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Ding, Yi
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# RMSNorm2D Forward with CK Tile
This example demonstrates 2D Root Mean Square Layer Normalization (RMSNorm) using the CK Tile programming model, a normalization technique widely used in LLMs and transformers.
---
## Algorithm and Math
For each row $x$:
$$
\text{rms}(x) = \sqrt{\frac{1}{N} \sum_{i=1}^N x_i^2 + \epsilon}
$$
$$
y_i = \frac{x_i}{\text{rms}(x)} \cdot \gamma_i
$$
where $\gamma$ is a learnable scale parameter.
- **Tilewise RMSNorm**: Each thread block processes a tile (row or block), computes the mean square, normalizes, and applies scale.
---
## Tile Programming Model
- **Tiles**: Each thread block processes a tile of the input matrix.
- **Pipeline**: Modular, can be extended for fused operations.
---
## Build & Run
```bash
# in the root of ck_tile
mkdir build && cd build
sh ../script/cmake-ck-dev.sh ../ <arch> # you can replace this <arch> to gfx90a, gfx942...
make tile_rmsnorm2d_fwd -j`nproc`
```
This will result in an executable `build/bin/tile_rmsnorm2d_fwd`
### Arguments
```bash
args:
-m m dimension (default:3328)
-n n dimension (default:4096)
-x_stride x row_stride, if -1 then equal to n (default:-1)
-xr_stride x residule row_stride, if -1 then equal to n (default:-1)
-y_stride y row_stride, if -1 then equal to n (default:-1)
-yr_stride y residule row_stride, if -1 then equal to n (default:-1)
-e epsilon (default:1e-5)
-save_rms save rms(invrms) or not. set to 1 in training case (default:0)
-save_unquant save result before quant (default:0)
-v cpu validation or not (default:1)
-kname print kernel name or not (default:1)
-prec_i input precision (default:fp16)
-prec_o output precision, set auto will be the same as input (default:auto)
-prec_sm output quant scale type, set auto will use fp32. used when fquant=1 (default:auto)
-prec_sy output quant scale type, set auto will use fp32. used when fquant=1 or 2 (default:auto)
-fadd fused-add, 0:no fused add, 1:preadd+store, 2:preadd only (default:0)
-fquant fused-quant, 0:no, 1:smooth-dynamic-quant, 2:dynamic-quant (default:0)
-warmup cold iter (default:5)
-repeat hot iter (default:20)
-s sensitive model mode, 0: for no specific model, 1: for T5-like model (default:0)
-json 0: No Json, 1: Dump Results in Json format (default:0)
-jsonfile json file name to dump results (default:rmsnorm2d_fwd.json)
```
---
## Source Structure
- **Kernel**: [`rmsnorm2d_fwd.hpp`](rmsnorm2d_fwd.hpp) (tile-programming kernel template)
- **Executable**: [`rmsnorm2d_fwd.cpp`](rmsnorm2d_fwd.cpp) (argument parsing, kernel launch)
- **Build**: `CMakeLists.txt`, `generate.py`, `script/`
---
## Related CK Tile Examples
- [02_layernorm2d](../02_layernorm2d/README.md): LayerNorm2D with tiles
- [12_smoothquant](../12_smoothquant/README.md): SmoothQuant with tiles
- [05_reduce](../05_reduce/README.md): Reductions with tiles
For distribution, see [`include/ck_tile/tile_program/tile_distribution/`](../../../include/ck_tile/tile_program/tile_distribution/).
---
[Back to CK Tile Examples](../README.md)