrides().Extract(right));
 
         return ConstantTensorDescriptor<decltype(new_lengths), decltype(new_strides)>{};
     }
@@ -377,11 +378,11 @@ struct ConstantTensorDescriptor
                       "wrong! should have FirstUnfoldDim <= LastUnfoldDim!");
 
         // left and right
-        constexpr auto left = typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, FirstUnfoldDim, 1>::SeqType{};
+        constexpr auto left = typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, FirstUnfoldDim, 1>::type{};
         constexpr auto middle =
-            typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<FirstUnfoldDim, LastUnfoldDim + 1, 1>::SeqType{};
+            typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<FirstUnfoldDim, LastUnfoldDim + 1, 1>::type{};
         constexpr auto right =
-            typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<LastUnfoldDim + 1, GetNumOfDimension(), 1>::SeqType{};
+            typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<LastUnfoldDim + 1, GetNumOfDimension(), 1>::type{};
 
         // dimensions to be unfolded need to be continuous
         static_assert(Type::Extract(middle).AreDimensionsContinuous(), "wrong! not unfoldable");
@@ -396,12 +397,12 @@ struct ConstantTensorDescriptor
         constexpr auto new_lengths = GetLengths()
                                          .Extract(left)
                                          .PushBack(Number<unfold_length>{})
-                                         .Append(GetLengths().Extract(right));
+                                         .PushBack(GetLengths().Extract(right));
 
         constexpr auto new_strides = GetStrides()
                                          .Extract(left)
                                          .PushBack(Number<unfold_stride>{})
-                                         .Append(GetStrides().Extract(right));
+                                         .PushBack(GetStrides().Extract(right));
 
         return ConstantTensorDescriptor<decltype(new_lengths), decltype(new_strides)>{};
     }
diff --git a/composable_kernel/include/utility/Array.hpp b/composable_kernel/include/utility/Array.hpp
index f33fa516e2..afe5b392f6 100644
--- a/composable_kernel/include/utility/Array.hpp
+++ b/composable_kernel/include/utility/Array.hpp
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ __host__ __device__ constexpr auto sequence2array(Sequence<Is...>)
 template <class TData, index_t NSize>
 __host__ __device__ constexpr auto make_zero_array()
 {
-    constexpr auto zero_sequence = typename uniform_sequence_gen<NSize, 0>::SeqType{};
+    constexpr auto zero_sequence = typename uniform_sequence_gen<NSize, 0>::type{};
     constexpr auto zero_array    = sequence2array(zero_sequence);
     return zero_array;
 }
diff --git a/composable_kernel/include/utility/Sequence.hpp b/composable_kernel/include/utility/Sequence.hpp
index 5c566503a6..cf37b95ec2 100644
--- a/composable_kernel/include/utility/Sequence.hpp
+++ b/composable_kernel/include/utility/Sequence.hpp
@@ -29,12 +29,9 @@ struct Sequence
     }
 
     template <index_t I>
-    __host__ __device__ constexpr index_t operator[](Number<I>) const
+    __host__ __device__ constexpr auto operator[](Number<I>) const
     {
-        static_assert(I < mSize, "wrong! I too large");
-
-        const index_t mData[mSize + 1] = {Is..., 0};
-        return mData[I];
+        return Number<Get(Number<I>{})>{};
     }
 
     // make sure I is constepxr
@@ -69,24 +66,30 @@ struct Sequence
         return mData[mSize - 1];
     }
 
-    template <index_t I>
-    __host__ __device__ static constexpr auto PushFront(Number<I>)
-    {
-        return Sequence<I, Is...>{};
-    }
-
-    template <index_t I>
-    __host__ __device__ static constexpr auto PushBack(Number<I>)
-    {
-        return Sequence<Is..., I>{};
-    }
-
     __host__ __device__ static constexpr auto PopFront();
 
     __host__ __device__ static constexpr auto PopBack();
 
     template <index_t... Xs>
-    __host__ __device__ static constexpr auto Append(Sequence<Xs...>)
+    __host__ __device__ static constexpr auto PushFront(Sequence<Xs...>)
+    {
+        return Sequence<Xs..., Is...>{};
+    }
+
+    template <index_t... Xs>
+    __host__ __device__ static constexpr auto PushFront(Number<Xs>...)
+    {
+        return Sequence<Xs..., Is...>{};
+    }
+
+    template <index_t... Xs>
+    __host__ __device__ static constexpr auto PushBack(Sequence<Xs...>)
+    {
+        return Sequence<Is..., Xs...>{};
+    }
+
+    template <index_t... Xs>
+    __host__ __device__ static constexpr auto PushBack(Number<Xs>...)
     {
         return Sequence<Is..., Xs...>{};
     }
@@ -105,6 +108,12 @@ struct Sequence
 
     template <index_t I, index_t X>
     __host__ __device__ static constexpr auto Modify(Number<I>, Number<X>);
+
+    template <class F>
+    __host__ __device__ static constexpr auto Transform(F f)
+    {
+        return Sequence<f(Is)...>{};
+    }
 };
 
 // merge sequence
@@ -114,7 +123,7 @@ struct sequence_merge;
 template <index_t... Xs, index_t... Ys>
 struct sequence_merge<Sequence<Xs...>, Sequence<Ys...>>
 {
-    using SeqType = Sequence<Xs..., Ys...>;
+    using type = Sequence<Xs..., Ys...>;
 };
 
 // arithmetic sqeuence
@@ -123,40 +132,29 @@ struct arithmetic_sequence_gen_impl
 {
     static constexpr index_t NSizeLeft = NSize / 2;
 
-    using SeqType = typename sequence_merge<
-        typename arithmetic_sequence_gen_impl<IBegin, NSizeLeft, Increment>::SeqType,
+    using type = typename sequence_merge<
+        typename arithmetic_sequence_gen_impl<IBegin, NSizeLeft, Increment>::type,
         typename arithmetic_sequence_gen_impl<IBegin + NSizeLeft * Increment,
                                               NSize - NSizeLeft,
-                                              Increment>::SeqType>::SeqType;
+                                              Increment>::type>::type;
 };
 
 template <index_t IBegin, index_t Increment>
 struct arithmetic_sequence_gen_impl<IBegin, 1, Increment>
 {
-    using SeqType = Sequence<IBegin>;
+    using type = Sequence<IBegin>;
 };
 
 template <index_t IBegin, index_t Increment>
 struct arithmetic_sequence_gen_impl<IBegin, 0, Increment>
 {
-    using SeqType = Sequence<>;
+    using type = Sequence<>;
 };
 
 template <index_t IBegin, index_t IEnd, index_t Increment>
 struct arithmetic_sequence_gen
 {
-    using SeqType =
-        typename arithmetic_sequence_gen_impl<IBegin, IEnd - IBegin, Increment>::SeqType;
-};
-
-// transform sequence
-template <class, class>
-struct sequence_transform;
-
-template <class F, index_t... Is>
-struct sequence_transform<F, Sequence<Is...>>
-{
-    using SeqType = Sequence<F{}(Is)...>;
+    using type = typename arithmetic_sequence_gen_impl<IBegin, IEnd - IBegin, Increment>::type;
 };
 
 // uniform sequence
@@ -168,9 +166,8 @@ struct uniform_sequence_gen
         __host__ __device__ constexpr index_t operator()(index_t) const { return I; }
     };
 
-    using SeqType = typename sequence_transform<
-        return_constant,
-        typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, NSize, 1>::SeqType>::SeqType;
+    using type = decltype(
+        typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, NSize, 1>::type{}.Transform(return_constant{}));
 };
 
 // reverse inclusive scan (with init) sequence
@@ -180,34 +177,23 @@ struct sequence_reverse_inclusive_scan;
 template <index_t I, index_t... Is, class Reduce, index_t Init>
 struct sequence_reverse_inclusive_scan<Sequence<I, Is...>, Reduce, Init>
 {
-    using old_scan =
-        typename sequence_reverse_inclusive_scan<Sequence<Is...>, Reduce, Init>::SeqType;
+    using old_scan = typename sequence_reverse_inclusive_scan<Sequence<Is...>, Reduce, Init>::type;
 
     static constexpr index_t new_reduce = Reduce{}(I, old_scan{}.Front());
 
-    using SeqType = typename sequence_merge<Sequence<new_reduce>, old_scan>::SeqType;
+    using type = typename sequence_merge<Sequence<new_reduce>, old_scan>::type;
 };
 
 template <index_t I, class Reduce, index_t Init>
 struct sequence_reverse_inclusive_scan<Sequence<I>, Reduce, Init>
 {
-    using SeqType = Sequence<Reduce{}(I, Init)>;
+    using type = Sequence<Reduce{}(I, Init)>;
 };
 
 template <class Reduce, index_t Init>
 struct sequence_reverse_inclusive_scan<Sequence<>, Reduce, Init>
 {
-    using SeqType = Sequence<>;
-};
-
-// extract sequence
-template <class, class>
-struct sequence_extract;
-
-template <class Seq, index_t... Is>
-struct sequence_extract<Seq, Sequence<Is...>>
-{
-    using SeqType = Sequence<Seq{}.Get(Number<Is>{})...>;
+    using type = Sequence<>;
 };
 
 // split sequence
@@ -216,11 +202,11 @@ struct sequence_split
 {
     static constexpr index_t NSize = Seq{}.GetSize();
 
-    using range0 = typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, I, 1>::SeqType;
-    using range1 = typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<I, NSize, 1>::SeqType;
+    using range0 = typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, I, 1>::type;
+    using range1 = typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<I, NSize, 1>::type;
 
-    using SeqType0 = typename sequence_extract<Seq, range0>::SeqType;
-    using SeqType1 = typename sequence_extract<Seq, range1>::SeqType;
+    using SeqType0 = decltype(Seq::Extract(range0{}));
+    using SeqType1 = decltype(Seq::Extract(range1{}));
 };
 
 // reverse sequence
@@ -230,31 +216,31 @@ struct sequence_reverse
     static constexpr index_t NSize = Seq{}.GetSize();
 
     using seq_split = sequence_split<Seq, NSize / 2>;
-    using SeqType   = typename sequence_merge<
-        typename sequence_reverse<typename seq_split::SeqType1>::SeqType,
-        typename sequence_reverse<typename seq_split::SeqType0>::SeqType>::SeqType;
+    using type      = typename sequence_merge<
+        typename sequence_reverse<typename seq_split::SeqType1>::type,
+        typename sequence_reverse<typename seq_split::SeqType0>::type>::type;
 };
 
 template <index_t I>
 struct sequence_reverse<Sequence<I>>
 {
-    using SeqType = Sequence<I>;
+    using type = Sequence<I>;
 };
 
 template <index_t I0, index_t I1>
 struct sequence_reverse<Sequence<I0, I1>>
 {
-    using SeqType = Sequence<I1, I0>;
+    using type = Sequence<I1, I0>;
 };
 
 template <class Seq>
 struct is_valid_sequence_map
 {
-    static constexpr bool value = true;
+    static constexpr integral_constant<bool, true> value = integral_constant<bool, true>{};
 
     // TODO: add proper check for is_valid, something like:
     // static constexpr bool value =
-    //     is_same<typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, Seq::GetSize(), 1>::SeqType,
+    //     is_same<typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<0, Seq::GetSize(), 1>::type,
     //             typename sequence_sort<Seq>::SortedSeqType>{};
 };
 
@@ -401,7 +387,7 @@ transform_sequences(F f, Sequence<Xs...>, Sequence<Ys...>, Sequence<Zs...>)
 template <class Seq, class Reduce, index_t Init>
 __host__ __device__ constexpr auto reverse_inclusive_scan_sequence(Seq, Reduce, Number<Init>)
 {
-    return typename sequence_reverse_inclusive_scan<Seq, Reduce, Init>::SeqType{};
+    return typename sequence_reverse_inclusive_scan<Seq, Reduce, Init>::type{};
 }
 
 template <class Seq, class Reduce, index_t Init>
@@ -425,7 +411,7 @@ __host__ __device__ constexpr auto Sequence<Is...>::PopBack()
 template <index_t... Is>
 __host__ __device__ constexpr auto Sequence<Is...>::Reverse()
 {
-    return typename sequence_reverse<Sequence<Is...>>::SeqType{};
+    return typename sequence_reverse<Sequence<Is...>>::type{};
 }
 
 template <index_t... Is>
@@ -438,7 +424,7 @@ __host__ __device__ constexpr auto Sequence<Is...>::Modify(Number<I>, Number<X>)
     constexpr auto seq_left  = typename seq_split::SeqType0{};
     constexpr auto seq_right = typename seq_split::SeqType1{}.PopFront();
 
-    return seq_left.PushBack(Number<X>{}).Append(seq_right);
+    return seq_left.PushBack(Number<X>{}).PushBack(seq_right);
 }
 
 template <index_t... Xs>
diff --git a/composable_kernel/include/utility/functional2.hpp b/composable_kernel/include/utility/functional2.hpp
index 3820056593..c49341b666 100644
--- a/composable_kernel/include/utility/functional2.hpp
+++ b/composable_kernel/include/utility/functional2.hpp
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ struct static_for
         static_assert((NEnd - NBegin) % Increment == 0,
                       "Wrong! should satisfy (NEnd - NBegin) % Increment == 0");
 
-        static_for_impl<typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<NBegin, NEnd, Increment>::SeqType>{}(f);
+        static_for_impl<typename arithmetic_sequence_gen<NBegin, NEnd, Increment>::type>{}(f);
     }
 };
 
diff --git a/composable_kernel/include/utility/utility.hpp b/composable_kernel/include/utility/utility.hpp
index c744e27ddd..f52f163a7d 100644
--- a/composable_kernel/include/utility/utility.hpp
+++ b/composable_kernel/include/utility/utility.hpp
@@ -59,9 +59,9 @@ __host__ __device__ constexpr T integer_divide_ceil(T a, T b)
 }
 
 template <class T>
-__host__ __device__ constexpr T max(T x, T y)
+__host__ __device__ constexpr T max(T x)
 {
-    return x > y ? x : y;
+    return x;
 }
 
 template <class T, class... Ts>
@@ -77,9 +77,9 @@ __host__ __device__ constexpr T max(T x, Ts... xs)
 }
 
 template <class T>
-__host__ __device__ constexpr T min(T x, T y)
+__host__ __device__ constexpr T min(T x)
 {
-    return x < y ? x : y;
+    return x;
 }
 
 template <class T, class... Ts>