feat: add special runtime error messaging

src/components/rightSidePanel/errors/TabErrors.test.ts

@@ -167,7 +167,10 @@ describe('TabErrors.vue', () => {
 
     expect(screen.getAllByText('KSampler').length).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(1)
     expect(screen.getByText('#10')).toBeInTheDocument()
-    expect(screen.getByText('RuntimeError: Out of memory')).toBeInTheDocument()
+    expect(screen.getByText('Execution failed')).toBeInTheDocument()
+    expect(
+      screen.getByText('Node threw an error during execution.')
+    ).toBeInTheDocument()
     expect(screen.getByText(/Line 1/)).toBeInTheDocument()
   })
 
@@ -246,9 +249,9 @@ describe('TabErrors.vue', () => {
     })
 
     expect(screen.getAllByText('KSampler').length).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(1)
-    expect(screen.getByText('RuntimeError: Out of memory')).toBeInTheDocument()
+    expect(screen.getByText('Execution failed')).toBeInTheDocument()
     expect(screen.getByTestId('runtime-error-panel')).toBeInTheDocument()
-    expect(screen.getAllByText('RuntimeError: Out of memory')).toHaveLength(1)
+    expect(screen.getAllByText('Execution failed')).toHaveLength(1)
   })
 
   it('shows missing model Refresh in the section header when no model is downloadable', async () => {

src/components/rightSidePanel/errors/useErrorGroups.test.ts

@@ -46,7 +46,23 @@ vi.mock('@/i18n', () => {
     'errorCatalog.promptErrors.prompt_no_outputs.title':
       'Prompt has no outputs',
     'errorCatalog.promptErrors.prompt_no_outputs.desc':
-      'The workflow does not contain any output nodes (e.g. Save Image, Preview Image) to produce a result.'
+      'The workflow does not contain any output nodes (e.g. Save Image, Preview Image) to produce a result.',
+    'errorCatalog.runtimeErrors.noCreditsCharged': 'No credits charged.',
+    'errorCatalog.runtimeErrors.execution_failed.title': 'Execution failed',
+    'errorCatalog.runtimeErrors.execution_failed.message':
+      'Node threw an error during execution.',
+    'errorCatalog.runtimeErrors.execution_failed.itemLabel': '{nodeName}',
+    'errorCatalog.runtimeErrors.execution_failed.toastTitle':
+      '{nodeName} failed',
+    'errorCatalog.runtimeErrors.execution_failed.toastMessage':
+      'This node threw an error during execution. Check its inputs or try a different configuration.',
+    'errorCatalog.runtimeErrors.out_of_memory.title': 'Generation failed',
+    'errorCatalog.runtimeErrors.out_of_memory.message':
+      'Not enough GPU memory. Try reducing image resolution or batch size and run again.',
+    'errorCatalog.runtimeErrors.out_of_memory.itemLabel': '{nodeName}',
+    'errorCatalog.runtimeErrors.out_of_memory.toastTitle': 'Generation failed',
+    'errorCatalog.runtimeErrors.out_of_memory.toastMessage':
+      'Not enough GPU memory. Try reducing image resolution or batch size and run again.'
   }
 
   const interpolate = (
@@ -158,6 +174,7 @@ function createErrorGroups() {
 describe('useErrorGroups', () => {
   beforeEach(() => {
     setActivePinia(createPinia())
+    mockIsCloud.value = false
   })
 
   describe('missingPackGroups', () => {
@@ -421,7 +438,8 @@ describe('useErrorGroups', () => {
       )
     })
 
-    it('includes execution error from runtime errors', async () => {
+    it('uses credit-note general display fields for unknown runtime execution errors', async () => {
+      mockIsCloud.value = true
       const { store, groups } = createErrorGroups()
       store.lastExecutionError = {
         prompt_id: 'test-prompt',
@@ -430,7 +448,7 @@ describe('useErrorGroups', () => {
         node_type: 'KSampler',
         executed: [],
         exception_type: 'RuntimeError',
-        exception_message: 'CUDA out of memory',
+        exception_message: 'mat1 and mat2 shapes cannot be multiplied',
         traceback: ['line 1', 'line 2'],
         current_inputs: {},
         current_outputs: {}
@@ -443,15 +461,53 @@ describe('useErrorGroups', () => {
       expect(execGroups.length).toBeGreaterThan(0)
       if (execGroups[0].type !== 'execution') return
       expect(execGroups[0].cards[0].errors[0]).toMatchObject({
-        message: 'RuntimeError: CUDA out of memory',
+        message: 'RuntimeError: mat1 and mat2 shapes cannot be multiplied',
         details: 'line 1\nline 2',
         isRuntimeError: true,
-        exceptionType: 'RuntimeError'
+        exceptionType: 'RuntimeError',
+        catalogId: 'execution_failed',
+        displayTitle: 'Execution failed',
+        displayMessage:
+          'Node threw an error during execution. No credits charged.',
+        displayItemLabel: 'KSampler',
+        toastTitle: 'KSampler failed',
+        toastMessage:
+          'This node threw an error during execution. Check its inputs or try a different configuration. No credits charged.'
       })
-      // TODO(FE-816 overlay-redesign): Runtime execution errors intentionally
-      // bypass catalog display fields until targeted runtime handling lands.
-      expect(execGroups[0].cards[0].errors[0].displayItemLabel).toBeUndefined()
-      expect(execGroups[0].cards[0].errors[0].toastTitle).toBeUndefined()
+    })
+
+    it('adds display fields for targeted runtime execution errors', async () => {
+      mockIsCloud.value = true
+      const { store, groups } = createErrorGroups()
+      store.lastExecutionError = {
+        prompt_id: 'test-prompt',
+        timestamp: Date.now(),
+        node_id: 5,
+        node_type: 'KSampler',
+        executed: [],
+        exception_type: 'torch.OutOfMemoryError',
+        exception_message:
+          'Allocation on device 0 failed.\nThis error means you ran out of memory on your GPU.',
+        traceback: ['line 1', 'line 2'],
+        current_inputs: {},
+        current_outputs: {}
+      }
+      await nextTick()
+
+      const execGroup = groups.allErrorGroups.value.find(
+        (g) => g.type === 'execution'
+      )
+      expect(execGroup?.type).toBe('execution')
+      if (execGroup?.type !== 'execution') return
+
+      const error = execGroup.cards[0].errors[0]
+      expect(error.message).toContain('torch.OutOfMemoryError:')
+      expect(error.catalogId).toBe('out_of_memory')
+      expect(error.displayMessage).toBe(
+        'Not enough GPU memory. Try reducing image resolution or batch size and run again. No credits charged.'
+      )
+      expect(error.displayItemLabel).toBe('KSampler')
+      expect(error.toastTitle).toBe('Generation failed')
     })
 
     it('includes prompt error when present', async () => {

src/components/rightSidePanel/errors/useErrorGroups.ts

@@ -427,7 +427,14 @@ export function useErrorGroups(searchQuery: MaybeRefOrGetter<string>) {
           message: `${e.exception_type}: ${e.exception_message}`,
           details: e.traceback.join('\n'),
           isRuntimeError: true,
-          exceptionType: e.exception_type
+          exceptionType: e.exception_type,
+          ...resolveRunErrorMessage({
+            kind: 'execution',
+            error: e,
+            nodeDisplayName:
+              resolveNodeInfo(String(e.node_id)).title || e.node_type,
+            isCloud
+          })
         }
       ],
       filterBySelection

src/locales/en/main.json

@@ -3774,6 +3774,192 @@
         "toastMessage": "The image for {nodeName} couldn't be loaded. Try adding it again."
       }
     },
+    "runtimeErrors": {
+      "noCreditsCharged": "No credits charged.",
+      "execution_failed": {
+        "title": "Execution failed",
+        "message": "Node threw an error during execution.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "{nodeName} failed",
+        "toastMessage": "This node threw an error during execution. Check its inputs or try a different configuration."
+      },
+      "image_not_loaded": {
+        "title": "Image not loaded",
+        "message": "The system couldn't load this image.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Input image couldn't be loaded",
+        "toastMessage": "The image for {nodeName} couldn't be loaded. Try adding it again."
+      },
+      "out_of_memory": {
+        "title": "Generation failed",
+        "message": "Not enough GPU memory. Try reducing image resolution or batch size and run again.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Generation failed",
+        "toastMessage": "Not enough GPU memory. Try reducing image resolution or batch size and run again."
+      },
+      "content_blocked": {
+        "title": "Content blocked",
+        "message": "This request was blocked by the content moderation system. Try changing the prompt or inputs.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Content blocked",
+        "toastMessage": "This request was blocked by the content moderation system. Try changing the prompt or inputs."
+      },
+      "access_required": {
+        "title": "Access required",
+        "message": "This run requires access that is not available for the current account.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Access required",
+        "toastMessage": "This run requires access that is not available for the current account."
+      },
+      "model_access_error": {
+        "title": "Model access required",
+        "message": "One or more required models could not be accessed.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Model access required",
+        "toastMessage": "One or more required models could not be accessed."
+      },
+      "invalid_clip_input": {
+        "title": "Invalid CLIP input",
+        "message": "The CLIP input is missing or invalid. Check the connected checkpoint or CLIP loader.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Invalid CLIP input",
+        "toastMessage": "{nodeName} has a missing or invalid CLIP input."
+      },
+      "invalid_prompt": {
+        "title": "Prompt is empty",
+        "message": "Enter a prompt before running this workflow.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Prompt is empty",
+        "toastMessage": "Enter a prompt before running this workflow."
+      },
+      "invalid_workflow_request": {
+        "title": "Invalid workflow request",
+        "message": "The workflow request is invalid. Check the workflow and try again.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Invalid workflow request",
+        "toastMessage": "The workflow request is invalid. Check the workflow and try again."
+      },
+      "insufficient_credits": {
+        "title": "Insufficient credits",
+        "message": "Add credits to your account to use this node.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Insufficient credits",
+        "toastMessage": "Add credits to your account to use this node."
+      },
+      "workspace_insufficient_credits": {
+        "title": "Insufficient credits",
+        "message": "Add credits to your workspace to continue.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Insufficient credits",
+        "toastMessage": "Add credits to your workspace to continue."
+      },
+      "subscription_required": {
+        "title": "Subscription required",
+        "message": "Subscribe to a plan to continue running this workflow.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Subscription required",
+        "toastMessage": "Subscribe to a plan to continue running this workflow."
+      },
+      "subscription_upgrade_required": {
+        "title": "Subscription upgrade required",
+        "message": "Upgrade your subscription to use the private models in this workflow.",
+        "details": "Private models require a subscription upgrade: {modelNames}",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Subscription upgrade required",
+        "toastMessage": "Upgrade your subscription to use these private models: {modelNames}."
+      },
+      "model_download_failed": {
+        "title": "Model download failed",
+        "message": "A model could not be downloaded. Try again.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Model download failed",
+        "toastMessage": "A model could not be downloaded. Try again."
+      },
+      "unexpected_service_error": {
+        "title": "Service error",
+        "message": "The service encountered an unexpected error. Try again.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Service error",
+        "toastMessage": "The service encountered an unexpected error. Try again."
+      },
+      "request_failed": {
+        "title": "Request failed",
+        "message": "The request failed before the run could complete. Try again.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Request failed",
+        "toastMessage": "The request failed before the run could complete. Try again."
+      },
+      "run_start_failed": {
+        "title": "Run could not start",
+        "message": "The run could not be started. Try again.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Run could not start",
+        "toastMessage": "The run could not be started. Try again."
+      },
+      "run_ended_unexpectedly": {
+        "title": "Run ended unexpectedly",
+        "message": "The run ended unexpectedly. Try again.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Run ended unexpectedly",
+        "toastMessage": "The run ended unexpectedly. Try again."
+      },
+      "sign_in_required": {
+        "title": "Sign in required",
+        "message": "Partner nodes require a Comfy account. Sign in to continue.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Sign in to use this node",
+        "toastMessage": "Partner nodes require a Comfy account. Sign in to continue."
+      },
+      "rate_limited": {
+        "title": "Servers are busy",
+        "message": "High demand right now. Try again in a moment.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Servers are busy",
+        "toastMessage": "High demand right now. Try again in a moment."
+      },
+      "timeout": {
+        "title": "Generation timed out",
+        "message": "This workflow reached the maximum run time. Try reducing image resolution, batch size, or workflow length and run again.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Generation timed out",
+        "toastMessage": "This workflow reached the maximum run time. Try reducing image resolution, batch size, or workflow length and run again."
+      },
+      "generation_stalled": {
+        "title": "Generation stalled",
+        "message": "This workflow stopped making progress. Try running it again.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Generation stalled",
+        "toastMessage": "This workflow stopped making progress. Try running it again."
+      },
+      "preprocessing_failed": {
+        "title": "Preparation failed",
+        "message": "The workflow could not be prepared. Try running it again.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Preparation failed",
+        "toastMessage": "The workflow could not be prepared. Try running it again."
+      },
+      "preprocessing_timeout": {
+        "title": "Preparation timed out",
+        "message": "The workflow took too long to prepare. Try running it again.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Preparation timed out",
+        "toastMessage": "The workflow took too long to prepare. Try running it again."
+      },
+      "server_crashed": {
+        "title": "Server crashed",
+        "message": "The server stopped while running this workflow. Try again.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Server crashed",
+        "toastMessage": "The server stopped while running this workflow. Try again."
+      },
+      "server_busy": {
+        "title": "Servers are busy",
+        "message": "The servers are busy right now. Try again in a moment.",
+        "itemLabel": "{nodeName}",
+        "toastTitle": "Servers are busy",
+        "toastMessage": "The servers are busy right now. Try again in a moment."
+      }
+    },
     "promptErrors": {
       "prompt_no_outputs": {
         "title": "Prompt has no outputs",
@@ -3798,15 +3984,6 @@
       "prompt_outputs_failed_validation": {
         "title": "Prompt validation failed",
         "desc": "The workflow has invalid node inputs. Fix the highlighted nodes before running it again."
-      },
-      "image_not_loaded": {
-        "title": "Image not loaded",
-        "desc": "The system couldn't load this image."
-      },
-      "out_of_memory": {
-        "title": "Generation failed",
-        "descLocal": "Not enough GPU memory. Try reducing complexity and run again.",
-        "descCloud": "Not enough GPU memory. Try reducing complexity and run again. No credits charged."
       }
     }
   },

src/platform/errorCatalog/catalogI18n.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { t, te } from '@/i18n'
+
+// Shared i18n helpers for error catalog resolvers. These preserve the raw API
+// message/details as fallbacks when a catalog key is not available. Keep this
+// module folder-internal so UI code only consumes resolved display fields.
+export interface ErrorResolveContext {
+  isCloud?: boolean
+  nodeDisplayName?: string
+}
+
+export type CatalogParams = Record<string, string | number>
+
+export function translateCatalogMessage(
+  key: string,
+  fallback: string,
+  params?: CatalogParams
+): string {
+  if (te(key)) return params ? t(key, params) : t(key)
+  if (!params) return fallback
+
+  return fallback.replace(/\{(\w+)\}/g, (match, paramName) =>
+    params[paramName] === undefined ? match : String(params[paramName])
+  )
+}
+
+export function translateOptionalCatalogMessage(
+  key: string,
+  fallback?: string,
+  params?: CatalogParams
+): string | undefined {
+  if (te(key)) return params ? t(key, params) : t(key)
+  return fallback?.trim() ? fallback : undefined
+}
+
+export function normalizeNodeName(nodeDisplayName: string | undefined): string {
+  return (
+    nodeDisplayName?.trim() ||
+    translateCatalogMessage('errorCatalog.fallbacks.nodeName', 'This node')
+  )
+}

src/platform/errorCatalog/catalogIds.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// FE-resolved catalog IDs that either normalize multiple sources or do not map
+// 1:1 to an API error type. Simple validation mappings stay with the validation
+// resolver.
+export const MISSING_CONNECTION_CATALOG_ID = 'missing_connection'
+export const EXECUTION_FAILED_CATALOG_ID = 'execution_failed'
+export const IMAGE_NOT_LOADED_CATALOG_ID = 'image_not_loaded'
+export const OUT_OF_MEMORY_CATALOG_ID = 'out_of_memory'
+export const CONTENT_BLOCKED_CATALOG_ID = 'content_blocked'
+export const ACCESS_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID = 'access_required'
+export const MODEL_ACCESS_ERROR_CATALOG_ID = 'model_access_error'
+export const INVALID_CLIP_INPUT_CATALOG_ID = 'invalid_clip_input'
+export const INVALID_PROMPT_CATALOG_ID = 'invalid_prompt'
+export const INVALID_WORKFLOW_REQUEST_CATALOG_ID = 'invalid_workflow_request'
+export const INSUFFICIENT_CREDITS_CATALOG_ID = 'insufficient_credits'
+export const WORKSPACE_INSUFFICIENT_CREDITS_CATALOG_ID =
+  'workspace_insufficient_credits'
+export const SUBSCRIPTION_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID = 'subscription_required'
+export const SUBSCRIPTION_UPGRADE_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID =
+  'subscription_upgrade_required'
+export const MODEL_DOWNLOAD_FAILED_CATALOG_ID = 'model_download_failed'
+export const UNEXPECTED_SERVICE_ERROR_CATALOG_ID = 'unexpected_service_error'
+export const REQUEST_FAILED_CATALOG_ID = 'request_failed'
+export const RUN_START_FAILED_CATALOG_ID = 'run_start_failed'
+export const RUN_ENDED_UNEXPECTEDLY_CATALOG_ID = 'run_ended_unexpectedly'
+export const SIGN_IN_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID = 'sign_in_required'
+export const RATE_LIMITED_CATALOG_ID = 'rate_limited'
+export const TIMEOUT_CATALOG_ID = 'timeout'
+export const GENERATION_STALLED_CATALOG_ID = 'generation_stalled'
+export const PREPROCESSING_FAILED_CATALOG_ID = 'preprocessing_failed'
+export const PREPROCESSING_TIMEOUT_CATALOG_ID = 'preprocessing_timeout'
+export const SERVER_CRASHED_CATALOG_ID = 'server_crashed'
+export const SERVER_BUSY_CATALOG_ID = 'server_busy'

src/platform/errorCatalog/errorMessageResolver.test.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import {
   resolveRunErrorMessage
 } from './errorMessageResolver'
 import type { NodeValidationError } from './types'
+import type { ExecutionErrorWsMessage } from '@/schemas/apiSchema'
 import { i18n } from '@/i18n'
 
 function nodeValidationError(
@@ -36,6 +37,24 @@ function requiredInputMissing(inputName?: string): NodeValidationError {
   }
 }
 
+function executionError(
+  exceptionType: string,
+  exceptionMessage: string
+): ExecutionErrorWsMessage {
+  return {
+    prompt_id: 'prompt-1',
+    timestamp: Date.now(),
+    node_id: '1',
+    node_type: 'KSampler',
+    executed: [],
+    exception_type: exceptionType,
+    exception_message: exceptionMessage,
+    traceback: [],
+    current_inputs: {},
+    current_outputs: {}
+  }
+}
+
 describe('errorMessageResolver', () => {
   it('resolves required_input_missing to missing connection display copy', () => {
     const result = resolveRunErrorMessage({
@@ -533,7 +552,8 @@ describe('errorMessageResolver', () => {
       catalogId: 'out_of_memory',
       displayTitle: 'Generation failed',
       displayMessage:
-        'Not enough GPU memory. Try reducing complexity and run again. No credits charged.'
+        'Not enough GPU memory. Try reducing image resolution or batch size and run again. No credits charged.',
+      displayDetails: 'Workflow execution failed'
     })
 
     expect(
@@ -550,7 +570,8 @@ describe('errorMessageResolver', () => {
       catalogId: 'out_of_memory',
       displayTitle: 'Generation failed',
       displayMessage:
-        'Not enough GPU memory. Try reducing complexity and run again.'
+        'Not enough GPU memory. Try reducing image resolution or batch size and run again.',
+      displayDetails: 'Workflow execution failed'
     })
 
     expect(
@@ -566,7 +587,9 @@ describe('errorMessageResolver', () => {
     ).toEqual({
       catalogId: 'image_not_loaded',
       displayTitle: 'Image not loaded',
-      displayMessage: "The system couldn't load this image."
+      displayMessage:
+        "The system couldn't load this image. No credits charged.",
+      displayDetails: 'Failed to validate images'
     })
 
     expect(
@@ -586,6 +609,733 @@ describe('errorMessageResolver', () => {
     })
   })
 
+  it('resolves targeted runtime execution errors', () => {
+    expect(
+      resolveRunErrorMessage({
+        kind: 'execution',
+        isCloud: true,
+        nodeDisplayName: 'KSampler',
+        error: executionError(
+          'torch.OutOfMemoryError',
+          'Allocation on device 0 failed.\nThis error means you ran out of memory on your GPU.'
+        )
+      })
+    ).toEqual({
+      catalogId: 'out_of_memory',
+      displayTitle: 'Generation failed',
+      displayMessage:
+        'Not enough GPU memory. Try reducing image resolution or batch size and run again. No credits charged.',
+      displayDetails:
+        'Allocation on device 0 failed.\nThis error means you ran out of memory on your GPU.',
+      displayItemLabel: 'KSampler',
+      toastTitle: 'Generation failed',
+      toastMessage:
+        'Not enough GPU memory. Try reducing image resolution or batch size and run again. No credits charged.'
+    })
+
+    expect(
+      resolveRunErrorMessage({
+        kind: 'execution',
+        isCloud: true,
+        nodeDisplayName: 'Load Image',
+        error: executionError('ImageDownloadError', 'Failed to validate images')
+      })
+    ).toMatchObject({
+      catalogId: 'image_not_loaded',
+      displayTitle: 'Image not loaded',
+      displayMessage:
+        "The system couldn't load this image. No credits charged.",
+      displayItemLabel: 'Load Image',
+      toastTitle: "Input image couldn't be loaded",
+      toastMessage:
+        "The image for Load Image couldn't be loaded. Try adding it again. No credits charged."
+    })
+
+    expect(
+      resolveRunErrorMessage({
+        kind: 'execution',
+        isCloud: true,
+        nodeDisplayName: 'Load Image',
+        error: executionError(
+          'IsADirectoryError',
+          "[Errno 21] Is a directory: '/app/comfyui/input'"
+        )
+      })
+    ).toMatchObject({
+      catalogId: 'image_not_loaded',
+      displayTitle: 'Image not loaded',
+      displayMessage:
+        "The system couldn't load this image. No credits charged.",
+      displayItemLabel: 'Load Image'
+    })
+
+    expect(
+      resolveRunErrorMessage({
+        kind: 'execution',
+        isCloud: true,
+        nodeDisplayName: 'File Reader',
+        error: executionError(
+          'RuntimeError',
+          "[Errno 21] Is a directory: '/tmp/not-an-input-image'"
+        )
+      })
+    ).toMatchObject({
+      catalogId: 'execution_failed',
+      displayTitle: 'Execution failed'
+    })
+
+    expect(
+      resolveRunErrorMessage({
+        kind: 'execution',
+        isCloud: false,
+        nodeDisplayName: 'CLIP Text Encode',
+        error: executionError(
+          'RuntimeError',
+          'ERROR: clip input is invalid: None\n\nIf the clip is from a checkpoint loader node your checkpoint does not contain a valid clip or text encoder model.'
+        )
+      })
+    ).toMatchObject({
+      catalogId: 'invalid_clip_input',
+      displayTitle: 'Invalid CLIP input',
+      displayMessage:
+        'The CLIP input is missing or invalid. Check the connected checkpoint or CLIP loader.',
+      displayItemLabel: 'CLIP Text Encode',
+      toastMessage: 'CLIP Text Encode has a missing or invalid CLIP input.'
+    })
+
+    expect(
+      resolveRunErrorMessage({
+        kind: 'execution',
+        isCloud: true,
+        nodeDisplayName: 'KSampler',
+        error: executionError(
+          'OOMError',
+          'Workflow execution failed due to insufficient memory (OOM). Try reducing image resolution or batch size.'
+        )
+      })
+    ).toMatchObject({
+      catalogId: 'out_of_memory',
+      displayTitle: 'Generation failed',
+      displayMessage:
+        'Not enough GPU memory. Try reducing image resolution or batch size and run again. No credits charged.',
+      displayItemLabel: 'KSampler'
+    })
+
+    expect(
+      resolveRunErrorMessage({
+        kind: 'execution',
+        isCloud: true,
+        nodeDisplayName: 'KSampler',
+        error: executionError(
+          'RuntimeError',
+          'CUDA out of memory. Tried to allocate 6.00 GiB. GPU 0 has 2.00 GiB free.'
+        )
+      })
+    ).toMatchObject({
+      catalogId: 'out_of_memory',
+      displayTitle: 'Generation failed',
+      displayDetails:
+        'CUDA out of memory. Tried to allocate 6.00 GiB. GPU 0 has 2.00 GiB free.'
+    })
+
+    expect(
+      resolveRunErrorMessage({
+        kind: 'execution',
+        isCloud: false,
+        nodeDisplayName: 'KSampler',
+        error: executionError('RuntimeError', 'GPU out of memory')
+      })
+    ).toMatchObject({
+      catalogId: 'out_of_memory',
+      displayMessage:
+        'Not enough GPU memory. Try reducing image resolution or batch size and run again.',
+      displayDetails: 'GPU out of memory'
+    })
+  })
+
+  it.for([
+    {
+      type: 'InsufficientFundsError',
+      message:
+        'Payment Required: Please add credits to your account to use this node.',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'insufficient_credits',
+        displayTitle: 'Insufficient credits',
+        displayMessage:
+          'Add credits to your account to use this node. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'InsufficientFundsError',
+      message:
+        'Payment Required: Please add credits to your workspace to continue.',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'workspace_insufficient_credits',
+        displayTitle: 'Insufficient credits',
+        displayMessage:
+          'Add credits to your workspace to continue. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'InactiveSubscriptionError',
+      message:
+        'User has no active subscription. Please subscribe to a plan to continue.',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'subscription_required',
+        displayTitle: 'Subscription required',
+        displayMessage:
+          'Subscribe to a plan to continue running this workflow. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'RuntimeError',
+      message:
+        'the following private models require a subscription upgrade: Skullgirls_Cerebella.safetensors',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'subscription_upgrade_required',
+        displayTitle: 'Subscription upgrade required',
+        displayMessage:
+          'Upgrade your subscription to use the private models in this workflow. No credits charged.',
+        displayDetails:
+          'Private models require a subscription upgrade: Skullgirls_Cerebella.safetensors',
+        toastMessage:
+          'Upgrade your subscription to use these private models: Skullgirls_Cerebella.safetensors. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'RuntimeError',
+      message: 'Unauthorized: Please login first to use this node.',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'sign_in_required',
+        displayTitle: 'Sign in required',
+        displayMessage:
+          'Partner nodes require a Comfy account. Sign in to continue. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'RuntimeError',
+      message:
+        'Rate Limit Exceeded: The server returned 429 after all retry attempts. Please wait and try again.',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'rate_limited',
+        displayTitle: 'Servers are busy',
+        displayMessage:
+          'High demand right now. Try again in a moment. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    }
+  ])(
+    'resolves $type runtime execution errors by stable copy',
+    ({ type, message, expected }) => {
+      expect(
+        resolveRunErrorMessage({
+          kind: 'execution',
+          isCloud: true,
+          nodeDisplayName: 'API Node',
+          error: executionError(type, message)
+        })
+      ).toMatchObject({
+        ...expected,
+        displayItemLabel: 'API Node'
+      })
+    }
+  )
+
+  it.for([
+    {
+      type: 'ServiceError',
+      message: 'ServiceError: Job execution time exceeded maximum limit',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'timeout',
+        displayTitle: 'Generation timed out',
+        displayMessage:
+          'This workflow reached the maximum run time. Try reducing image resolution, batch size, or workflow length and run again. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'ServiceError',
+      message: 'ServiceError: Job went too long without making any progress',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'generation_stalled',
+        displayTitle: 'Generation stalled',
+        displayMessage:
+          'This workflow stopped making progress. Try running it again. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'ServiceError',
+      message: 'ServiceError: Job has stagnated',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'generation_stalled',
+        displayTitle: 'Generation stalled',
+        displayMessage:
+          'This workflow stopped making progress. Try running it again. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'ServiceError',
+      message: 'ServiceError: RIP to the server your workflow was running on.',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'server_crashed',
+        displayTitle: 'Server crashed',
+        displayMessage:
+          'The server stopped while running this workflow. Try again. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'ServiceError',
+      message: 'ServiceError: Executor is busy with another job',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'server_busy',
+        displayTitle: 'Servers are busy',
+        displayMessage:
+          'The servers are busy right now. Try again in a moment. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'DispatcherError',
+      message: 'DispatcherError: Preprocessing timed out',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'preprocessing_timeout',
+        displayTitle: 'Preparation timed out',
+        displayMessage:
+          'The workflow took too long to prepare. Try running it again. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'DispatcherError',
+      message: 'DispatcherError: Preprocessing failed',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'preprocessing_failed',
+        displayTitle: 'Preparation failed',
+        displayMessage:
+          'The workflow could not be prepared. Try running it again. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'DispatcherError',
+      message: 'DispatcherError: Preprocessing failed: input archive missing',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'preprocessing_failed',
+        displayTitle: 'Preparation failed',
+        displayMessage:
+          'The workflow could not be prepared. Try running it again. No credits charged.',
+        displayDetails: 'Preprocessing failed: input archive missing'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'AccessRequired',
+      message:
+        'AccessRequired: This run requires access that is not available for the current account.',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'access_required',
+        displayTitle: 'Access required',
+        displayMessage:
+          'This run requires access that is not available for the current account. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'ModelAccessError',
+      message:
+        'ModelAccessError: One or more required models could not be accessed.',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'model_access_error',
+        displayTitle: 'Model access required',
+        displayMessage:
+          'One or more required models could not be accessed. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'ValidationError',
+      message:
+        "ValidationError: Field 'prompt' cannot be shorter than 1 characters; was 0 characters long.",
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'invalid_prompt',
+        displayTitle: 'Prompt is empty',
+        displayMessage:
+          'Enter a prompt before running this workflow. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'ValidationError',
+      message: "ValidationError: Field 'prompt' cannot be empty.",
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'invalid_prompt',
+        displayTitle: 'Prompt is empty',
+        displayMessage:
+          'Enter a prompt before running this workflow. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'ValidationError',
+      message: 'ValidationError: The workflow request is invalid.',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'invalid_workflow_request',
+        displayTitle: 'Invalid workflow request',
+        displayMessage:
+          'The workflow request is invalid. Check the workflow and try again. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'ValidationError',
+      message: 'ValidationError: Invalid job: missing workflow',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'invalid_workflow_request',
+        displayTitle: 'Invalid workflow request',
+        displayMessage:
+          'The workflow request is invalid. Check the workflow and try again. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'ValidationError',
+      message: "ValidationError: Invalid workflow: missing 'prompt' field",
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'invalid_workflow_request',
+        displayTitle: 'Invalid workflow request',
+        displayMessage:
+          'The workflow request is invalid. Check the workflow and try again. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'ValidationError',
+      message:
+        "ValidationError: Invalid workflow: 'prompt' field must be an object",
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'invalid_workflow_request',
+        displayTitle: 'Invalid workflow request',
+        displayMessage:
+          'The workflow request is invalid. Check the workflow and try again. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'ModelDownloadError',
+      message:
+        'ModelDownloadError: the following private models require a subscription upgrade: Skullgirls_Cerebella.safetensors, alex_ahad_style_ponyxl.safetensors',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'subscription_upgrade_required',
+        displayTitle: 'Subscription upgrade required',
+        displayDetails:
+          'Private models require a subscription upgrade: Skullgirls_Cerebella.safetensors, alex_ahad_style_ponyxl.safetensors'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'PanicError',
+      message:
+        'PanicError: internal error during model download: runtime error: invalid memory address',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'model_download_failed',
+        displayTitle: 'Model download failed',
+        displayMessage:
+          'A model could not be downloaded. Try again. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'PanicError',
+      message: 'PanicError: internal error during model download: boom',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'model_download_failed',
+        displayTitle: 'Model download failed',
+        displayMessage:
+          'A model could not be downloaded. Try again. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'PanicError',
+      message: 'PanicError: panic during job execution: boom',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'run_ended_unexpectedly',
+        displayTitle: 'Run ended unexpectedly',
+        displayMessage:
+          'The run ended unexpectedly. Try again. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'UnexpectedServiceError',
+      message: 'UnexpectedServiceError: Unexpected service error.',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'unexpected_service_error',
+        displayTitle: 'Service error',
+        displayMessage:
+          'The service encountered an unexpected error. Try again. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'RequestError',
+      message:
+        'RequestError: The request failed before the run could complete.',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'request_failed',
+        displayTitle: 'Request failed',
+        displayMessage:
+          'The request failed before the run could complete. Try again. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'PreprocessingTimeout',
+      message: 'PreprocessingTimeout: Preprocessing timed out.',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'preprocessing_timeout',
+        displayTitle: 'Preparation timed out',
+        displayMessage:
+          'The workflow took too long to prepare. Try running it again. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'ServiceError',
+      message: 'ServiceError: The run could not be started.',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'run_start_failed',
+        displayTitle: 'Run could not start',
+        displayMessage:
+          'The run could not be started. Try again. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'WebSocketError',
+      message: 'WebSocketError: Failed to start WebSocket client: EOF',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'run_start_failed',
+        displayTitle: 'Run could not start',
+        displayMessage:
+          'The run could not be started. Try again. No credits charged.',
+        displayDetails: 'Failed to start WebSocket client: EOF'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'ServiceError',
+      message:
+        'ServiceError: Failed to send prompt request: connection refused',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'request_failed',
+        displayTitle: 'Request failed',
+        displayMessage:
+          'The request failed before the run could complete. Try again. No credits charged.',
+        displayDetails: 'Failed to send prompt request: connection refused'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'ServiceError',
+      message:
+        'ServiceError: Failed to complete preparation: transition failed',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'preprocessing_failed',
+        displayTitle: 'Preparation failed',
+        displayMessage:
+          'The workflow could not be prepared. Try running it again. No credits charged.',
+        displayDetails: 'Failed to complete preparation: transition failed'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'ServiceError',
+      message: 'ServiceError: The run ended unexpectedly.',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'run_ended_unexpectedly',
+        displayTitle: 'Run ended unexpectedly',
+        displayMessage:
+          'The run ended unexpectedly. Try again. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'Exception',
+      message: 'Exception: Servers are busy. Please try again later.',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'server_busy',
+        displayTitle: 'Servers are busy',
+        displayMessage:
+          'The servers are busy right now. Try again in a moment. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'WebSocketError',
+      message:
+        'WebSocketError: Polling aborted due to error: API Error: {"code":"Client specified an invalid argument","error":"Generated video rejected by content moderation."}',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'content_blocked',
+        displayTitle: 'Content blocked',
+        displayMessage:
+          'This request was blocked by the content moderation system. Try changing the prompt or inputs. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'Exception',
+      message: 'Exception: Generated video rejected by content moderation.',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'content_blocked',
+        displayTitle: 'Content blocked',
+        displayMessage:
+          'This request was blocked by the content moderation system. Try changing the prompt or inputs. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'Exception',
+      message: 'Exception: Prompt or Initial Image failed the safety checks.',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'content_blocked',
+        displayTitle: 'Content blocked',
+        displayMessage:
+          'This request was blocked by the content moderation system. Try changing the prompt or inputs. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'ValueError',
+      message:
+        'ValueError: The generated image was flagged for content policy violation.',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'content_blocked',
+        displayTitle: 'Content blocked',
+        displayMessage:
+          'This request was blocked by the content moderation system. Try changing the prompt or inputs. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'Exception',
+      message:
+        "Exception: Content filtered by Google's Responsible AI practices: safety (1 video filtered.)",
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'content_blocked',
+        displayTitle: 'Content blocked',
+        displayMessage:
+          'This request was blocked by the content moderation system. Try changing the prompt or inputs. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'Exception',
+      message:
+        "Exception: Content blocked by Google's Responsible AI filters (1 video filtered).",
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'content_blocked',
+        displayTitle: 'Content blocked',
+        displayMessage:
+          'This request was blocked by the content moderation system. Try changing the prompt or inputs. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'Exception',
+      message: 'Exception: Generated content was rejected by a safety check.',
+      expected: {
+        catalogId: 'content_blocked',
+        displayTitle: 'Content blocked',
+        displayMessage:
+          'This request was blocked by the content moderation system. Try changing the prompt or inputs. No credits charged.'
+      }
+    }
+  ])(
+    'resolves non-node-scoped runtime failures',
+    ({ type, message, expected }) => {
+      expect(
+        resolveRunErrorMessage({
+          kind: 'prompt',
+          isCloud: true,
+          error: {
+            type,
+            message,
+            details: ''
+          }
+        })
+      ).toMatchObject(expected)
+    }
+  )
+
+  it('does not append credit copy outside cloud mode', () => {
+    expect(
+      resolveRunErrorMessage({
+        kind: 'execution',
+        isCloud: false,
+        nodeDisplayName: 'KSampler',
+        error: executionError(
+          'ServiceError',
+          'Job execution time exceeded maximum limit'
+        )
+      })
+    ).toMatchObject({
+      catalogId: 'timeout',
+      displayMessage:
+        'This workflow reached the maximum run time. Try reducing image resolution, batch size, or workflow length and run again.',
+      toastMessage:
+        'This workflow reached the maximum run time. Try reducing image resolution, batch size, or workflow length and run again.'
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('does not over-match runtime error lookalikes', () => {
+    expect(
+      resolveRunErrorMessage({
+        kind: 'prompt',
+        isCloud: true,
+        error: {
+          type: 'RequestError',
+          message:
+            'RequestError: Failed to send prompt request: request returned error status 400: {"error":{"type":"prompt_outputs_failed_validation"}}',
+          details: ''
+        }
+      })
+    ).toEqual({})
+
+    expect(
+      resolveRunErrorMessage({
+        kind: 'prompt',
+        isCloud: true,
+        error: {
+          type: 'RequestError',
+          message:
+            'RequestError: Failed to send prompt request: renderer template {node}',
+          details: ''
+        }
+      })
+    ).toMatchObject({
+      catalogId: 'request_failed',
+      displayTitle: 'Request failed',
+      displayDetails: 'Failed to send prompt request: renderer template {node}'
+    })
+
+    expect(
+      resolveRunErrorMessage({
+        kind: 'prompt',
+        isCloud: true,
+        error: {
+          type: 'Exception',
+          message:
+            'Exception: Debug output mentioned the content moderation system, but no content was blocked.',
+          details: ''
+        }
+      })
+    ).toEqual({})
+
+    expect(
+      resolveRunErrorMessage({
+        kind: 'prompt',
+        isCloud: true,
+        error: {
+          type: 'ModelDownloadError',
+          message:
+            'ModelDownloadError: the following private models require a subscription upgrade:',
+          details: ''
+        }
+      })
+    ).toEqual({})
+  })
+
+  it('resolves unknown node execution errors to the general runtime fallback', () => {
+    expect(
+      resolveRunErrorMessage({
+        kind: 'execution',
+        isCloud: true,
+        nodeDisplayName: 'KSampler',
+        error: executionError(
+          'RuntimeError',
+          'mat1 and mat2 shapes cannot be multiplied'
+        )
+      })
+    ).toEqual({
+      catalogId: 'execution_failed',
+      displayTitle: 'Execution failed',
+      displayMessage:
+        'Node threw an error during execution. No credits charged.',
+      displayItemLabel: 'KSampler',
+      toastTitle: 'KSampler failed',
+      toastMessage:
+        'This node threw an error during execution. Check its inputs or try a different configuration. No credits charged.'
+    })
+  })
+
   it('resolves missing error group display copy', () => {
     expect(
       resolveMissingErrorMessage({

src/platform/errorCatalog/errorMessageResolver.ts

@@ -1,514 +1,13 @@
-import type {
-  MissingErrorMessageSource,
-  NodeValidationError,
-  ResolvedErrorMessage,
-  ResolvedMissingErrorMessage,
-  RunErrorMessageSource
-} from './types'
-import { st, t, te } from '@/i18n'
+import type { ResolvedErrorMessage, RunErrorMessageSource } from './types'
 
-const REQUIRED_INPUT_MISSING_TYPE = 'required_input_missing'
-const REQUIRED_INPUT_MISSING_CATALOG_ID = 'missing_connection'
-const IMAGE_NOT_LOADED_CATALOG_ID = 'image_not_loaded'
-const OUT_OF_MEMORY_CATALOG_ID = 'out_of_memory'
-const KNOWN_PROMPT_ERROR_TYPES = new Set([
-  'prompt_no_outputs',
-  'no_prompt',
-  'server_error',
-  'missing_node_type',
-  'prompt_outputs_failed_validation'
-])
+import { resolveExecutionErrorMessage } from './executionErrorResolver'
+import { resolveMissingErrorMessage } from './missingErrorResolver'
+import { resolvePromptErrorMessage } from './promptErrorResolver'
+import { resolveNodeValidationErrorMessage } from './validationErrorResolver'
 
-interface ValidationCatalogRule {
-  catalogId: string
-  itemLabel: 'node' | 'nodeInput'
-  copyKeys?: CopyKeys
-}
-
-interface ErrorResolveContext {
-  isCloud?: boolean
-  nodeDisplayName?: string
-}
-
-type CatalogParams = Record<string, string | number>
-
-function translateCatalogMessage(
-  key: string,
-  fallback: string,
-  params?: CatalogParams
-): string {
-  if (te(key)) return params ? t(key, params) : t(key)
-  if (!params) return fallback
-
-  return fallback.replace(/\{(\w+)\}/g, (match, paramName) =>
-    params[paramName] === undefined ? match : String(params[paramName])
-  )
-}
-
-function translateOptionalCatalogMessage(
-  key: string,
-  fallback?: string,
-  params?: CatalogParams
-): string | undefined {
-  if (te(key)) return params ? t(key, params) : t(key)
-  return fallback?.trim() ? fallback : undefined
-}
-
-function normalizeNodeName(nodeDisplayName: string | undefined): string {
-  return (
-    nodeDisplayName?.trim() ||
-    translateCatalogMessage('errorCatalog.fallbacks.nodeName', 'This node')
-  )
-}
-
-function getInputName(error: NodeValidationError): string {
-  const inputName = error.extra_info?.input_name
-  return (
-    inputName?.trim() ||
-    translateCatalogMessage('errorCatalog.fallbacks.inputName', 'unknown input')
-  )
-}
-
-function getErrorText(error: NodeValidationError) {
-  return [
-    'message' in error ? error.message : undefined,
-    'details' in error ? error.details : undefined
-  ]
-    .filter(Boolean)
-    .join('\n')
-}
-
-function isImageNotLoadedText(text: string): boolean {
-  return /invalid image file|\[errno 21\].*is a directory/i.test(text)
-}
-
-function isImageNotLoadedValidationError(error: NodeValidationError): boolean {
-  return (
-    error.type === 'custom_validation_failed' &&
-    isImageNotLoadedText(getErrorText(error))
-  )
-}
-
-function nodeInputItemLabel(nodeName: string, inputName: string): string {
-  return `${nodeName} - ${inputName}`
-}
-
-function formatDependencyCycleDetails(details: string): string {
-  // Core reports dependency cycle paths as "node -> node"; catalog copy embeds
-  // those paths in prose, where "to" reads more naturally.
-  return details.replace(/\s*->\s*/g, ' to ')
-}
-
-function formatCatalogValue(value: unknown): string | undefined {
-  if (value === undefined || value === null) return undefined
-  if (typeof value === 'string') return value
-  if (typeof value === 'number' || typeof value === 'boolean') {
-    return String(value)
-  }
-
-  try {
-    return JSON.stringify(value)
-  } catch {
-    return undefined
-  }
-}
-
-function getInputConfigValue(
-  error: NodeValidationError,
-  key: 'min' | 'max'
-): string | undefined {
-  const inputConfig = error.extra_info?.input_config
-  if (!Array.isArray(inputConfig)) return undefined
-
-  const config = inputConfig[1]
-  if (!config || typeof config !== 'object') return undefined
-
-  return formatCatalogValue((config as Record<string, unknown>)[key])
-}
-
-function getInputConfigType(error: NodeValidationError): string | undefined {
-  const inputConfig = error.extra_info?.input_config
-  if (!Array.isArray(inputConfig)) return undefined
-
-  return formatCatalogValue(inputConfig[0])
-}
-
-function getValidationParams(
-  error: NodeValidationError,
-  nodeName: string,
-  inputName: string
-): CatalogParams {
-  const params: CatalogParams = { nodeName, inputName }
-  const receivedValue = formatCatalogValue(error.extra_info?.received_value)
-  const receivedType = formatCatalogValue(error.extra_info?.received_type)
-  const expectedType = getInputConfigType(error)
-  const minValue = getInputConfigValue(error, 'min')
-  const maxValue = getInputConfigValue(error, 'max')
-
-  if (receivedValue !== undefined) params.receivedValue = receivedValue
-  if (receivedType !== undefined) params.receivedType = receivedType
-  if (expectedType !== undefined) params.expectedType = expectedType
-  if (minValue !== undefined) params.minValue = minValue
-  if (maxValue !== undefined) params.maxValue = maxValue
-
-  return params
-}
-
-function hasParams(params: CatalogParams, keys: string[]): boolean {
-  return keys.every((key) => params[key] !== undefined)
-}
-
-interface CopyKeys {
-  detailsKey: string
-  toastMessageKey: string
-}
-
-const DEFAULT_COPY_KEYS: CopyKeys = {
-  detailsKey: 'details',
-  toastMessageKey: 'toastMessage'
-}
-
-const VALUE_SPECIFIC_COPY_RULES: Record<
-  string,
-  {
-    requiredParams: string[]
-    suffix: 'WithTypes' | 'WithValue'
-  }
-> = {
-  return_type_mismatch: {
-    requiredParams: ['expectedType', 'receivedType'],
-    suffix: 'WithTypes'
-  },
-  invalid_input_type: {
-    requiredParams: ['receivedValue', 'expectedType'],
-    suffix: 'WithValue'
-  },
-  value_smaller_than_min: {
-    requiredParams: ['receivedValue', 'minValue'],
-    suffix: 'WithValue'
-  },
-  value_bigger_than_max: {
-    requiredParams: ['receivedValue', 'maxValue'],
-    suffix: 'WithValue'
-  },
-  value_not_in_list: {
-    requiredParams: ['receivedValue'],
-    suffix: 'WithValue'
-  }
-}
-
-function getValueSpecificCopyKeys(
-  errorType: string,
-  params: CatalogParams
-): CopyKeys {
-  const rule = VALUE_SPECIFIC_COPY_RULES[errorType]
-  if (!rule || !hasParams(params, rule.requiredParams)) return DEFAULT_COPY_KEYS
-
-  return {
-    detailsKey: `details${rule.suffix}`,
-    toastMessageKey: `toastMessage${rule.suffix}`
-  }
-}
-
-function getRawDetailsCopyKeys(error: NodeValidationError): CopyKeys {
-  return error.details.trim()
-    ? {
-        detailsKey: 'detailsWithRawDetails',
-        toastMessageKey: 'toastMessageWithRawDetails'
-      }
-    : DEFAULT_COPY_KEYS
-}
-
-function getRawDetailsOnlyCopyKeys(error: NodeValidationError): CopyKeys {
-  if (!error.details.trim()) return DEFAULT_COPY_KEYS
-
-  return {
-    detailsKey: 'detailsWithRawDetails',
-    toastMessageKey: 'toastMessage'
-  }
-}
-
-function getValidationCopyKeys(
-  error: NodeValidationError,
-  params: CatalogParams
-): CopyKeys {
-  if (error.type === 'exception_during_validation') {
-    return getRawDetailsCopyKeys(error)
-  }
-
-  if (error.type === 'exception_during_inner_validation') {
-    return getRawDetailsCopyKeys(error)
-  }
-
-  if (error.type === 'custom_validation_failed') {
-    return getRawDetailsOnlyCopyKeys(error)
-  }
-
-  if (error.type === 'dependency_cycle') {
-    return getRawDetailsOnlyCopyKeys(error)
-  }
-
-  return getValueSpecificCopyKeys(error.type, params)
-}
-
-const VALIDATION_ERROR_RULES: Record<string, ValidationCatalogRule> = {
-  [REQUIRED_INPUT_MISSING_TYPE]: {
-    catalogId: REQUIRED_INPUT_MISSING_CATALOG_ID,
-    itemLabel: 'nodeInput'
-  },
-  bad_linked_input: {
-    catalogId: 'bad_linked_input',
-    itemLabel: 'nodeInput'
-  },
-  return_type_mismatch: {
-    catalogId: 'return_type_mismatch',
-    itemLabel: 'nodeInput'
-  },
-  invalid_input_type: {
-    catalogId: 'invalid_input_type',
-    itemLabel: 'nodeInput'
-  },
-  value_smaller_than_min: {
-    catalogId: 'value_smaller_than_min',
-    itemLabel: 'nodeInput'
-  },
-  value_bigger_than_max: {
-    catalogId: 'value_bigger_than_max',
-    itemLabel: 'nodeInput'
-  },
-  value_not_in_list: {
-    catalogId: 'value_not_in_list',
-    itemLabel: 'nodeInput'
-  },
-  custom_validation_failed: {
-    catalogId: 'custom_validation_failed',
-    itemLabel: 'nodeInput'
-  },
-  exception_during_inner_validation: {
-    catalogId: 'exception_during_inner_validation',
-    itemLabel: 'nodeInput'
-  },
-  exception_during_validation: {
-    catalogId: 'exception_during_validation',
-    itemLabel: 'node'
-  },
-  dependency_cycle: {
-    catalogId: 'dependency_cycle',
-    itemLabel: 'node'
-  }
-}
-
-// Image-not-loaded shares the custom_validation_failed type, so it needs a
-// predicate override to use image_not_loaded locale copy and default copy keys.
-const IMAGE_NOT_LOADED_VALIDATION_RULE = {
-  catalogId: IMAGE_NOT_LOADED_CATALOG_ID,
-  itemLabel: 'node',
-  copyKeys: DEFAULT_COPY_KEYS
-} satisfies ValidationCatalogRule
-
-function resolveValidationCatalogCopy(
-  error: NodeValidationError,
-  context: ErrorResolveContext,
-  localeKey: string,
-  rule: ValidationCatalogRule
-): ResolvedErrorMessage {
-  const nodeName = normalizeNodeName(context.nodeDisplayName)
-  const inputName = getInputName(error)
-  const trimmedDetails = error.details.trim()
-  const rawDetails =
-    error.type === 'dependency_cycle'
-      ? formatDependencyCycleDetails(trimmedDetails)
-      : trimmedDetails
-  const params = {
-    ...getValidationParams(error, nodeName, inputName),
-    rawDetails
-  }
-  const keyPrefix = `errorCatalog.validationErrors.${localeKey}`
-  const titleFallback = error.message || error.type
-  const itemLabelFallback =
-    rule.itemLabel === 'node'
-      ? nodeName
-      : nodeInputItemLabel(nodeName, inputName)
-  const copyKeys = rule.copyKeys ?? getValidationCopyKeys(error, params)
-
-  return {
-    catalogId: rule.catalogId,
-    displayTitle: translateCatalogMessage(
-      `${keyPrefix}.title`,
-      titleFallback,
-      params
-    ),
-    displayMessage: translateCatalogMessage(
-      `${keyPrefix}.message`,
-      error.message,
-      params
-    ),
-    displayDetails: translateOptionalCatalogMessage(
-      `${keyPrefix}.${copyKeys.detailsKey}`,
-      error.details,
-      params
-    ),
-    displayItemLabel: translateCatalogMessage(
-      `${keyPrefix}.itemLabel`,
-      itemLabelFallback,
-      params
-    ),
-    toastTitle: translateCatalogMessage(
-      `${keyPrefix}.toastTitle`,
-      titleFallback,
-      params
-    ),
-    toastMessage: translateCatalogMessage(
-      `${keyPrefix}.${copyKeys.toastMessageKey}`,
-      error.message,
-      params
-    )
-  }
-}
-
-function resolveNodeValidationErrorMessage(
-  error: NodeValidationError,
-  context: ErrorResolveContext
-): ResolvedErrorMessage {
-  if (isImageNotLoadedValidationError(error)) {
-    return resolveValidationCatalogCopy(
-      error,
-      context,
-      'image_not_loaded',
-      IMAGE_NOT_LOADED_VALIDATION_RULE
-    )
-  }
-
-  const rule = VALIDATION_ERROR_RULES[error.type]
-  if (!rule) return {}
-
-  return resolveValidationCatalogCopy(error, context, error.type, rule)
-}
-
-function resolvePromptErrorMessage(
-  error: Extract<RunErrorMessageSource, { kind: 'prompt' }>['error'],
-  context: ErrorResolveContext
-): ResolvedErrorMessage {
-  if (error.type === 'ImageDownloadError') {
-    return {
-      catalogId: IMAGE_NOT_LOADED_CATALOG_ID,
-      displayTitle: st(
-        'errorCatalog.promptErrors.image_not_loaded.title',
-        error.message
-      ),
-      displayMessage: st(
-        'errorCatalog.promptErrors.image_not_loaded.desc',
-        error.message
-      )
-    }
-  }
-
-  if (error.type === 'OOMError') {
-    const messageKey = context.isCloud
-      ? 'errorCatalog.promptErrors.out_of_memory.descCloud'
-      : 'errorCatalog.promptErrors.out_of_memory.descLocal'
-
-    return {
-      catalogId: OUT_OF_MEMORY_CATALOG_ID,
-      displayTitle: st(
-        'errorCatalog.promptErrors.out_of_memory.title',
-        error.message
-      ),
-      displayMessage: st(messageKey, error.message)
-    }
-  }
-
-  if (!KNOWN_PROMPT_ERROR_TYPES.has(error.type)) return {}
-
-  const errorTypeKey =
-    error.type === 'server_error'
-      ? context.isCloud
-        ? 'server_error_cloud'
-        : 'server_error_local'
-      : error.type
-
-  return {
-    displayTitle: translateCatalogMessage(
-      `errorCatalog.promptErrors.${errorTypeKey}.title`,
-      error.message
-    ),
-    displayMessage: st(
-      `errorCatalog.promptErrors.${errorTypeKey}.desc`,
-      error.message
-    )
-  }
-}
-
-function formatCountTitle(title: string, count: number): string {
-  return `${title} (${count})`
-}
-
-function translateMissingModelOverlayMessage(count: number): string {
-  const translated = t('errorOverlay.missingModels', { count }, count)
-  return translated === 'errorOverlay.missingModels'
-    ? `${count} required ${count === 1 ? 'model is' : 'models are'} missing`
-    : translated
-}
-
-export function resolveMissingErrorMessage(
-  source: MissingErrorMessageSource
-): ResolvedMissingErrorMessage {
-  switch (source.kind) {
-    case 'missing_node':
-      return {
-        catalogId: 'missing_node',
-        displayTitle: formatCountTitle(
-          source.isCloud
-            ? st(
-                'rightSidePanel.missingNodePacks.unsupportedTitle',
-                'Unsupported Node Packs'
-              )
-            : st('rightSidePanel.missingNodePacks.title', 'Missing Node Packs'),
-          source.count
-        ),
-        displayMessage: st(
-          'errorOverlay.missingNodes',
-          'Some nodes are missing and need to be installed'
-        )
-      }
-    case 'swap_nodes':
-      return {
-        catalogId: 'swap_nodes',
-        displayTitle: formatCountTitle(
-          st('nodeReplacement.swapNodesTitle', 'Swap Nodes'),
-          source.count
-        ),
-        displayMessage: st(
-          'errorOverlay.swapNodes',
-          'Some nodes can be replaced with alternatives'
-        )
-      }
-    case 'missing_model':
-      return {
-        catalogId: 'missing_model',
-        displayTitle: formatCountTitle(
-          st(
-            'rightSidePanel.missingModels.missingModelsTitle',
-            'Missing Models'
-          ),
-          source.count
-        ),
-        displayMessage: translateMissingModelOverlayMessage(source.count)
-      }
-    case 'missing_media':
-      return {
-        catalogId: 'missing_media',
-        displayTitle: formatCountTitle(
-          st('rightSidePanel.missingMedia.missingMediaTitle', 'Missing Inputs'),
-          source.count
-        ),
-        displayMessage: st(
-          'errorOverlay.missingMedia',
-          'Some nodes are missing required inputs'
-        )
-      }
-  }
-}
+// Public facade for error catalog resolution. Source-specific resolver modules
+// own the actual matching/copy rules so this file stays as the routing boundary.
+export { resolveMissingErrorMessage }
 
 export function resolveRunErrorMessage(
   source: RunErrorMessageSource
@@ -522,5 +21,10 @@ export function resolveRunErrorMessage(
       return resolvePromptErrorMessage(source.error, {
         isCloud: source.isCloud
       })
+    case 'execution':
+      return resolveExecutionErrorMessage(source.error, {
+        nodeDisplayName: source.nodeDisplayName,
+        isCloud: source.isCloud
+      })
   }
 }

src/platform/errorCatalog/executionErrorResolver.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import type { ResolvedErrorMessage, RunErrorMessageSource } from './types'
+
+import { EXECUTION_FAILED_CATALOG_ID } from './catalogIds'
+import type { ErrorResolveContext } from './catalogI18n'
+import { resolveRuntimeCatalogCopy } from './runtimeErrorCopy'
+import { resolveRuntimeCatalogMatch } from './runtimeErrorMatcher'
+
+// Resolves node-scoped runtime failures while preserving raw API fields.
+export function resolveExecutionErrorMessage(
+  error: Extract<RunErrorMessageSource, { kind: 'execution' }>['error'],
+  context: ErrorResolveContext
+): ResolvedErrorMessage {
+  const exceptionMessage = error.exception_message.trim()
+  const match = resolveRuntimeCatalogMatch({
+    exceptionType: error.exception_type,
+    exceptionMessage
+  })
+  if (!match) {
+    return resolveRuntimeCatalogCopy(
+      EXECUTION_FAILED_CATALOG_ID,
+      error.exception_message,
+      context,
+      { includeItemLabel: true }
+    )
+  }
+
+  return resolveRuntimeCatalogCopy(
+    match.catalogId,
+    error.exception_message,
+    context,
+    {
+      includeItemLabel: true,
+      params: match.params,
+      detailsFallback: match.detailsFallback
+    }
+  )
+}

src/platform/errorCatalog/missingErrorResolver.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+import type {
+  MissingErrorMessageSource,
+  ResolvedMissingErrorMessage
+} from './types'
+import { st, t } from '@/i18n'
+
+// Resolves pre-run missing-resource groups (nodes, models, media, swaps). These
+// are grouped catalog messages rather than individual execution error items.
+function formatCountTitle(title: string, count: number): string {
+  return `${title} (${count})`
+}
+
+function translateMissingModelOverlayMessage(count: number): string {
+  const translated = t('errorOverlay.missingModels', { count }, count)
+  return translated === 'errorOverlay.missingModels'
+    ? `${count} required ${count === 1 ? 'model is' : 'models are'} missing`
+    : translated
+}
+
+export function resolveMissingErrorMessage(
+  source: MissingErrorMessageSource
+): ResolvedMissingErrorMessage {
+  switch (source.kind) {
+    case 'missing_node':
+      return {
+        catalogId: 'missing_node',
+        displayTitle: formatCountTitle(
+          source.isCloud
+            ? st(
+                'rightSidePanel.missingNodePacks.unsupportedTitle',
+                'Unsupported Node Packs'
+              )
+            : st('rightSidePanel.missingNodePacks.title', 'Missing Node Packs'),
+          source.count
+        ),
+        displayMessage: st(
+          'errorOverlay.missingNodes',
+          'Some nodes are missing and need to be installed'
+        )
+      }
+    case 'swap_nodes':
+      return {
+        catalogId: 'swap_nodes',
+        displayTitle: formatCountTitle(
+          st('nodeReplacement.swapNodesTitle', 'Swap Nodes'),
+          source.count
+        ),
+        displayMessage: st(
+          'errorOverlay.swapNodes',
+          'Some nodes can be replaced with alternatives'
+        )
+      }
+    case 'missing_model':
+      return {
+        catalogId: 'missing_model',
+        displayTitle: formatCountTitle(
+          st(
+            'rightSidePanel.missingModels.missingModelsTitle',
+            'Missing Models'
+          ),
+          source.count
+        ),
+        displayMessage: translateMissingModelOverlayMessage(source.count)
+      }
+    case 'missing_media':
+      return {
+        catalogId: 'missing_media',
+        displayTitle: formatCountTitle(
+          st('rightSidePanel.missingMedia.missingMediaTitle', 'Missing Inputs'),
+          source.count
+        ),
+        displayMessage: st(
+          'errorOverlay.missingMedia',
+          'Some nodes are missing required inputs'
+        )
+      }
+  }
+}

src/platform/errorCatalog/promptErrorResolver.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+import type { ResolvedErrorMessage, RunErrorMessageSource } from './types'
+
+import type { ErrorResolveContext } from './catalogI18n'
+import { translateCatalogMessage } from './catalogI18n'
+import { resolveRuntimeCatalogCopy } from './runtimeErrorCopy'
+import { resolveRuntimeCatalogMatch } from './runtimeErrorMatcher'
+import { st } from '@/i18n'
+
+// Resolves prompt-level errors and non-node-scoped failures before falling
+// back to prompt-specific catalog keys.
+const KNOWN_PROMPT_ERROR_TYPES = new Set([
+  'prompt_no_outputs',
+  'no_prompt',
+  'server_error',
+  'missing_node_type',
+  'prompt_outputs_failed_validation'
+])
+
+function getPromptExceptionMessage(
+  error: Extract<RunErrorMessageSource, { kind: 'prompt' }>['error']
+): string {
+  const message = error.message.trim()
+  const prefixedType = `${error.type}: `
+  return message.startsWith(prefixedType)
+    ? message.slice(prefixedType.length).trim()
+    : message
+}
+
+export function resolvePromptErrorMessage(
+  error: Extract<RunErrorMessageSource, { kind: 'prompt' }>['error'],
+  context: ErrorResolveContext
+): ResolvedErrorMessage {
+  const promptExceptionMessage = getPromptExceptionMessage(error)
+  const runtimeMatch = resolveRuntimeCatalogMatch({
+    exceptionType: error.type,
+    exceptionMessage: promptExceptionMessage
+  })
+  if (runtimeMatch) {
+    // Leave toast copy to node-scoped errors where a node-specific
+    // action/message is safe.
+    return resolveRuntimeCatalogCopy(
+      runtimeMatch.catalogId,
+      promptExceptionMessage || error.message,
+      context,
+      {
+        includeToast: false,
+        params: runtimeMatch.params,
+        detailsFallback: runtimeMatch.detailsFallback
+      }
+    )
+  }
+
+  if (!KNOWN_PROMPT_ERROR_TYPES.has(error.type)) return {}
+
+  const errorTypeKey =
+    error.type === 'server_error'
+      ? context.isCloud
+        ? 'server_error_cloud'
+        : 'server_error_local'
+      : error.type
+
+  return {
+    displayTitle: translateCatalogMessage(
+      `errorCatalog.promptErrors.${errorTypeKey}.title`,
+      error.message
+    ),
+    displayMessage: st(
+      `errorCatalog.promptErrors.${errorTypeKey}.desc`,
+      error.message
+    )
+  }
+}

src/platform/errorCatalog/runtimeErrorCopy.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+import type { ResolvedErrorMessage } from './types'
+
+import {
+  ACCESS_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID,
+  CONTENT_BLOCKED_CATALOG_ID,
+  EXECUTION_FAILED_CATALOG_ID,
+  GENERATION_STALLED_CATALOG_ID,
+  IMAGE_NOT_LOADED_CATALOG_ID,
+  INSUFFICIENT_CREDITS_CATALOG_ID,
+  INVALID_CLIP_INPUT_CATALOG_ID,
+  INVALID_PROMPT_CATALOG_ID,
+  INVALID_WORKFLOW_REQUEST_CATALOG_ID,
+  MODEL_ACCESS_ERROR_CATALOG_ID,
+  MODEL_DOWNLOAD_FAILED_CATALOG_ID,
+  OUT_OF_MEMORY_CATALOG_ID,
+  PREPROCESSING_FAILED_CATALOG_ID,
+  PREPROCESSING_TIMEOUT_CATALOG_ID,
+  RATE_LIMITED_CATALOG_ID,
+  REQUEST_FAILED_CATALOG_ID,
+  RUN_ENDED_UNEXPECTEDLY_CATALOG_ID,
+  RUN_START_FAILED_CATALOG_ID,
+  SERVER_BUSY_CATALOG_ID,
+  SERVER_CRASHED_CATALOG_ID,
+  SIGN_IN_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID,
+  SUBSCRIPTION_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID,
+  SUBSCRIPTION_UPGRADE_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID,
+  TIMEOUT_CATALOG_ID,
+  UNEXPECTED_SERVICE_ERROR_CATALOG_ID,
+  WORKSPACE_INSUFFICIENT_CREDITS_CATALOG_ID
+} from './catalogIds'
+import {
+  normalizeNodeName,
+  translateCatalogMessage,
+  translateOptionalCatalogMessage
+} from './catalogI18n'
+import type { CatalogParams, ErrorResolveContext } from './catalogI18n'
+
+const NO_CREDITS_CHARGED_KEY = 'errorCatalog.runtimeErrors.noCreditsCharged'
+const NO_CREDITS_CHARGED_FALLBACK = 'No credits charged.'
+
+// Keep this opt-in so the credit note is only shown for catalog IDs whose
+// product copy explicitly supports it.
+const NO_CREDITS_CHARGED_RUNTIME_CATALOG_IDS = new Set([
+  ACCESS_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID,
+  CONTENT_BLOCKED_CATALOG_ID,
+  EXECUTION_FAILED_CATALOG_ID,
+  GENERATION_STALLED_CATALOG_ID,
+  IMAGE_NOT_LOADED_CATALOG_ID,
+  INSUFFICIENT_CREDITS_CATALOG_ID,
+  INVALID_CLIP_INPUT_CATALOG_ID,
+  INVALID_PROMPT_CATALOG_ID,
+  INVALID_WORKFLOW_REQUEST_CATALOG_ID,
+  MODEL_ACCESS_ERROR_CATALOG_ID,
+  MODEL_DOWNLOAD_FAILED_CATALOG_ID,
+  OUT_OF_MEMORY_CATALOG_ID,
+  PREPROCESSING_FAILED_CATALOG_ID,
+  PREPROCESSING_TIMEOUT_CATALOG_ID,
+  RATE_LIMITED_CATALOG_ID,
+  REQUEST_FAILED_CATALOG_ID,
+  RUN_ENDED_UNEXPECTEDLY_CATALOG_ID,
+  RUN_START_FAILED_CATALOG_ID,
+  SERVER_BUSY_CATALOG_ID,
+  SERVER_CRASHED_CATALOG_ID,
+  SIGN_IN_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID,
+  SUBSCRIPTION_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID,
+  SUBSCRIPTION_UPGRADE_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID,
+  TIMEOUT_CATALOG_ID,
+  UNEXPECTED_SERVICE_ERROR_CATALOG_ID,
+  WORKSPACE_INSUFFICIENT_CREDITS_CATALOG_ID
+])
+
+function appendNoCreditsChargedIfNeeded(
+  catalogId: string,
+  message: string,
+  context: ErrorResolveContext
+): string {
+  if (
+    !context.isCloud ||
+    !NO_CREDITS_CHARGED_RUNTIME_CATALOG_IDS.has(catalogId)
+  )
+    return message
+
+  const note = translateCatalogMessage(
+    NO_CREDITS_CHARGED_KEY,
+    NO_CREDITS_CHARGED_FALLBACK
+  )
+  return message.includes(note) ? message : `${message} ${note}`
+}
+
+// Builds resolved display fields while callers keep the raw API message/details
+// on the ErrorItem.
+export function resolveRuntimeCatalogCopy(
+  catalogId: string,
+  fallbackMessage: string,
+  context: ErrorResolveContext,
+  options: {
+    includeItemLabel?: boolean
+    includeToast?: boolean
+    params?: CatalogParams
+    detailsFallback?: string
+  } = {}
+): ResolvedErrorMessage {
+  const keyPrefix = `errorCatalog.runtimeErrors.${catalogId}`
+  const nodeName = normalizeNodeName(context.nodeDisplayName)
+  const params = { nodeName, ...options.params }
+  const resolveMessage = (suffix: string, fallback = fallbackMessage) =>
+    translateCatalogMessage(`${keyPrefix}.${suffix}`, fallback, params)
+  const addCloudCreditNote = (message: string) =>
+    appendNoCreditsChargedIfNeeded(catalogId, message, context)
+
+  const displayMessage = resolveMessage('message')
+  const result: ResolvedErrorMessage = {
+    catalogId,
+    displayTitle: resolveMessage('title'),
+    displayMessage: addCloudCreditNote(displayMessage)
+  }
+
+  if (options.includeToast !== false) {
+    const toastMessage = resolveMessage('toastMessage')
+    result.toastTitle = resolveMessage('toastTitle')
+    result.toastMessage = addCloudCreditNote(toastMessage)
+  }
+
+  const displayDetails = translateOptionalCatalogMessage(
+    `${keyPrefix}.details`,
+    options.detailsFallback,
+    params
+  )
+  if (displayDetails) result.displayDetails = displayDetails
+
+  if (options.includeItemLabel) {
+    result.displayItemLabel = resolveMessage('itemLabel', nodeName)
+  }
+
+  return result
+}

src/platform/errorCatalog/runtimeErrorMatcher.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,397 @@
+import {
+  ACCESS_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID,
+  CONTENT_BLOCKED_CATALOG_ID,
+  GENERATION_STALLED_CATALOG_ID,
+  IMAGE_NOT_LOADED_CATALOG_ID,
+  INSUFFICIENT_CREDITS_CATALOG_ID,
+  INVALID_CLIP_INPUT_CATALOG_ID,
+  INVALID_PROMPT_CATALOG_ID,
+  INVALID_WORKFLOW_REQUEST_CATALOG_ID,
+  MODEL_ACCESS_ERROR_CATALOG_ID,
+  MODEL_DOWNLOAD_FAILED_CATALOG_ID,
+  OUT_OF_MEMORY_CATALOG_ID,
+  PREPROCESSING_FAILED_CATALOG_ID,
+  PREPROCESSING_TIMEOUT_CATALOG_ID,
+  RATE_LIMITED_CATALOG_ID,
+  REQUEST_FAILED_CATALOG_ID,
+  RUN_ENDED_UNEXPECTEDLY_CATALOG_ID,
+  RUN_START_FAILED_CATALOG_ID,
+  SERVER_BUSY_CATALOG_ID,
+  SERVER_CRASHED_CATALOG_ID,
+  SIGN_IN_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID,
+  SUBSCRIPTION_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID,
+  SUBSCRIPTION_UPGRADE_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID,
+  TIMEOUT_CATALOG_ID,
+  UNEXPECTED_SERVICE_ERROR_CATALOG_ID,
+  WORKSPACE_INSUFFICIENT_CREDITS_CATALOG_ID
+} from './catalogIds'
+import type { CatalogParams } from './catalogI18n'
+
+// Runtime errors can share generic exception labels, so targeted cataloging
+// relies on narrow stable messages. Keep these matches exact or prefix-based.
+const INSUFFICIENT_CREDITS_MESSAGES = new Set([
+  'Payment Required: Please add credits to your account to use this node.'
+])
+const WORKSPACE_INSUFFICIENT_CREDITS_MESSAGES = new Set([
+  'Payment Required: Please add credits to your workspace to continue.'
+])
+const SUBSCRIPTION_REQUIRED_MESSAGES = new Set([
+  'Workspace has no active subscription. Please subscribe to a plan to continue.',
+  'User has no active subscription. Please subscribe to a plan to continue.'
+])
+const SUBSCRIPTION_UPGRADE_REQUIRED_PREFIX =
+  'the following private models require a subscription upgrade:'
+const TIMEOUT_MESSAGES = new Set(['Job execution time exceeded maximum limit'])
+const GENERATION_STALLED_MESSAGES = new Set([
+  'Job went too long without making any progress',
+  'Job has stagnated'
+])
+const SERVER_CRASHED_MESSAGES = new Set([
+  'RIP to the server your workflow was running on.',
+  'Inference service restarted, terminating job',
+  'Job stuck in erroring state, forcing terminal transition',
+  'Job was previously marked as lost and has now been acknowledged by inference service'
+])
+const SERVER_BUSY_MESSAGES = new Set([
+  'Failed to enqueue job for processing',
+  'Executor is busy with another job',
+  'Servers are busy. Please try again later.'
+])
+const INVALID_WORKFLOW_REQUEST_MESSAGES = new Set([
+  'The workflow request is invalid.',
+  'Invalid job: missing workflow',
+  "Invalid workflow: missing 'prompt' field",
+  "Invalid workflow: 'prompt' field must be an object"
+])
+const ACCESS_REQUIRED_MESSAGE =
+  'This run requires access that is not available for the current account.'
+const MODEL_ACCESS_ERROR_MESSAGE =
+  'One or more required models could not be accessed.'
+const UNEXPECTED_SERVICE_ERROR_MESSAGE = 'Unexpected service error.'
+const REQUEST_FAILED_MESSAGE =
+  'The request failed before the run could complete.'
+const RUN_START_FAILED_MESSAGE = 'The run could not be started.'
+const RUN_ENDED_UNEXPECTEDLY_MESSAGE = 'The run ended unexpectedly.'
+const SIGN_IN_REQUIRED_MESSAGE =
+  'Unauthorized: Please login first to use this node.'
+const RATE_LIMITED_PREFIX = 'Rate Limit Exceeded:'
+const CORE_OOM_TIP = 'This error means you ran out of memory on your GPU.'
+const CORE_OOM_ALLOCATION_PREFIX = 'Allocation on device'
+const CLOUD_OOM_PREFIX =
+  'Workflow execution failed due to insufficient memory (OOM).'
+const ERRNO_DIRECTORY_MESSAGE = '[Errno 21] Is a directory:'
+const INVALID_CLIP_INPUT_PREFIX = 'ERROR: clip input is invalid: None'
+const PROMPT_TOO_SHORT_MESSAGE =
+  "Field 'prompt' cannot be shorter than 1 characters; was 0 characters long."
+const PROMPT_EMPTY_MESSAGE = "Field 'prompt' cannot be empty."
+const PREPROCESSING_FAILED_MESSAGE = 'Preprocessing failed'
+const PREPROCESSING_TIMEOUT_MESSAGES = new Set([
+  'Preprocessing timed out',
+  'Preprocessing timed out.'
+])
+const MODEL_DOWNLOAD_PANIC_PREFIX = 'internal error during model download:'
+const GENERATED_VIDEO_REJECTED_MESSAGE =
+  'Generated video rejected by content moderation.'
+const GENERATED_CONTENT_REJECTED_MESSAGE =
+  'Generated content was rejected by a safety check.'
+const SAFETY_CHECK_MESSAGE = 'Prompt or Initial Image failed the safety checks.'
+const CONTENT_POLICY_VIOLATION_MESSAGE =
+  'The generated image was flagged for content policy violation.'
+const CONTENT_MODERATION_FLAGGED_PREFIX =
+  'Your request was flagged by our content moderation system'
+const GOOGLE_RAI_FILTERED_PREFIX =
+  "Content filtered by Google's Responsible AI practices"
+const GOOGLE_RAI_BLOCKED_PREFIX =
+  "Content blocked by Google's Responsible AI filters"
+
+const START_FAILED_PREFIXES = [
+  'Failed to start WebSocket client:',
+  'Failed to get ComfyUI generation ID:'
+]
+const REQUEST_FAILED_PREFIXES = ['Failed to send prompt request:']
+const SERVER_CRASHED_PREFIXES = [
+  'Workflow execution was interrupted due to ComfyUI process restart.',
+  'Job execution interrupted: server shutdown.',
+  'Failed to clear queue and restart failed:',
+  'WebSocket failed to reconnect after restart:'
+]
+const PREPROCESSING_FAILED_PREFIXES = [
+  'Preprocessing failed:',
+  'Failed to complete preparation:'
+]
+
+interface RuntimeErrorInfo {
+  exceptionType: string
+  exceptionMessage: string
+}
+
+interface RuntimeCatalogMatch {
+  catalogId: string
+  params?: CatalogParams
+  detailsFallback?: string
+}
+
+interface RuntimeMatchRule {
+  matches: (info: RuntimeErrorInfo, message: string) => boolean
+  resolve: (info: RuntimeErrorInfo, message: string) => RuntimeCatalogMatch
+}
+
+function catalogMatch(
+  catalogId: string,
+  options: Omit<RuntimeCatalogMatch, 'catalogId'> = {}
+): RuntimeCatalogMatch {
+  return { catalogId, ...options }
+}
+
+function catalogMatchWithMessageFallback(
+  catalogId: string,
+  message: string
+): RuntimeCatalogMatch {
+  return catalogMatch(catalogId, { detailsFallback: message })
+}
+
+function isOutOfMemoryError(info: RuntimeErrorInfo): boolean {
+  const message = info.exceptionMessage
+  return (
+    info.exceptionType === 'OOMError' ||
+    message.includes(CORE_OOM_TIP) ||
+    message.includes(CORE_OOM_ALLOCATION_PREFIX) ||
+    message.includes(CLOUD_OOM_PREFIX) ||
+    message.includes('CUDA out of memory') ||
+    message.includes('GPU out of memory')
+  )
+}
+
+function isImageNotLoadedError(
+  info: RuntimeErrorInfo,
+  message: string
+): boolean {
+  return (
+    info.exceptionType === 'ImageDownloadError' ||
+    (info.exceptionType === 'IsADirectoryError' &&
+      message.includes(ERRNO_DIRECTORY_MESSAGE))
+  )
+}
+
+function getSubscriptionUpgradeDetails(message: string): string {
+  return message.slice(SUBSCRIPTION_UPGRADE_REQUIRED_PREFIX.length).trim()
+}
+
+function isContentBlockedError(message: string): boolean {
+  return (
+    message.includes(GENERATED_VIDEO_REJECTED_MESSAGE) ||
+    message.includes(GENERATED_CONTENT_REJECTED_MESSAGE) ||
+    message.includes(SAFETY_CHECK_MESSAGE) ||
+    message.includes(CONTENT_POLICY_VIOLATION_MESSAGE) ||
+    message.startsWith(CONTENT_MODERATION_FLAGGED_PREFIX) ||
+    message.startsWith(GOOGLE_RAI_FILTERED_PREFIX) ||
+    message.startsWith(GOOGLE_RAI_BLOCKED_PREFIX)
+  )
+}
+
+function startsWithAny(message: string, prefixes: string[]): boolean {
+  return prefixes.some((prefix) => message.startsWith(prefix))
+}
+
+function hasEmbeddedApiErrorPayload(message: string): boolean {
+  // Embedded validation responses are parsed by a more specific path, so do not
+  // catalog them as a generic request failure here.
+  return /request returned error status \d{3}:\s*\{/.test(message)
+}
+
+function isSubscriptionUpgradeMessage(message: string): boolean {
+  return (
+    message.toLowerCase().startsWith(SUBSCRIPTION_UPGRADE_REQUIRED_PREFIX) &&
+    getSubscriptionUpgradeDetails(message).length > 0
+  )
+}
+
+// Order matters: the first matching rule wins. Keep narrow user-actionable
+// signatures before broader fallbacks.
+const RUNTIME_MATCH_RULES: RuntimeMatchRule[] = [
+  {
+    matches: isImageNotLoadedError,
+    resolve: (_info, message) =>
+      catalogMatchWithMessageFallback(IMAGE_NOT_LOADED_CATALOG_ID, message)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: isOutOfMemoryError,
+    resolve: (_info, message) =>
+      catalogMatchWithMessageFallback(OUT_OF_MEMORY_CATALOG_ID, message)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (_info, message) => message.startsWith(INVALID_CLIP_INPUT_PREFIX),
+    resolve: (_info, message) =>
+      catalogMatchWithMessageFallback(INVALID_CLIP_INPUT_CATALOG_ID, message)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (_info, message) =>
+      message.includes(PROMPT_TOO_SHORT_MESSAGE) ||
+      message.includes(PROMPT_EMPTY_MESSAGE),
+    resolve: () => catalogMatch(INVALID_PROMPT_CATALOG_ID)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (info, message) =>
+      info.exceptionType === 'ValidationError' &&
+      INVALID_WORKFLOW_REQUEST_MESSAGES.has(message),
+    resolve: () => catalogMatch(INVALID_WORKFLOW_REQUEST_CATALOG_ID)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (_info, message) =>
+      WORKSPACE_INSUFFICIENT_CREDITS_MESSAGES.has(message),
+    resolve: () => catalogMatch(WORKSPACE_INSUFFICIENT_CREDITS_CATALOG_ID)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (info, message) =>
+      info.exceptionType === 'InsufficientFundsError' ||
+      INSUFFICIENT_CREDITS_MESSAGES.has(message),
+    resolve: () => catalogMatch(INSUFFICIENT_CREDITS_CATALOG_ID)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (info, message) =>
+      info.exceptionType === 'InactiveSubscriptionError' ||
+      SUBSCRIPTION_REQUIRED_MESSAGES.has(message),
+    resolve: () => catalogMatch(SUBSCRIPTION_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (_info, message) => isSubscriptionUpgradeMessage(message),
+    resolve: (_info, message) => {
+      const modelNames = getSubscriptionUpgradeDetails(message)
+      return catalogMatch(SUBSCRIPTION_UPGRADE_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID, {
+        params: { modelNames },
+        detailsFallback: message
+      })
+    }
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (info, message) =>
+      info.exceptionType === 'AccessRequired' ||
+      message === ACCESS_REQUIRED_MESSAGE,
+    resolve: () => catalogMatch(ACCESS_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (info, message) =>
+      info.exceptionType === 'ModelAccessError' ||
+      message === MODEL_ACCESS_ERROR_MESSAGE,
+    resolve: () => catalogMatch(MODEL_ACCESS_ERROR_CATALOG_ID)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (_info, message) => message.includes(SIGN_IN_REQUIRED_MESSAGE),
+    resolve: () => catalogMatch(SIGN_IN_REQUIRED_CATALOG_ID)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (_info, message) => message.startsWith(RATE_LIMITED_PREFIX),
+    resolve: (_info, message) =>
+      catalogMatchWithMessageFallback(RATE_LIMITED_CATALOG_ID, message)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (info, message) =>
+      info.exceptionType === 'PreprocessingTimeout' ||
+      PREPROCESSING_TIMEOUT_MESSAGES.has(message),
+    resolve: () => catalogMatch(PREPROCESSING_TIMEOUT_CATALOG_ID)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (_info, message) =>
+      message === PREPROCESSING_FAILED_MESSAGE ||
+      startsWithAny(message, PREPROCESSING_FAILED_PREFIXES),
+    resolve: (_info, message) =>
+      message === PREPROCESSING_FAILED_MESSAGE
+        ? catalogMatch(PREPROCESSING_FAILED_CATALOG_ID)
+        : catalogMatchWithMessageFallback(
+            PREPROCESSING_FAILED_CATALOG_ID,
+            message
+          )
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (info, message) =>
+      info.exceptionType === 'PanicError' &&
+      message.startsWith(MODEL_DOWNLOAD_PANIC_PREFIX),
+    resolve: (_info, message) =>
+      catalogMatchWithMessageFallback(MODEL_DOWNLOAD_FAILED_CATALOG_ID, message)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (_info, message) => isContentBlockedError(message),
+    resolve: (_info, message) =>
+      catalogMatchWithMessageFallback(CONTENT_BLOCKED_CATALOG_ID, message)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (_info, message) => startsWithAny(message, START_FAILED_PREFIXES),
+    resolve: (_info, message) =>
+      catalogMatchWithMessageFallback(RUN_START_FAILED_CATALOG_ID, message)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (_info, message) =>
+      startsWithAny(message, REQUEST_FAILED_PREFIXES) &&
+      !hasEmbeddedApiErrorPayload(message),
+    resolve: (_info, message) =>
+      catalogMatchWithMessageFallback(REQUEST_FAILED_CATALOG_ID, message)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (_info, message) => message === RUN_START_FAILED_MESSAGE,
+    resolve: () => catalogMatch(RUN_START_FAILED_CATALOG_ID)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (_info, message) => message === RUN_ENDED_UNEXPECTEDLY_MESSAGE,
+    resolve: () => catalogMatch(RUN_ENDED_UNEXPECTEDLY_CATALOG_ID)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (info, message) =>
+      info.exceptionType === 'PanicError' &&
+      message.startsWith('panic during job execution:'),
+    resolve: (_info, message) =>
+      catalogMatchWithMessageFallback(
+        RUN_ENDED_UNEXPECTEDLY_CATALOG_ID,
+        message
+      )
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (_info, message) => TIMEOUT_MESSAGES.has(message),
+    resolve: () => catalogMatch(TIMEOUT_CATALOG_ID)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (_info, message) => GENERATION_STALLED_MESSAGES.has(message),
+    resolve: () => catalogMatch(GENERATION_STALLED_CATALOG_ID)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (_info, message) => SERVER_CRASHED_MESSAGES.has(message),
+    resolve: () => catalogMatch(SERVER_CRASHED_CATALOG_ID)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (_info, message) =>
+      startsWithAny(message, SERVER_CRASHED_PREFIXES),
+    resolve: (_info, message) =>
+      catalogMatchWithMessageFallback(SERVER_CRASHED_CATALOG_ID, message)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (_info, message) => SERVER_BUSY_MESSAGES.has(message),
+    resolve: () => catalogMatch(SERVER_BUSY_CATALOG_ID)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (info, message) =>
+      info.exceptionType === 'UnexpectedServiceError' ||
+      message === UNEXPECTED_SERVICE_ERROR_MESSAGE,
+    resolve: () => catalogMatch(UNEXPECTED_SERVICE_ERROR_CATALOG_ID)
+  },
+  {
+    matches: (info, message) =>
+      message === REQUEST_FAILED_MESSAGE ||
+      (info.exceptionType === 'RequestError' &&
+        !hasEmbeddedApiErrorPayload(message)),
+    resolve: (_info, message) =>
+      message === REQUEST_FAILED_MESSAGE
+        ? catalogMatch(REQUEST_FAILED_CATALOG_ID)
+        : catalogMatchWithMessageFallback(REQUEST_FAILED_CATALOG_ID, message)
+  }
+]
+
+export function resolveRuntimeCatalogMatch(
+  info: RuntimeErrorInfo
+): RuntimeCatalogMatch | undefined {
+  const message = info.exceptionMessage.trim()
+
+  for (const rule of RUNTIME_MATCH_RULES) {
+    if (rule.matches(info, message)) return rule.resolve(info, message)
+  }
+
+  return undefined
+}

src/platform/errorCatalog/types.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-import type { NodeError, PromptError } from '@/schemas/apiSchema'
+import type {
+  ExecutionErrorWsMessage,
+  NodeError,
+  PromptError
+} from '@/schemas/apiSchema'
 import type {
   MissingMediaGroup,
   MediaType
@@ -40,6 +44,12 @@ export type RunErrorMessageSource =
       error: PromptError
       isCloud: boolean
     }
+  | {
+      kind: 'execution'
+      error: ExecutionErrorWsMessage
+      nodeDisplayName: string
+      isCloud: boolean
+    }
 
 export type MissingErrorMessageSource =
   | {

src/platform/errorCatalog/validationErrorResolver.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,347 @@
+import type { NodeValidationError, ResolvedErrorMessage } from './types'
+
+import {
+  IMAGE_NOT_LOADED_CATALOG_ID,
+  MISSING_CONNECTION_CATALOG_ID
+} from './catalogIds'
+import {
+  normalizeNodeName,
+  translateCatalogMessage,
+  translateOptionalCatalogMessage
+} from './catalogI18n'
+import type { CatalogParams, ErrorResolveContext } from './catalogI18n'
+
+const REQUIRED_INPUT_MISSING_TYPE = 'required_input_missing'
+
+// Resolves node validation errors. Most validation types map 1:1 to their
+// catalog/locale keys; FE-specific recategorization uses a separate catalogId,
+// such as required_input_missing -> missing_connection.
+interface ValidationCatalogRule {
+  catalogId: string
+  itemLabel: 'node' | 'nodeInput'
+  copyKeys?: CopyKeys
+}
+
+interface CopyKeys {
+  detailsKey: string
+  toastMessageKey: string
+}
+
+const DEFAULT_COPY_KEYS: CopyKeys = {
+  detailsKey: 'details',
+  toastMessageKey: 'toastMessage'
+}
+
+const VALUE_SPECIFIC_COPY_RULES: Record<
+  string,
+  {
+    requiredParams: string[]
+    suffix: 'WithTypes' | 'WithValue'
+  }
+> = {
+  return_type_mismatch: {
+    requiredParams: ['expectedType', 'receivedType'],
+    suffix: 'WithTypes'
+  },
+  invalid_input_type: {
+    requiredParams: ['receivedValue', 'expectedType'],
+    suffix: 'WithValue'
+  },
+  value_smaller_than_min: {
+    requiredParams: ['receivedValue', 'minValue'],
+    suffix: 'WithValue'
+  },
+  value_bigger_than_max: {
+    requiredParams: ['receivedValue', 'maxValue'],
+    suffix: 'WithValue'
+  },
+  value_not_in_list: {
+    requiredParams: ['receivedValue'],
+    suffix: 'WithValue'
+  }
+}
+
+const VALIDATION_ERROR_RULES: Record<string, ValidationCatalogRule> = {
+  [REQUIRED_INPUT_MISSING_TYPE]: {
+    catalogId: MISSING_CONNECTION_CATALOG_ID,
+    itemLabel: 'nodeInput'
+  },
+  bad_linked_input: {
+    catalogId: 'bad_linked_input',
+    itemLabel: 'nodeInput'
+  },
+  return_type_mismatch: {
+    catalogId: 'return_type_mismatch',
+    itemLabel: 'nodeInput'
+  },
+  invalid_input_type: {
+    catalogId: 'invalid_input_type',
+    itemLabel: 'nodeInput'
+  },
+  value_smaller_than_min: {
+    catalogId: 'value_smaller_than_min',
+    itemLabel: 'nodeInput'
+  },
+  value_bigger_than_max: {
+    catalogId: 'value_bigger_than_max',
+    itemLabel: 'nodeInput'
+  },
+  value_not_in_list: {
+    catalogId: 'value_not_in_list',
+    itemLabel: 'nodeInput'
+  },
+  custom_validation_failed: {
+    catalogId: 'custom_validation_failed',
+    itemLabel: 'nodeInput'
+  },
+  exception_during_inner_validation: {
+    catalogId: 'exception_during_inner_validation',
+    itemLabel: 'nodeInput'
+  },
+  exception_during_validation: {
+    catalogId: 'exception_during_validation',
+    itemLabel: 'node'
+  },
+  dependency_cycle: {
+    catalogId: 'dependency_cycle',
+    itemLabel: 'node'
+  }
+}
+
+// Image-not-loaded shares the custom_validation_failed type, so type-keyed
+// dispatch cannot distinguish it. The override also keeps it on default copy
+// keys instead of custom_validation_failed's raw-details variant.
+const IMAGE_NOT_LOADED_VALIDATION_RULE = {
+  catalogId: IMAGE_NOT_LOADED_CATALOG_ID,
+  itemLabel: 'node',
+  copyKeys: DEFAULT_COPY_KEYS
+} satisfies ValidationCatalogRule
+
+function getInputName(error: NodeValidationError): string {
+  const inputName = error.extra_info?.input_name
+  return (
+    inputName?.trim() ||
+    translateCatalogMessage('errorCatalog.fallbacks.inputName', 'unknown input')
+  )
+}
+
+function getErrorText(error: NodeValidationError) {
+  return [
+    'message' in error ? error.message : undefined,
+    'details' in error ? error.details : undefined
+  ]
+    .filter(Boolean)
+    .join('\n')
+}
+
+function isImageNotLoadedText(text: string): boolean {
+  return /invalid image file|\[errno 21\].*is a directory/i.test(text)
+}
+
+function isImageNotLoadedValidationError(error: NodeValidationError): boolean {
+  return (
+    error.type === 'custom_validation_failed' &&
+    isImageNotLoadedText(getErrorText(error))
+  )
+}
+
+function nodeInputItemLabel(nodeName: string, inputName: string): string {
+  return `${nodeName} - ${inputName}`
+}
+
+function formatDependencyCycleDetails(details: string): string {
+  // Dependency cycle paths may be reported as "node -> node"; catalog copy
+  // embeds those paths in prose, where "to" reads more naturally.
+  return details.replace(/\s*->\s*/g, ' to ')
+}
+
+function formatCatalogValue(value: unknown): string | undefined {
+  if (value === undefined || value === null) return undefined
+  if (typeof value === 'string') return value
+  if (typeof value === 'number' || typeof value === 'boolean') {
+    return String(value)
+  }
+
+  try {
+    return JSON.stringify(value)
+  } catch {
+    return undefined
+  }
+}
+
+function getInputConfigValue(
+  error: NodeValidationError,
+  key: 'min' | 'max'
+): string | undefined {
+  const inputConfig = error.extra_info?.input_config
+  if (!Array.isArray(inputConfig)) return undefined
+
+  const config = inputConfig[1]
+  if (!config || typeof config !== 'object') return undefined
+
+  return formatCatalogValue((config as Record<string, unknown>)[key])
+}
+
+function getInputConfigType(error: NodeValidationError): string | undefined {
+  const inputConfig = error.extra_info?.input_config
+  if (!Array.isArray(inputConfig)) return undefined
+
+  return formatCatalogValue(inputConfig[0])
+}
+
+function getValidationParams(
+  error: NodeValidationError,
+  nodeName: string,
+  inputName: string
+): CatalogParams {
+  const params: CatalogParams = { nodeName, inputName }
+  const receivedValue = formatCatalogValue(error.extra_info?.received_value)
+  const receivedType = formatCatalogValue(error.extra_info?.received_type)
+  const expectedType = getInputConfigType(error)
+  const minValue = getInputConfigValue(error, 'min')
+  const maxValue = getInputConfigValue(error, 'max')
+
+  if (receivedValue !== undefined) params.receivedValue = receivedValue
+  if (receivedType !== undefined) params.receivedType = receivedType
+  if (expectedType !== undefined) params.expectedType = expectedType
+  if (minValue !== undefined) params.minValue = minValue
+  if (maxValue !== undefined) params.maxValue = maxValue
+
+  return params
+}
+
+function hasParams(params: CatalogParams, keys: string[]): boolean {
+  return keys.every((key) => params[key] !== undefined)
+}
+
+function getValueSpecificCopyKeys(
+  errorType: string,
+  params: CatalogParams
+): CopyKeys {
+  const rule = VALUE_SPECIFIC_COPY_RULES[errorType]
+  if (!rule || !hasParams(params, rule.requiredParams)) return DEFAULT_COPY_KEYS
+
+  return {
+    detailsKey: `details${rule.suffix}`,
+    toastMessageKey: `toastMessage${rule.suffix}`
+  }
+}
+
+function getRawDetailsCopyKeys(error: NodeValidationError): CopyKeys {
+  return error.details.trim()
+    ? {
+        detailsKey: 'detailsWithRawDetails',
+        toastMessageKey: 'toastMessageWithRawDetails'
+      }
+    : DEFAULT_COPY_KEYS
+}
+
+function getRawDetailsOnlyCopyKeys(error: NodeValidationError): CopyKeys {
+  if (!error.details.trim()) return DEFAULT_COPY_KEYS
+
+  return {
+    detailsKey: 'detailsWithRawDetails',
+    toastMessageKey: 'toastMessage'
+  }
+}
+
+function getValidationCopyKeys(
+  error: NodeValidationError,
+  params: CatalogParams
+): CopyKeys {
+  if (
+    error.type === 'exception_during_validation' ||
+    error.type === 'exception_during_inner_validation'
+  ) {
+    return getRawDetailsCopyKeys(error)
+  }
+
+  if (error.type === 'custom_validation_failed') {
+    return getRawDetailsOnlyCopyKeys(error)
+  }
+
+  if (error.type === 'dependency_cycle') {
+    return getRawDetailsOnlyCopyKeys(error)
+  }
+
+  return getValueSpecificCopyKeys(error.type, params)
+}
+
+function resolveValidationCatalogCopy(
+  error: NodeValidationError,
+  context: ErrorResolveContext,
+  localeKey: string,
+  rule: ValidationCatalogRule
+): ResolvedErrorMessage {
+  const nodeName = normalizeNodeName(context.nodeDisplayName)
+  const inputName = getInputName(error)
+  const trimmedDetails = error.details.trim()
+  const rawDetails =
+    error.type === 'dependency_cycle'
+      ? formatDependencyCycleDetails(trimmedDetails)
+      : trimmedDetails
+  const params = {
+    ...getValidationParams(error, nodeName, inputName),
+    rawDetails
+  }
+  const keyPrefix = `errorCatalog.validationErrors.${localeKey}`
+  const titleFallback = error.message || error.type
+  const itemLabelFallback =
+    rule.itemLabel === 'node'
+      ? nodeName
+      : nodeInputItemLabel(nodeName, inputName)
+  const copyKeys = rule.copyKeys ?? getValidationCopyKeys(error, params)
+
+  return {
+    catalogId: rule.catalogId,
+    displayTitle: translateCatalogMessage(
+      `${keyPrefix}.title`,
+      titleFallback,
+      params
+    ),
+    displayMessage: translateCatalogMessage(
+      `${keyPrefix}.message`,
+      error.message,
+      params
+    ),
+    displayDetails: translateOptionalCatalogMessage(
+      `${keyPrefix}.${copyKeys.detailsKey}`,
+      error.details,
+      params
+    ),
+    displayItemLabel: translateCatalogMessage(
+      `${keyPrefix}.itemLabel`,
+      itemLabelFallback,
+      params
+    ),
+    toastTitle: translateCatalogMessage(
+      `${keyPrefix}.toastTitle`,
+      titleFallback,
+      params
+    ),
+    toastMessage: translateCatalogMessage(
+      `${keyPrefix}.${copyKeys.toastMessageKey}`,
+      error.message,
+      params
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+export function resolveNodeValidationErrorMessage(
+  error: NodeValidationError,
+  context: ErrorResolveContext
+): ResolvedErrorMessage {
+  if (isImageNotLoadedValidationError(error)) {
+    return resolveValidationCatalogCopy(
+      error,
+      context,
+      'image_not_loaded',
+      IMAGE_NOT_LOADED_VALIDATION_RULE
+    )
+  }
+
+  const rule = VALIDATION_ERROR_RULES[error.type]
+  if (!rule) return {}
+
+  return resolveValidationCatalogCopy(error, context, error.type, rule)
+}