composable_kernel/client_example/18_groupnorm

Client Example: Group Normalization (Forward and Backward)

Theory

This client example demonstrates group normalization in both forward and backward modes, including fusion with Swish activation. Group normalization normalizes activations across groups of channels, improving training stability for small batch sizes or non-i.i.d. data.

Mathematical Formulation: Given input X[N, C, ...] divided into G groups:

• For each group g:
  • Mean: \mu_g = \frac{1}{|g|} \sum_{i \in g} X_i
  • Variance: \sigma^2_g = \frac{1}{|g|} \sum_{i \in g} (X_i - \mu_g)^2
  • Normalized: \hat{X}_i = \frac{X_i - \mu_g}{\sqrt{\sigma^2_g + \epsilon}}
  • Output: Y_i = \gamma \hat{X}_i + \beta

\gamma, \beta are learnable scale and shift parameters.

• Swish activation: \text{Swish}(x) = x \cdot \sigma(x), where \sigma is the sigmoid function.

Algorithmic Background:

• Forward pass computes mean, variance, normalization, and affine transformation per group.
• Backward pass computes gradients with respect to input, gamma, and beta.
• Swish activation can be fused with normalization for efficiency.

How to Run

Prerequisites

Please follow the instructions in the main Build Guide section as a prerequisite to building and running this example.

Build and run

cd composable_kernel/client_example/18_groupnorm
mkdir build && cd build
cmake -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=/opt/rocm/bin/hipcc ..
make -j

# Example run (forward with Swish)
./groupnorm_swish_fwd

# Example run (backward, data)
./groupnorm_bwd_data

# Example run (backward, gamma/beta)
./groupnorm_bwd_gamma_beta

Source Code Structure

Directory Layout

client_example/18_groupnorm/
├── groupnorm_swish_fwd.cpp         # Groupnorm forward with Swish activation
├── groupnorm_bwd_data.cpp          # Groupnorm backward (data)
├── groupnorm_bwd_gamma_beta.cpp    # Groupnorm backward (gamma/beta)
├── CMakeLists.txt                  # Build configuration for the example

Key Functions

• main() (in each .cpp):
  Sets up input tensors, configures groupnorm parameters, launches the forward or backward kernel, and verifies the result.
• GroupNorm kernel invocation:
  Uses the Composable Kernel device API to launch group normalization for different modes.

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Additional Details

• Supports fusion with Swish activation for efficiency.
• Example parameters can be adjusted in the source for different workloads.

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Related Examples

• 42_groupnorm_fwd: Group normalization in the main example directory
• 54_groupnorm_bwd: Group normalization backward in the main example directory

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