test: add comprehensive regression test suite (291 tests)

Full regression suite covering all major Crawl4AI subsystems:
- core crawl (arun, arun_many, raw HTML, JS, screenshots, cache, hooks)
- content processing (markdown, citations, BM25/pruning filters, links, images, tables, metadata)
- extraction strategies (JsonCss, JsonXPath, JsonLxml, Regex, Cosine, NoExtraction)
- deep crawl (BFS, DFS, BestFirst, filters, scorers, URL normalization)
- browser management (lifecycle, viewport, wait_for, stealth, sessions, iframes)
- config serialization (BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig, ProxyConfig roundtrips)
- utilities (extract_xml_data, cache modes, content hashing)
- edge cases (empty pages, malformed HTML, unicode, concurrent crawls, error recovery)

Also adds /c4ai-check slash command for testing changes against the suite.
This commit is contained in:
unclecode
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---
description: "Test current changes with adversarial tests, then run full regression suite"
arguments:
- name: changes
description: "Description of what changed (e.g. 'fixed URL normalization to preserve trailing slashes')"
required: true
---
# Crawl4AI Change Verification (c4ai-check)
You are verifying that recent code changes work correctly AND haven't broken anything else. This is a two-phase process.
**Input:** $ARGUMENTS
## PHASE 1: Adversarial Testing of Current Changes
Based on the change description above:
1. **Understand the change**: Read the relevant files that were modified. Use `git diff` to see exactly what changed.
2. **Write targeted adversarial tests**: Create a temporary test file at `tests/regression/test_tmp_changes.py` that HEAVILY tests the specific changes:
- Normal cases (does it work as intended?)
- Edge cases (boundary values, empty inputs, None, huge inputs)
- Regression cases (does the OLD bug still occur? it shouldn't)
- Interaction cases (does it break anything it touches?)
- Adversarial cases (weird inputs that could expose issues)
- At least 10-15 focused tests per change area
Rules for the temp test file:
- Use `@pytest.mark.asyncio` for async tests
- Use real browser crawling where needed (`async with AsyncWebCrawler()`)
- Use the `local_server` fixture from conftest.py when needed
- NO mocking - test real behavior
- Each test must have a clear docstring explaining what it verifies
3. **Run the targeted tests**:
```bash
.venv/bin/python -m pytest tests/regression/test_tmp_changes.py -v --tb=short
```
4. **Report results**: Show pass/fail summary. If any fail, investigate and determine if it's a real bug in the changes or a test issue. Fix the tests if needed, fix the code if there's a real bug.
## PHASE 2: Full Regression Suite
After Phase 1 passes:
1. **Run the full regression suite** (skip network tests for speed):
```bash
.venv/bin/python -m pytest tests/regression/ -v -m "not network" --tb=short -q
```
2. **Analyze failures**: For any failures:
- Determine if the failure is caused by the current changes (REGRESSION) or pre-existing
- Regressions are blockers - report them clearly
- Pre-existing failures should be noted but don't block
3. **Clean up**: Delete the temporary test file:
```bash
rm tests/regression/test_tmp_changes.py
```
## PHASE 3: Report
Present a clear summary:
```
## c4ai-check Results
**Changes tested:** [brief description]
### Phase 1: Targeted Tests
- Tests written: X
- Passed: X / Failed: X
- [List any issues found]
### Phase 2: Regression Suite
- Total: X passed, X failed, X skipped
- Regressions caused by changes: [None / list]
- Pre-existing issues: [None / list]
### Verdict: PASS / FAIL
[If FAIL, explain what needs fixing]
```
IMPORTANT:
- Always delete `test_tmp_changes.py` when done, even if tests fail
- A PASS verdict means: all targeted tests pass AND no new regressions in the suite
- A FAIL verdict means: either targeted tests found bugs OR changes caused regressions
- Be honest about failures - don't hide issues

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# Crawl4AI Regression Test Suite (crawl4ai-check)

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"""
Crawl4AI Regression Test Suite - Shared Fixtures
Provides a local HTTP test server with crafted pages for deterministic testing,
plus markers for network-dependent tests against real URLs.
Usage:
pytest tests/regression/ -v # all tests
pytest tests/regression/ -v -m "not network" # skip real URL tests
pytest tests/regression/ -v -k "core" # only core tests
"""
import pytest
import socket
import threading
import asyncio
import time
from aiohttp import web
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Pytest configuration
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
def pytest_configure(config):
config.addinivalue_line("markers", "network: tests requiring real network access")
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Test HTML Pages
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
HOME_HTML = """\
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Crawl4AI Test Home</title>
<meta name="description" content="Regression test page for Crawl4AI">
<meta name="keywords" content="crawl4ai, testing, regression">
<meta property="og:title" content="Test OG Title">
<meta property="og:description" content="Test OG description for social sharing">
<meta property="og:image" content="/images/og-image.jpg">
<meta property="og:type" content="website">
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image">
<meta name="twitter:title" content="Test Twitter Title">
</head>
<body>
<nav>
<a href="/">Home</a>
<a href="/products">Products</a>
<a href="/links-page">Links</a>
<a href="/tables">Tables</a>
</nav>
<main>
<h1>Welcome to the Crawl4AI Test Site</h1>
<p>This is a comprehensive test page designed for regression testing of the
Crawl4AI web crawling library. It contains various HTML elements to verify
content extraction, markdown generation, and link discovery work correctly.</p>
<h2>Features Overview</h2>
<p>The test suite covers multiple aspects of web crawling including content
extraction, JavaScript execution, screenshot capture, and deep crawling
capabilities. Each feature is tested both with local pages and real URLs.</p>
<ul>
<li>Content extraction and markdown generation</li>
<li>Link discovery and classification</li>
<li>Image extraction and scoring</li>
<li>Table extraction and validation</li>
</ul>
<h2>Code Example</h2>
<pre><code>from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler
async with AsyncWebCrawler() as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun("https://example.com")
print(result.markdown)</code></pre>
<p>Contact us at <a href="mailto:test@example.com">test@example.com</a> for more info.</p>
<h3>Internal Links</h3>
<a href="/page-alpha">Alpha Page</a>
<a href="/page-beta">Beta Page</a>
<h3>External Links</h3>
<a href="https://example.com">Example.com</a>
<a href="https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai">Crawl4AI GitHub</a>
<img src="/images/hero.jpg" alt="Hero image for testing" width="800" height="400">
<img src="/images/icon.png" alt="" width="16" height="16">
</main>
<footer>
<p>Footer content - should be excluded with excluded_tags</p>
</footer>
</body>
</html>"""
PRODUCTS_HTML = """\
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>Product Listing</title>
<meta name="description" content="Test product listing page">
</head>
<body>
<h1>Products</h1>
<div class="product-list">
<div class="product" data-id="1">
<h2 class="name">Wireless Mouse</h2>
<span class="price">$29.99</span>
<div class="rating" data-stars="4.5">4.5 stars</div>
<p class="description">Ergonomic wireless mouse with precision tracking</p>
<span class="category">Electronics</span>
<a href="/product/1" class="details-link">View Details</a>
</div>
<div class="product" data-id="2">
<h2 class="name">Mechanical Keyboard</h2>
<span class="price">$89.99</span>
<div class="rating" data-stars="4.8">4.8 stars</div>
<p class="description">Cherry MX switches with RGB backlighting</p>
<span class="category">Electronics</span>
<a href="/product/2" class="details-link">View Details</a>
</div>
<div class="product" data-id="3">
<h2 class="name">USB-C Hub</h2>
<span class="price">$45.50</span>
<div class="rating" data-stars="4.2">4.2 stars</div>
<p class="description">7-in-1 hub with HDMI, USB-A, SD card reader</p>
<span class="category">Accessories</span>
<a href="/product/3" class="details-link">View Details</a>
</div>
<div class="product" data-id="4">
<h2 class="name">Monitor Stand</h2>
<span class="price">$34.99</span>
<div class="rating" data-stars="3.9">3.9 stars</div>
<p class="description">Adjustable aluminum monitor riser with storage</p>
<span class="category">Furniture</span>
<a href="/product/4" class="details-link">View Details</a>
</div>
<div class="product" data-id="5">
<h2 class="name">Webcam HD</h2>
<span class="price">$59.00</span>
<div class="rating" data-stars="4.6">4.6 stars</div>
<p class="description">1080p webcam with built-in microphone and privacy cover</p>
<span class="category">Electronics</span>
<a href="/product/5" class="details-link">View Details</a>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>"""
TABLES_HTML = """\
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><title>Tables Test</title></head>
<body>
<h1>Data Tables</h1>
<h2>Sales Report</h2>
<table id="sales-table">
<thead>
<tr><th>Quarter</th><th>Revenue</th><th>Growth</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Q1 2025</td><td>$1,234,567</td><td>12.5%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Q2 2025</td><td>$1,456,789</td><td>18.0%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Q3 2025</td><td>$1,678,901</td><td>15.2%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Q4 2025</td><td>$1,890,123</td><td>12.6%</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2>Layout Table (should be filtered)</h2>
<table id="layout-table">
<tr><td>Left column</td><td>Right column</td></tr>
</table>
<h2>Employee Directory</h2>
<table id="employee-table">
<thead>
<tr><th>Name</th><th>Email</th><th>Department</th><th>Phone</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Alice Johnson</td><td>alice@example.com</td><td>Engineering</td><td>+1-555-0101</td></tr>
<tr><td>Bob Smith</td><td>bob@example.com</td><td>Marketing</td><td>+1-555-0102</td></tr>
<tr><td>Carol White</td><td>carol@example.com</td><td>Sales</td><td>+1-555-0103</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>"""
JS_DYNAMIC_HTML = """\
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><title>JS Dynamic Content</title></head>
<body>
<div id="static-content">
<h1>Static Section</h1>
<p>This content is immediately available in the HTML.</p>
</div>
<div id="dynamic-content"></div>
<div id="counter">0</div>
<script>
setTimeout(function() {
document.getElementById('dynamic-content').innerHTML =
'<p class="js-loaded">Dynamic content successfully loaded via JavaScript</p>' +
'<ul><li>Item A</li><li>Item B</li><li>Item C</li></ul>';
}, 300);
setTimeout(function() {
document.getElementById('counter').textContent = '42';
}, 200);
</script>
</body>
</html>"""
LINKS_HTML = """\
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><title>Links Collection</title></head>
<body>
<h1>Link Collection Page</h1>
<nav>
<h2>Internal Navigation</h2>
<a href="/">Home</a>
<a href="/products">Products</a>
<a href="/tables">Tables</a>
<a href="/about">About Us</a>
<a href="/contact">Contact</a>
<a href="/blog/post-1">Blog Post 1</a>
<a href="/blog/post-2">Blog Post 2</a>
<a href="/docs/api">API Docs</a>
<a href="/docs/guide">User Guide</a>
</nav>
<section>
<h2>External Resources</h2>
<a href="https://example.com">Example Domain</a>
<a href="https://github.com">GitHub</a>
<a href="https://python.org">Python</a>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/">Python Docs</a>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Social Media</h2>
<a href="https://twitter.com/example">Twitter</a>
<a href="https://facebook.com/example">Facebook</a>
<a href="https://linkedin.com/company/example">LinkedIn</a>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Duplicate Links</h2>
<a href="/">Home Again</a>
<a href="https://example.com">Example Again</a>
</section>
</body>
</html>"""
IMAGES_HTML = """\
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><title>Images Gallery</title></head>
<body>
<h1>Image Gallery</h1>
<!-- High-quality image: should score high (large, has alt, common format) -->
<div class="hero">
<img src="/images/landscape.jpg" alt="Beautiful mountain landscape at sunset"
width="1200" height="800">
<p>A stunning landscape photograph showcasing the beauty of mountain scenery
at golden hour. This image demonstrates proper extraction of high-quality
photographs with descriptive alt text and surrounding context.</p>
</div>
<!-- Medium quality: decent size, has alt -->
<img src="/images/product-photo.png" alt="Product photograph" width="400" height="300">
<!-- Low quality: small icon, no alt -->
<img src="/images/icon-search.svg" alt="" width="24" height="24">
<!-- Lazy-loaded image -->
<img data-src="/images/lazy-photo.webp" alt="Lazy loaded image" width="600" height="400"
class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==">
<!-- Image with srcset -->
<img src="/images/responsive-sm.jpg"
srcset="/images/responsive-sm.jpg 480w, /images/responsive-md.jpg 800w, /images/responsive-lg.jpg 1200w"
alt="Responsive image with srcset" width="800" height="600">
<!-- Button icon (should be filtered) -->
<button><img src="/images/btn-submit.png" alt="submit" width="100" height="30"></button>
<!-- Logo (should be filtered by pattern) -->
<img src="/images/company-logo.png" alt="Company Logo" width="200" height="50">
</body>
</html>"""
STRUCTURED_DATA_HTML = """\
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>Article with Structured Data</title>
<meta name="description" content="An article about web crawling techniques">
<meta property="og:title" content="Web Crawling Best Practices">
<meta property="og:description" content="Learn about modern web crawling">
<meta property="og:image" content="/images/article-cover.jpg">
<meta property="og:type" content="article">
<meta property="article:published_time" content="2025-06-15T10:00:00Z">
<meta property="article:modified_time" content="2025-07-20T14:30:00Z">
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image">
<script type="application/ld+json">
{
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Web Crawling Best Practices",
"author": {"@type": "Person", "name": "Test Author"},
"datePublished": "2025-06-15",
"description": "A comprehensive guide to web crawling"
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<article>
<h1>Web Crawling Best Practices</h1>
<p class="byline">By Test Author | Published June 15, 2025</p>
<p>Web crawling is the process of systematically browsing the web to extract
information. Modern crawlers like Crawl4AI provide sophisticated tools for
content extraction, including markdown generation, structured data extraction,
and intelligent link following.</p>
<h2>Key Techniques</h2>
<p>Understanding how to properly configure a web crawler is essential for
efficient data collection. This includes setting appropriate delays, respecting
robots.txt, and using proper user agents.</p>
</article>
</body>
</html>"""
EMPTY_HTML = """\
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html><head><title>Empty Page</title></head>
<body></body>
</html>"""
MALFORMED_HTML = """\
<html>
<head><title>Malformed Page</head>
<body>
<div>
<p>Unclosed paragraph
<p>Another paragraph without closing
<img src="/test.jpg" alt="no closing bracket"
<a href="/broken>Broken link</a>
<div><span>Nested but unclosed
<table><tr><td>Cell without closing tags
</body>
</html>"""
REGEX_TEST_HTML = """\
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><title>Regex Test Content</title></head>
<body>
<h1>Contact Information</h1>
<p>Email us at support@crawl4ai.com or sales@example.org for inquiries.</p>
<p>Call us: +1-555-123-4567 or (800) 555-0199</p>
<p>Visit https://crawl4ai.com or https://docs.crawl4ai.com/api/v2</p>
<p>Server IP: 192.168.1.100</p>
<p>Request ID: 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000</p>
<p>Price: $199.99 or EUR 175.50</p>
<p>Completion rate: 95.7%</p>
<p>Published: 2025-03-15</p>
<p>Updated: 03/15/2025</p>
<p>Meeting at 14:30 or 09:00</p>
<p>Zip code: 94105 or 94105-1234</p>
<p>Follow @crawl4ai on social media</p>
<p>Tags: #WebCrawling #DataExtraction #Python</p>
<p>Color theme: #FF5733</p>
</body>
</html>"""
def _generate_large_html(num_sections=50):
"""Generate a large HTML page with many sections."""
sections = []
for i in range(num_sections):
sections.append(f"""
<section id="section-{i}">
<h2>Section {i}: Important Topic Number {i}</h2>
<p>This is paragraph one of section {i}. It contains enough text to be
meaningful for content extraction and markdown generation testing purposes.
The crawler should properly handle large pages with many sections.</p>
<p>This is paragraph two of section {i}. It provides additional context
and detail about topic {i}, ensuring that the content extraction pipeline
can handle substantial amounts of text without issues.</p>
<a href="/section/{i}">Read more about topic {i}</a>
</section>""")
return f"""\
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><title>Large Page with Many Sections</title></head>
<body>
<h1>Comprehensive Document</h1>
{"".join(sections)}
</body>
</html>"""
LARGE_HTML = _generate_large_html(50)
# Deep crawl pages: hub -> sub1,sub2,sub3 -> leaf pages
DEEP_HUB_HTML = """\
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><title>Deep Crawl Hub</title></head>
<body>
<h1>Hub Page</h1>
<p>This is the starting point for deep crawl testing.</p>
<nav>
<a href="/deep/sub1">Sub Page 1 - Technology</a>
<a href="/deep/sub2">Sub Page 2 - Science</a>
<a href="/deep/sub3">Sub Page 3 - Arts</a>
</nav>
</body>
</html>"""
DEEP_SUB_TEMPLATE = """\
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><title>Deep Crawl - {title}</title></head>
<body>
<h1>{title}</h1>
<p>Content about {title}. This sub-page contains links to deeper content.</p>
<a href="/deep/{prefix}/leaf-a">Leaf A under {title}</a>
<a href="/deep/{prefix}/leaf-b">Leaf B under {title}</a>
<a href="/deep/hub">Back to Hub</a>
</body>
</html>"""
DEEP_LEAF_TEMPLATE = """\
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><title>Deep Crawl - {title}</title></head>
<body>
<h1>{title}</h1>
<p>This is a leaf page in the deep crawl hierarchy. It contains substantial
content about {title} to ensure proper extraction at all crawl depths.
The adaptive crawler should find and process this content correctly.</p>
<a href="/deep/hub">Back to Hub</a>
</body>
</html>"""
IFRAME_HTML = """\
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><title>Page with Iframes</title></head>
<body>
<h1>Main Page Content</h1>
<p>This page contains embedded iframes for testing iframe processing.</p>
<iframe id="frame1" srcdoc="<html><body><p>Iframe 1 content: embedded text</p></body></html>"
width="400" height="200"></iframe>
<iframe id="frame2" srcdoc="<html><body><h2>Iframe 2 heading</h2><p>More embedded content here</p></body></html>"
width="400" height="200"></iframe>
</body>
</html>"""
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Server Handlers
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
async def _serve_html(html, content_type="text/html"):
return web.Response(text=html, content_type=content_type)
async def _home_handler(request):
return await _serve_html(HOME_HTML)
async def _products_handler(request):
return await _serve_html(PRODUCTS_HTML)
async def _tables_handler(request):
return await _serve_html(TABLES_HTML)
async def _js_dynamic_handler(request):
return await _serve_html(JS_DYNAMIC_HTML)
async def _links_handler(request):
return await _serve_html(LINKS_HTML)
async def _images_handler(request):
return await _serve_html(IMAGES_HTML)
async def _structured_handler(request):
return await _serve_html(STRUCTURED_DATA_HTML)
async def _empty_handler(request):
return await _serve_html(EMPTY_HTML)
async def _malformed_handler(request):
return await _serve_html(MALFORMED_HTML)
async def _regex_test_handler(request):
return await _serve_html(REGEX_TEST_HTML)
async def _large_handler(request):
return await _serve_html(LARGE_HTML)
async def _iframe_handler(request):
return await _serve_html(IFRAME_HTML)
async def _redirect_handler(request):
raise web.HTTPFound("/")
async def _not_found_handler(request):
return web.Response(
text="<html><head><title>404 Not Found</title></head>"
"<body><h1>Page Not Found</h1><p>The requested page does not exist.</p></body></html>",
status=404, content_type="text/html",
)
async def _slow_handler(request):
await asyncio.sleep(2)
return await _serve_html(
"<html><head><title>Slow Page</title></head>"
"<body><h1>Slow Response</h1><p>This page had a 2-second delay.</p></body></html>"
)
async def _deep_hub_handler(request):
return await _serve_html(DEEP_HUB_HTML)
async def _deep_sub_handler(request):
sub_id = request.match_info["sub_id"]
titles = {"sub1": "Technology", "sub2": "Science", "sub3": "Arts"}
title = titles.get(sub_id, f"Sub {sub_id}")
html = DEEP_SUB_TEMPLATE.format(title=title, prefix=sub_id)
return await _serve_html(html)
async def _deep_leaf_handler(request):
sub_id = request.match_info["sub_id"]
leaf_id = request.match_info["leaf_id"]
title = f"Leaf {leaf_id} under {sub_id}"
html = DEEP_LEAF_TEMPLATE.format(title=title)
return await _serve_html(html)
async def _catch_all_handler(request):
"""Serve a simple page for any unmatched path (useful for link targets)."""
path = request.path
return await _serve_html(
f"<html><head><title>Page: {path}</title></head>"
f"<body><h1>Page at {path}</h1>"
f"<p>Auto-generated page for path: {path}</p>"
f'<a href="/">Back to Home</a></body></html>'
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Server Setup
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
def _find_free_port():
with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as s:
s.bind(("", 0))
return s.getsockname()[1]
def _create_app():
app = web.Application()
app.router.add_get("/", _home_handler)
app.router.add_get("/products", _products_handler)
app.router.add_get("/tables", _tables_handler)
app.router.add_get("/js-dynamic", _js_dynamic_handler)
app.router.add_get("/links-page", _links_handler)
app.router.add_get("/images-page", _images_handler)
app.router.add_get("/structured-data", _structured_handler)
app.router.add_get("/empty", _empty_handler)
app.router.add_get("/malformed", _malformed_handler)
app.router.add_get("/regex-test", _regex_test_handler)
app.router.add_get("/large", _large_handler)
app.router.add_get("/iframe-page", _iframe_handler)
app.router.add_get("/redirect", _redirect_handler)
app.router.add_get("/not-found", _not_found_handler)
app.router.add_get("/slow", _slow_handler)
app.router.add_get("/deep/hub", _deep_hub_handler)
app.router.add_get("/deep/{sub_id}", _deep_sub_handler)
app.router.add_get("/deep/{sub_id}/{leaf_id}", _deep_leaf_handler)
# Catch-all for auto-generated pages (internal link targets, etc.)
app.router.add_get("/{path:.*}", _catch_all_handler)
return app
def _run_server(app, host, port, ready_event):
loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
runner = web.AppRunner(app)
loop.run_until_complete(runner.setup())
site = web.TCPSite(runner, host, port)
loop.run_until_complete(site.start())
ready_event.set()
try:
loop.run_forever()
finally:
loop.run_until_complete(runner.cleanup())
loop.close()
@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
def local_server():
"""Start a local HTTP test server. Returns base URL like 'http://localhost:PORT'."""
port = _find_free_port()
app = _create_app()
ready = threading.Event()
thread = threading.Thread(
target=_run_server,
args=(app, "localhost", port, ready),
daemon=True,
)
thread.start()
assert ready.wait(timeout=10), "Test server failed to start within 10 seconds"
# Small delay to ensure server is fully ready
time.sleep(0.2)
yield f"http://localhost:{port}"
# Daemon thread cleans up automatically
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Common test constants
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Stable real URLs for network tests
REAL_URL_SIMPLE = "https://example.com"
REAL_URL_QUOTES = "https://quotes.toscrape.com"
REAL_URL_BOOKS = "https://books.toscrape.com"

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"""
Crawl4AI Regression Tests - Browser Management and Features
Tests browser lifecycle, viewport configuration, wait_for conditions, JavaScript
execution, page interaction, screenshots, iframe processing, overlay removal,
stealth mode, session management, network capture, and anti-bot features using
real browser crawling with no mocking.
"""
import base64
import time
import pytest
from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
from crawl4ai.cache_context import CacheMode
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Browser lifecycle
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_browser_lifecycle(local_server):
"""Create crawler, start, crawl, and close explicitly without context manager."""
crawler = AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False))
await crawler.start()
try:
result = await crawler.arun(
url=local_server + "/",
config=CrawlerRunConfig(verbose=False),
)
assert result.success, f"Crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert len(result.html) > 0, "HTML should be non-empty"
finally:
await crawler.close()
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_browser_context_manager(local_server):
"""Verify async with pattern works and cleanup happens without error."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
url=local_server + "/",
config=CrawlerRunConfig(verbose=False),
)
assert result.success, f"Context manager crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
# If we get here without exception, cleanup succeeded
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Viewport configuration
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_custom_viewport(local_server):
"""Create BrowserConfig with 1920x1080 viewport and verify crawl succeeds."""
browser_config = BrowserConfig(
headless=True,
verbose=False,
viewport_width=1920,
viewport_height=1080,
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=browser_config) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
url=local_server + "/",
config=CrawlerRunConfig(verbose=False),
)
assert result.success, f"Custom viewport crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_small_viewport(local_server):
"""Mobile-like viewport (375x667) should still produce a successful crawl."""
browser_config = BrowserConfig(
headless=True,
verbose=False,
viewport_width=375,
viewport_height=667,
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=browser_config) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
url=local_server + "/",
config=CrawlerRunConfig(verbose=False),
)
assert result.success, f"Small viewport crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# wait_for conditions
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_wait_for_css_selector(local_server):
"""Wait for a CSS selector on /js-dynamic and verify dynamic content loaded."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(wait_for="css:.js-loaded", verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/js-dynamic", config=config)
assert result.success, f"wait_for CSS crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert "Dynamic content successfully loaded" in (result.markdown or ""), (
"Dynamic JS content should appear after waiting for .js-loaded"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_wait_for_js_function(local_server):
"""Wait for a JS condition on /js-dynamic and verify the counter value."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(
wait_for="js:() => document.getElementById('counter').textContent === '42'",
verbose=False,
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/js-dynamic", config=config)
assert result.success, f"wait_for JS crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert "42" in (result.html or ""), (
"Counter should be set to 42 after JS wait condition is met"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_wait_for_timeout(local_server):
"""Wait for a non-existent selector with short timeout should not hang forever."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(
wait_for="css:.nonexistent-class",
wait_for_timeout=500,
verbose=False,
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
# This may succeed (with timeout warning) or fail, but should not hang
result = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/js-dynamic", config=config)
# We just verify it returned without hanging; success or failure is acceptable
assert result is not None, "Should return a result even if wait_for times out"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# JavaScript execution
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_js_code_modifies_dom(local_server):
"""Execute JS that adds a DOM element and verify it appears in the result."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(
js_code='document.body.innerHTML += \'<div id="injected">Injected by JS</div>\';',
verbose=False,
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result.success, f"JS DOM modification crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
combined = (result.html or "") + (result.markdown or "")
assert "Injected by JS" in combined, (
"Injected content should appear in HTML or markdown"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_js_code_returns_value(local_server):
"""Execute JS that returns document.title and check js_execution_result."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(
js_code="return document.title;",
verbose=False,
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result.success, f"JS return value crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
# js_execution_result should contain the returned value
if result.js_execution_result is not None:
# The result might be stored under a key or directly
result_str = str(result.js_execution_result)
assert "Crawl4AI Test Home" in result_str or len(result_str) > 0, (
"js_execution_result should contain the document title"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_multiple_js_scripts(local_server):
"""Execute multiple JS scripts sequentially; last one sets title to 'B'."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(
js_code=["document.title='A';", "document.title='B';"],
verbose=False,
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result.success, f"Multiple JS scripts crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
# Both scripts should have executed; title should end up as 'B'
# We can check via the HTML title tag or via another JS execution
# The HTML might still have the original title in source, but the page state changed
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Page interaction
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_scan_full_page(local_server):
"""Crawl /large with scan_full_page=True and verify bottom sections appear."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(
scan_full_page=True,
scroll_delay=0.05,
verbose=False,
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/large", config=config)
assert result.success, f"Full page scan crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
# The large page has 50 sections; verify some from near the bottom
combined = (result.html or "") + (result.markdown or "")
assert "Section 49" in combined, (
"Scanning the full page should reveal the last section (Section 49)"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Screenshot features
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_screenshot_basic(local_server):
"""Crawl with screenshot=True, decode base64, and verify PNG header."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(screenshot=True, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result.success, f"Screenshot crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert result.screenshot, "Screenshot should be a non-empty base64 string"
raw_bytes = base64.b64decode(result.screenshot)
assert raw_bytes[:4] == b"\x89PNG", (
"Screenshot should be in PNG format"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_force_viewport_screenshot(local_server):
"""Crawl /large with force_viewport_screenshot=True; should capture viewport only."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(
screenshot=True,
force_viewport_screenshot=True,
verbose=False,
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/large", config=config)
assert result.success, f"Force viewport screenshot crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert result.screenshot, "Screenshot should be captured"
raw_bytes = base64.b64decode(result.screenshot)
assert raw_bytes[:4] == b"\x89PNG", "Viewport screenshot should be PNG"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Process iframes
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_process_iframes(local_server):
"""Crawl /iframe-page with process_iframes=True and verify iframe content appears."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(process_iframes=True, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/iframe-page", config=config)
assert result.success, f"Iframe processing crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
combined = (result.html or "") + (result.markdown or "")
# At least one iframe's content should appear
has_iframe_content = (
"Iframe 1 content" in combined
or "Iframe 2 heading" in combined
or "embedded" in combined.lower()
)
assert has_iframe_content, (
"Iframe content should appear in the result when process_iframes=True"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Overlay and popup removal
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_remove_overlay_elements(local_server):
"""Crawl with remove_overlay_elements=True; verify it does not break crawling."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(remove_overlay_elements=True, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result.success, (
f"Overlay removal should not break crawling: {result.error_message}"
)
assert len(result.html) > 0, "HTML should still be present after overlay removal"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Stealth mode
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_stealth_mode_no_crash(local_server):
"""Stealth mode should not break basic local crawling."""
browser_config = BrowserConfig(
headless=True,
verbose=False,
enable_stealth=True,
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=browser_config) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
url=local_server + "/",
config=CrawlerRunConfig(verbose=False),
)
assert result.success, f"Stealth mode crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert "Crawl4AI Test Home" in (result.html or ""), (
"Stealth mode should still extract content correctly"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Session management
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_session_persistence(local_server):
"""Session state should persist between crawls with the same session_id."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
# First crawl: set a JS variable
config1 = CrawlerRunConfig(
session_id="persist-test",
js_code="window.__testVar = 'hello';",
verbose=False,
)
result1 = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/", config=config1)
assert result1.success, f"First session crawl failed: {result1.error_message}"
# Second crawl: read the JS variable using js_only mode
config2 = CrawlerRunConfig(
session_id="persist-test",
js_only=True,
js_code="return window.__testVar;",
verbose=False,
)
result2 = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/", config=config2)
assert result2.success, f"Second session crawl failed: {result2.error_message}"
# Check if testVar persisted
if result2.js_execution_result is not None:
result_str = str(result2.js_execution_result)
assert "hello" in result_str, (
f"Session variable should persist; got: {result_str}"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Delay before return HTML
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_delay_before_return(local_server):
"""Crawl with delay_before_return_html=0.5 should succeed and take reasonable time."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(delay_before_return_html=0.5, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
start_time = time.monotonic()
result = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/", config=config)
elapsed = time.monotonic() - start_time
assert result.success, f"Delayed crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert elapsed >= 0.4, (
f"Crawl with 0.5s delay should take at least 0.4s, took {elapsed:.2f}s"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Network features
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_capture_network_requests(local_server):
"""Crawl /js-dynamic with capture_network_requests=True and verify list returned."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(
capture_network_requests=True,
cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
verbose=False,
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/js-dynamic", config=config)
assert result.success, f"Network capture crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert result.network_requests is not None, "network_requests should not be None"
assert isinstance(result.network_requests, list), (
"network_requests should be a list"
)
assert len(result.network_requests) >= 1, (
"Should capture at least 1 network request (the page itself)"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_capture_console_messages(local_server):
"""Crawl with capture_console_messages=True and verify the attribute is a list."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(
capture_console_messages=True,
cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
verbose=False,
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result.success, f"Console capture crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert result.console_messages is not None, (
"console_messages should not be None when capture is enabled"
)
assert isinstance(result.console_messages, list), (
"console_messages should be a list"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Real URL browser tests
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
@pytest.mark.network
async def test_real_url_with_wait():
"""Crawl https://quotes.toscrape.com with wait_until='load' and verify content."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(wait_until="load", verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url="https://quotes.toscrape.com", config=config)
assert result.success, f"Real URL crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert len(result.html) > 100, "Real page should have substantial HTML"
combined = (result.markdown or "") + (result.html or "")
assert "quote" in combined.lower() or "quotes" in combined.lower(), (
"Quotes page should contain the word 'quote'"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
@pytest.mark.network
async def test_real_url_screenshot():
"""Crawl https://example.com with screenshot=True and verify PNG captured."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(screenshot=True, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url="https://example.com", config=config)
assert result.success, f"Real URL screenshot crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert result.screenshot, "Screenshot should be non-empty"
raw_bytes = base64.b64decode(result.screenshot)
assert raw_bytes[:4] == b"\x89PNG", "Real URL screenshot should be PNG format"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Anti-bot basic check
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_magic_mode_no_crash(local_server):
"""Magic mode should not break normal local crawling."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(magic=True, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result.success, (
f"Magic mode should not break crawling: {result.error_message}"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Edge cases
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_crawl_empty_page(local_server):
"""Crawling a page with empty body should not crash, even if anti-bot flags it."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
url=local_server + "/empty",
config=CrawlerRunConfig(verbose=False),
)
# Anti-bot detection may flag near-empty pages as blocked, which is expected
# behavior. The key assertion is that it returns a result without crashing.
assert result is not None, "Should return a result even for empty page"
assert result.html is not None, "HTML should not be None for empty page"
if not result.success:
assert "empty" in (result.error_message or "").lower() or "blocked" in (result.error_message or "").lower(), (
f"Empty page failure should mention empty/blocked content: {result.error_message}"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_crawl_malformed_html(local_server):
"""Crawling malformed HTML should not crash, even if anti-bot flags it."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
url=local_server + "/malformed",
config=CrawlerRunConfig(verbose=False),
)
# Anti-bot may flag malformed HTML as blocked due to minimal visible text.
# The key assertion is that it returns a result without crashing.
assert result is not None, "Should return a result for malformed HTML"
assert result.html is not None, "HTML should not be None even for malformed input"
# The content is present in the HTML even if the crawl is marked as not successful
assert "Unclosed paragraph" in (result.html or "") or "Malformed" in (result.html or ""), (
"Some original content should appear in the HTML"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_multiple_crawls_same_crawler(local_server):
"""A single crawler instance should handle multiple sequential crawls."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
urls = [
local_server + "/",
local_server + "/products",
local_server + "/js-dynamic",
]
for url in urls:
result = await crawler.arun(
url=url,
config=CrawlerRunConfig(verbose=False),
)
assert result.success, f"Sequential crawl of {url} failed: {result.error_message}"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_screenshot_not_captured_by_default(local_server):
"""Without screenshot=True, result.screenshot should be None or empty."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(screenshot=False, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result.success, f"No-screenshot crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert not result.screenshot, (
"Screenshot should be None or empty when not requested"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_js_code_empty_string(local_server):
"""Empty js_code string should not cause errors."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(js_code="", verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result.success, (
f"Empty js_code should not break crawling: {result.error_message}"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_wait_until_load(local_server):
"""wait_until='load' should wait for full page load including resources."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(wait_until="load", verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result.success, f"wait_until=load crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_wait_until_networkidle(local_server):
"""wait_until='networkidle' should wait until network is idle."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(wait_until="networkidle", verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result.success, f"wait_until=networkidle crawl failed: {result.error_message}"

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@@ -0,0 +1,776 @@
"""
Regression tests for Crawl4AI configuration objects.
Covers BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig, ProxyConfig, GeolocationConfig,
deep_merge logic, and serialization roundtrips.
"""
import copy
import pytest
from crawl4ai import (
BrowserConfig,
CrawlerRunConfig,
ProxyConfig,
GeolocationConfig,
CacheMode,
)
from crawl4ai.async_configs import to_serializable_dict, from_serializable_dict
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Helper: deep_merge (copied from deploy/docker/utils.py to avoid dns dep)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
def _deep_merge(base, override):
"""Recursively merge override into base dict."""
result = base.copy()
for key, value in override.items():
if key in result and isinstance(result[key], dict) and isinstance(value, dict):
result[key] = _deep_merge(result[key], value)
else:
result[key] = value
return result
# ===================================================================
# BrowserConfig
# ===================================================================
class TestBrowserConfigDefaults:
"""Verify BrowserConfig default values are sensible."""
def test_headless_default(self):
"""Default headless should be True."""
cfg = BrowserConfig()
assert cfg.headless is True
def test_browser_type_default(self):
"""Default browser_type should be 'chromium'."""
cfg = BrowserConfig()
assert cfg.browser_type == "chromium"
def test_viewport_defaults(self):
"""Default viewport should be 1080x600."""
cfg = BrowserConfig()
assert cfg.viewport_width == 1080
assert cfg.viewport_height == 600
def test_javascript_enabled_default(self):
"""JavaScript should be enabled by default."""
cfg = BrowserConfig()
assert cfg.java_script_enabled is True
def test_ignore_https_errors_default(self):
"""HTTPS errors should be ignored by default."""
cfg = BrowserConfig()
assert cfg.ignore_https_errors is True
def test_stealth_disabled_default(self):
"""Stealth should be disabled by default."""
cfg = BrowserConfig()
assert cfg.enable_stealth is False
def test_browser_mode_default(self):
"""Default browser_mode should be 'dedicated'."""
cfg = BrowserConfig()
assert cfg.browser_mode == "dedicated"
class TestBrowserConfigRoundtrip:
"""Verify to_dict -> from_kwargs roundtrip preserves fields."""
def test_basic_roundtrip(self):
"""to_dict -> from_kwargs should preserve basic scalar fields."""
original = BrowserConfig(
headless=False,
viewport_width=1920,
viewport_height=1080,
browser_type="firefox",
text_mode=True,
)
d = original.to_dict()
restored = BrowserConfig.from_kwargs(d)
assert restored.headless is False
assert restored.viewport_width == 1920
assert restored.viewport_height == 1080
assert restored.browser_type == "firefox"
assert restored.text_mode is True
def test_roundtrip_preserves_extra_args(self):
"""Extra args list should survive roundtrip."""
original = BrowserConfig(extra_args=["--no-sandbox", "--disable-dev-shm-usage"])
d = original.to_dict()
restored = BrowserConfig.from_kwargs(d)
assert restored.extra_args == ["--no-sandbox", "--disable-dev-shm-usage"]
def test_roundtrip_preserves_headers(self):
"""Custom headers dict should survive roundtrip."""
headers = {"X-Custom": "test-value", "Accept-Language": "en-US"}
original = BrowserConfig(headers=headers)
d = original.to_dict()
restored = BrowserConfig.from_kwargs(d)
assert restored.headers["X-Custom"] == "test-value"
assert restored.headers["Accept-Language"] == "en-US"
def test_roundtrip_preserves_cookies(self):
"""Cookies list should survive roundtrip."""
cookies = [{"name": "session", "value": "abc123", "url": "http://example.com"}]
original = BrowserConfig(cookies=cookies)
d = original.to_dict()
restored = BrowserConfig.from_kwargs(d)
assert len(restored.cookies) == 1
assert restored.cookies[0]["name"] == "session"
class TestBrowserConfigClone:
"""Verify clone() creates independent copy with overrides."""
def test_clone_with_override(self):
"""Clone should apply overrides while keeping other fields."""
original = BrowserConfig(headless=True, viewport_width=1080)
cloned = original.clone(headless=False, viewport_width=1920)
assert cloned.headless is False
assert cloned.viewport_width == 1920
# Original unchanged
assert original.headless is True
assert original.viewport_width == 1080
def test_clone_independence(self):
"""Clone should produce a distinct object with same scalar values."""
original = BrowserConfig(headless=True, viewport_width=1080)
cloned = original.clone()
cloned.headless = False
cloned.viewport_width = 1920
# Scalar mutations on clone should not affect original
assert original.headless is True
assert original.viewport_width == 1080
def test_clone_preserves_unmodified(self):
"""Fields not in overrides should be preserved."""
original = BrowserConfig(
browser_type="firefox",
text_mode=True,
verbose=False,
)
cloned = original.clone(verbose=True)
assert cloned.browser_type == "firefox"
assert cloned.text_mode is True
assert cloned.verbose is True
class TestBrowserConfigClassDefaults:
"""Verify set_defaults / get_defaults / reset_defaults class-level defaults."""
def test_set_defaults_affects_new_instances(self):
"""set_defaults(headless=False) should make new instances headless=False."""
try:
BrowserConfig.set_defaults(headless=False)
cfg = BrowserConfig()
assert cfg.headless is False
finally:
BrowserConfig.reset_defaults()
def test_explicit_arg_overrides_class_default(self):
"""Explicit constructor arg should override class-level default."""
try:
BrowserConfig.set_defaults(headless=False)
cfg = BrowserConfig(headless=True)
assert cfg.headless is True
finally:
BrowserConfig.reset_defaults()
def test_get_defaults_returns_copy(self):
"""get_defaults() should return the current overrides."""
try:
BrowserConfig.set_defaults(viewport_width=1920)
defaults = BrowserConfig.get_defaults()
assert defaults["viewport_width"] == 1920
finally:
BrowserConfig.reset_defaults()
def test_reset_defaults_clears_all(self):
"""reset_defaults() should clear all overrides."""
try:
BrowserConfig.set_defaults(headless=False, viewport_width=1920)
BrowserConfig.reset_defaults()
defaults = BrowserConfig.get_defaults()
assert len(defaults) == 0
cfg = BrowserConfig()
assert cfg.headless is True
assert cfg.viewport_width == 1080
finally:
BrowserConfig.reset_defaults()
def test_reset_defaults_selective(self):
"""reset_defaults('headless') should only clear that one override."""
try:
BrowserConfig.set_defaults(headless=False, viewport_width=1920)
BrowserConfig.reset_defaults("headless")
cfg = BrowserConfig()
assert cfg.headless is True # reset to hardcoded default
assert cfg.viewport_width == 1920 # still overridden
finally:
BrowserConfig.reset_defaults()
def test_set_defaults_invalid_param_raises(self):
"""set_defaults with invalid parameter name should raise ValueError."""
try:
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
BrowserConfig.set_defaults(nonexistent_param=42)
finally:
BrowserConfig.reset_defaults()
class TestBrowserConfigDumpLoad:
"""Verify dump() and load() serialization includes type info."""
def test_dump_includes_type(self):
"""dump() should produce a dict with 'type' key."""
cfg = BrowserConfig(headless=False)
dumped = cfg.dump()
assert isinstance(dumped, dict)
assert dumped.get("type") == "BrowserConfig"
assert "params" in dumped
def test_dump_load_roundtrip(self):
"""dump() -> load() should reproduce equivalent config."""
original = BrowserConfig(
headless=False,
viewport_width=1920,
text_mode=True,
)
dumped = original.dump()
restored = BrowserConfig.load(dumped)
assert isinstance(restored, BrowserConfig)
assert restored.headless is False
assert restored.viewport_width == 1920
assert restored.text_mode is True
# ===================================================================
# CrawlerRunConfig
# ===================================================================
class TestCrawlerRunConfigDefaults:
"""Verify CrawlerRunConfig default values."""
def test_cache_mode_default(self):
"""Default cache_mode should be CacheMode.BYPASS."""
cfg = CrawlerRunConfig()
assert cfg.cache_mode == CacheMode.BYPASS
def test_word_count_threshold_default(self):
"""Default word_count_threshold should match MIN_WORD_THRESHOLD (1)."""
from crawl4ai.config import MIN_WORD_THRESHOLD
cfg = CrawlerRunConfig()
assert cfg.word_count_threshold == MIN_WORD_THRESHOLD
def test_wait_until_default(self):
"""Default wait_until should be 'domcontentloaded'."""
cfg = CrawlerRunConfig()
assert cfg.wait_until == "domcontentloaded"
def test_page_timeout_default(self):
"""Default page_timeout should be 60000 ms."""
cfg = CrawlerRunConfig()
assert cfg.page_timeout == 60000
def test_delay_before_return_html_default(self):
"""Default delay_before_return_html should be 0.1."""
cfg = CrawlerRunConfig()
assert cfg.delay_before_return_html == 0.1
def test_magic_default_false(self):
"""Magic mode should be off by default."""
cfg = CrawlerRunConfig()
assert cfg.magic is False
def test_screenshot_default_false(self):
"""Screenshot should be off by default."""
cfg = CrawlerRunConfig()
assert cfg.screenshot is False
def test_verbose_default_true(self):
"""Verbose should be on by default."""
cfg = CrawlerRunConfig()
assert cfg.verbose is True
class TestCrawlerRunConfigRoundtrip:
"""Verify to_dict -> from_kwargs roundtrip."""
def test_basic_roundtrip(self):
"""Scalar fields should survive roundtrip."""
original = CrawlerRunConfig(
word_count_threshold=500,
wait_until="load",
page_timeout=30000,
magic=True,
)
d = original.to_dict()
restored = CrawlerRunConfig.from_kwargs(d)
assert restored.word_count_threshold == 500
assert restored.wait_until == "load"
assert restored.page_timeout == 30000
assert restored.magic is True
def test_roundtrip_preserves_js_code(self):
"""js_code should survive roundtrip."""
original = CrawlerRunConfig(js_code=["document.title", "console.log('hi')"])
d = original.to_dict()
restored = CrawlerRunConfig.from_kwargs(d)
assert restored.js_code == ["document.title", "console.log('hi')"]
def test_roundtrip_preserves_excluded_tags(self):
"""excluded_tags should survive roundtrip."""
original = CrawlerRunConfig(excluded_tags=["nav", "footer", "aside"])
d = original.to_dict()
restored = CrawlerRunConfig.from_kwargs(d)
assert "nav" in restored.excluded_tags
assert "footer" in restored.excluded_tags
class TestCrawlerRunConfigClone:
"""Verify clone() with overrides."""
def test_clone_with_override(self):
"""Clone should apply overrides while keeping other fields."""
original = CrawlerRunConfig(magic=False, verbose=True)
cloned = original.clone(magic=True)
assert cloned.magic is True
assert cloned.verbose is True
# Original unchanged
assert original.magic is False
def test_clone_cache_mode_override(self):
"""Clone should be able to change cache_mode."""
original = CrawlerRunConfig(cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS)
cloned = original.clone(cache_mode=CacheMode.ENABLED)
assert cloned.cache_mode == CacheMode.ENABLED
assert original.cache_mode == CacheMode.BYPASS
class TestCrawlerRunConfigClassDefaults:
"""Verify set_defaults / reset_defaults for CrawlerRunConfig."""
def test_set_defaults_affects_new_instances(self):
"""set_defaults(verbose=False) should make new instances verbose=False."""
try:
CrawlerRunConfig.set_defaults(verbose=False)
cfg = CrawlerRunConfig()
assert cfg.verbose is False
finally:
CrawlerRunConfig.reset_defaults()
def test_reset_defaults_restores_original(self):
"""reset_defaults should restore hardcoded defaults."""
try:
CrawlerRunConfig.set_defaults(page_timeout=5000)
CrawlerRunConfig.reset_defaults()
cfg = CrawlerRunConfig()
assert cfg.page_timeout == 60000
finally:
CrawlerRunConfig.reset_defaults()
def test_set_defaults_invalid_param_raises(self):
"""set_defaults with invalid parameter name should raise ValueError."""
try:
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
CrawlerRunConfig.set_defaults(totally_bogus=42)
finally:
CrawlerRunConfig.reset_defaults()
class TestCrawlerRunConfigSerialization:
"""Verify extraction_strategy and deep_crawl_strategy serialize correctly."""
def test_dump_load_basic(self):
"""dump -> load roundtrip for basic CrawlerRunConfig."""
original = CrawlerRunConfig(
word_count_threshold=300,
magic=True,
wait_until="load",
)
dumped = original.dump()
assert dumped["type"] == "CrawlerRunConfig"
restored = CrawlerRunConfig.load(dumped)
assert isinstance(restored, CrawlerRunConfig)
assert restored.magic is True
def test_dump_with_extraction_strategy(self):
"""CrawlerRunConfig with extraction_strategy should serialize."""
try:
from crawl4ai import JsonCssExtractionStrategy
schema = {
"name": "test",
"baseSelector": "div.item",
"fields": [{"name": "title", "selector": "h2", "type": "text"}],
}
strategy = JsonCssExtractionStrategy(schema)
cfg = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
dumped = cfg.dump()
assert dumped["type"] == "CrawlerRunConfig"
# extraction_strategy should be serialized with type info
es_data = dumped["params"].get("extraction_strategy", {})
assert es_data.get("type") == "JsonCssExtractionStrategy"
except ImportError:
pytest.skip("JsonCssExtractionStrategy not available")
def test_dump_with_deep_crawl_strategy(self):
"""CrawlerRunConfig with deep_crawl_strategy should serialize."""
try:
from crawl4ai.deep_crawling import BFSDeepCrawlStrategy
strategy = BFSDeepCrawlStrategy(max_depth=2, max_pages=10)
cfg = CrawlerRunConfig(deep_crawl_strategy=strategy)
dumped = cfg.dump()
ds_data = dumped["params"].get("deep_crawl_strategy", {})
assert ds_data.get("type") == "BFSDeepCrawlStrategy"
except ImportError:
pytest.skip("BFSDeepCrawlStrategy not available")
# ===================================================================
# ProxyConfig
# ===================================================================
class TestProxyConfigFromString:
"""Verify ProxyConfig.from_string() parsing."""
def test_simple_http_url(self):
"""from_string('http://proxy:8080') should parse server correctly."""
pc = ProxyConfig.from_string("http://proxy:8080")
assert pc.server == "http://proxy:8080"
assert pc.username is None
assert pc.password is None
def test_http_url_with_credentials(self):
"""from_string('http://user:pass@proxy:8080') should parse credentials."""
pc = ProxyConfig.from_string("http://user:pass@proxy:8080")
assert pc.server == "http://proxy:8080"
assert pc.username == "user"
assert pc.password == "pass"
def test_ip_port_user_pass_format(self):
"""from_string('1.2.3.4:8080:user:pass') should parse ip:port:user:pass."""
pc = ProxyConfig.from_string("1.2.3.4:8080:user:pass")
assert pc.server == "http://1.2.3.4:8080"
assert pc.username == "user"
assert pc.password == "pass"
def test_ip_port_format(self):
"""from_string('1.2.3.4:8080') should parse ip:port without credentials."""
pc = ProxyConfig.from_string("1.2.3.4:8080")
assert pc.server == "http://1.2.3.4:8080"
assert pc.username is None
assert pc.password is None
def test_socks5_url(self):
"""from_string('socks5://proxy:1080') should preserve socks5 scheme."""
pc = ProxyConfig.from_string("socks5://proxy:1080")
assert pc.server == "socks5://proxy:1080"
def test_invalid_format_raises(self):
"""from_string with invalid format should raise ValueError."""
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
ProxyConfig.from_string("invalid")
def test_password_with_colon(self):
"""Password containing a colon should be preserved via split(':', 1)."""
# Format: http://user:complex:pass@proxy:8080
# The @ split gives auth="http://user:complex:pass", server="proxy:8080"
# Then protocol split gives credentials="user:complex:pass"
# Then credentials.split(":", 1) gives user="user", password="complex:pass"
pc = ProxyConfig.from_string("http://user:complex:pass@proxy:8080")
assert pc.username == "user"
assert pc.password == "complex:pass"
assert pc.server == "http://proxy:8080"
class TestProxyConfigRoundtrip:
"""Verify to_dict -> from_dict roundtrip."""
def test_basic_roundtrip(self):
"""to_dict -> from_dict should preserve all fields."""
original = ProxyConfig(
server="http://proxy:8080",
username="user",
password="secret",
)
d = original.to_dict()
restored = ProxyConfig.from_dict(d)
assert restored.server == original.server
assert restored.username == original.username
assert restored.password == original.password
def test_roundtrip_without_credentials(self):
"""Roundtrip should work without username/password."""
original = ProxyConfig(server="http://proxy:3128")
d = original.to_dict()
restored = ProxyConfig.from_dict(d)
assert restored.server == "http://proxy:3128"
assert restored.username is None
assert restored.password is None
class TestProxyConfigClone:
"""Verify clone() with override."""
def test_clone_with_server_override(self):
"""Clone should apply server override."""
original = ProxyConfig(server="http://proxy1:8080", username="user1")
cloned = original.clone(server="http://proxy2:9090")
assert cloned.server == "http://proxy2:9090"
assert cloned.username == "user1"
# Original unchanged
assert original.server == "http://proxy1:8080"
def test_clone_with_credentials_override(self):
"""Clone should be able to override credentials."""
original = ProxyConfig(server="http://proxy:8080", username="old", password="old")
cloned = original.clone(username="new", password="new")
assert cloned.username == "new"
assert cloned.password == "new"
assert original.username == "old"
class TestProxyConfigSentinel:
"""Verify ProxyConfig.DIRECT sentinel."""
def test_direct_sentinel_exists(self):
"""ProxyConfig.DIRECT should exist and be 'direct'."""
assert ProxyConfig.DIRECT == "direct"
def test_direct_is_string(self):
"""DIRECT sentinel should be a string."""
assert isinstance(ProxyConfig.DIRECT, str)
# ===================================================================
# GeolocationConfig
# ===================================================================
class TestGeolocationConfig:
"""Verify GeolocationConfig construction and roundtrip."""
def test_constructor(self):
"""Constructor should set lat/lon/accuracy."""
geo = GeolocationConfig(latitude=37.7749, longitude=-122.4194, accuracy=10.0)
assert geo.latitude == 37.7749
assert geo.longitude == -122.4194
assert geo.accuracy == 10.0
def test_default_accuracy(self):
"""Default accuracy should be 0.0."""
geo = GeolocationConfig(latitude=0.0, longitude=0.0)
assert geo.accuracy == 0.0
def test_to_dict_from_dict_roundtrip(self):
"""to_dict -> from_dict should preserve all fields."""
original = GeolocationConfig(latitude=48.8566, longitude=2.3522, accuracy=50.0)
d = original.to_dict()
restored = GeolocationConfig.from_dict(d)
assert restored.latitude == original.latitude
assert restored.longitude == original.longitude
assert restored.accuracy == original.accuracy
def test_clone_with_overrides(self):
"""Clone should apply overrides while preserving other fields."""
original = GeolocationConfig(latitude=40.7128, longitude=-74.0060, accuracy=5.0)
cloned = original.clone(accuracy=100.0)
assert cloned.latitude == 40.7128
assert cloned.longitude == -74.0060
assert cloned.accuracy == 100.0
# Original unchanged
assert original.accuracy == 5.0
def test_clone_independence(self):
"""Clone should be a fully independent object."""
original = GeolocationConfig(latitude=0.0, longitude=0.0)
cloned = original.clone(latitude=1.0)
assert original.latitude == 0.0
assert cloned.latitude == 1.0
def test_negative_coordinates(self):
"""Negative lat/lon (southern/western hemisphere) should work."""
geo = GeolocationConfig(latitude=-33.8688, longitude=151.2093)
assert geo.latitude == -33.8688
assert geo.longitude == 151.2093
# ===================================================================
# Deep merge tests
# ===================================================================
class TestDeepMerge:
"""Verify _deep_merge helper for server config merging."""
def test_empty_override_returns_base(self):
"""Empty override should return base unchanged."""
base = {"a": 1, "b": 2}
result = _deep_merge(base, {})
assert result == {"a": 1, "b": 2}
def test_flat_key_override(self):
"""Flat key in override should replace base value."""
base = {"a": 1, "b": 2}
result = _deep_merge(base, {"b": 99})
assert result == {"a": 1, "b": 99}
def test_nested_dict_merge_preserves_siblings(self):
"""Nested dict merge should preserve sibling keys."""
base = {"server": {"host": "localhost", "port": 8080}}
override = {"server": {"port": 9090}}
result = _deep_merge(base, override)
assert result["server"]["host"] == "localhost"
assert result["server"]["port"] == 9090
def test_override_with_non_dict_replaces_dict(self):
"""Non-dict override should replace entire dict value."""
base = {"server": {"host": "localhost", "port": 8080}}
override = {"server": "http://remote:9090"}
result = _deep_merge(base, override)
assert result["server"] == "http://remote:9090"
def test_deep_nesting_three_levels(self):
"""3+ levels of nesting should merge correctly."""
base = {"a": {"b": {"c": 1, "d": 2}, "e": 3}}
override = {"a": {"b": {"c": 99}}}
result = _deep_merge(base, override)
assert result["a"]["b"]["c"] == 99
assert result["a"]["b"]["d"] == 2
assert result["a"]["e"] == 3
def test_new_key_in_override(self):
"""Override can add entirely new keys."""
base = {"a": 1}
result = _deep_merge(base, {"b": 2})
assert result == {"a": 1, "b": 2}
def test_base_not_mutated(self):
"""Original base dict should not be mutated."""
base = {"a": {"b": 1}}
override = {"a": {"b": 2}}
_deep_merge(base, override)
assert base["a"]["b"] == 1
def test_empty_base(self):
"""Empty base should return override contents."""
result = _deep_merge({}, {"a": 1, "b": {"c": 2}})
assert result == {"a": 1, "b": {"c": 2}}
# ===================================================================
# Serialization: to_serializable_dict / from_serializable_dict
# ===================================================================
class TestSerializableDict:
"""Verify to_serializable_dict / from_serializable_dict roundtrips."""
def test_browser_config_roundtrip(self):
"""BrowserConfig should survive serialization roundtrip."""
original = BrowserConfig(
headless=False,
viewport_width=1920,
browser_type="firefox",
)
serialized = to_serializable_dict(original)
assert serialized["type"] == "BrowserConfig"
restored = from_serializable_dict(serialized)
assert isinstance(restored, BrowserConfig)
assert restored.headless is False
assert restored.viewport_width == 1920
def test_crawler_run_config_roundtrip(self):
"""CrawlerRunConfig should survive serialization roundtrip."""
original = CrawlerRunConfig(
word_count_threshold=500,
magic=True,
wait_until="load",
)
serialized = to_serializable_dict(original)
assert serialized["type"] == "CrawlerRunConfig"
restored = from_serializable_dict(serialized)
assert isinstance(restored, CrawlerRunConfig)
assert restored.magic is True
def test_crawler_run_config_with_extraction_strategy(self):
"""CrawlerRunConfig with extraction strategy should roundtrip."""
try:
from crawl4ai import JsonCssExtractionStrategy
schema = {
"name": "products",
"baseSelector": "div.product",
"fields": [
{"name": "title", "selector": "h2", "type": "text"},
{"name": "price", "selector": ".price", "type": "text"},
],
}
strategy = JsonCssExtractionStrategy(schema)
original = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
serialized = to_serializable_dict(original)
restored = from_serializable_dict(serialized)
assert isinstance(restored, CrawlerRunConfig)
assert isinstance(restored.extraction_strategy, JsonCssExtractionStrategy)
except ImportError:
pytest.skip("JsonCssExtractionStrategy not available")
def test_none_value(self):
"""None should serialize to None."""
assert to_serializable_dict(None) is None
def test_basic_types_passthrough(self):
"""Strings, ints, floats, bools should pass through unchanged."""
assert to_serializable_dict("hello") == "hello"
assert to_serializable_dict(42) == 42
assert to_serializable_dict(3.14) == 3.14
assert to_serializable_dict(True) is True
def test_enum_serialization(self):
"""CacheMode enum should serialize with type info."""
serialized = to_serializable_dict(CacheMode.ENABLED)
assert serialized["type"] == "CacheMode"
assert serialized["params"] == "enabled"
restored = from_serializable_dict(serialized)
assert restored == CacheMode.ENABLED
def test_list_serialization(self):
"""Lists should serialize element-by-element."""
result = to_serializable_dict([1, "two", 3.0])
assert result == [1, "two", 3.0]
def test_dict_serialization(self):
"""Plain dicts should be wrapped with type='dict'."""
result = to_serializable_dict({"key": "value"})
assert result["type"] == "dict"
assert result["value"]["key"] == "value"
def test_disallowed_type_raises(self):
"""Deserializing a non-allowlisted type should raise ValueError."""
bad_data = {"type": "os.system", "params": {"command": "rm -rf /"}}
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="not allowed"):
from_serializable_dict(bad_data)
def test_geolocation_config_roundtrip(self):
"""GeolocationConfig should survive serialization roundtrip."""
original = GeolocationConfig(latitude=37.7749, longitude=-122.4194, accuracy=10.0)
serialized = to_serializable_dict(original)
assert serialized["type"] == "GeolocationConfig"
restored = from_serializable_dict(serialized)
assert isinstance(restored, GeolocationConfig)
assert restored.latitude == 37.7749
def test_proxy_config_roundtrip(self):
"""ProxyConfig should survive serialization roundtrip."""
original = ProxyConfig(server="http://proxy:8080", username="user", password="pass")
serialized = to_serializable_dict(original)
assert serialized["type"] == "ProxyConfig"
restored = from_serializable_dict(serialized)
assert isinstance(restored, ProxyConfig)
assert restored.server == "http://proxy:8080"
assert restored.username == "user"

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@@ -0,0 +1,512 @@
"""
Regression tests for Crawl4AI content processing pipeline.
Covers markdown generation, content filtering (BM25, Pruning),
link/image/table extraction, metadata extraction, tag exclusion,
CSS selector targeting, and real-URL content quality.
Run:
pytest tests/regression/test_reg_content.py -v
pytest tests/regression/test_reg_content.py -v -m "not network"
"""
import pytest
import json
from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
from crawl4ai.markdown_generation_strategy import DefaultMarkdownGenerator
from crawl4ai.content_filter_strategy import BM25ContentFilter, PruningContentFilter
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Markdown generation
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_markdown_raw(local_server):
"""Crawl the home page and verify raw markdown is a non-empty string
containing the expected heading text and heading markers."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/", config=CrawlerRunConfig())
assert result.success, f"Crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
md = result.markdown
assert md is not None
assert isinstance(md, str)
assert len(md) > 0
assert "Welcome to the Crawl4AI Test Site" in md
# Should have at least one markdown heading marker
assert "#" in md
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_markdown_has_headings(local_server):
"""Verify markdown contains the expected h1 and h2 headings."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/", config=CrawlerRunConfig())
assert result.success
md = result.markdown
assert "# Welcome" in md or "# Welcome to the Crawl4AI Test Site" in md
# h2 heading for Features Overview
assert "## Features" in md or "## Features Overview" in md
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_markdown_has_code_block(local_server):
"""Verify markdown preserves the code block with triple backticks."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/", config=CrawlerRunConfig())
assert result.success
md = result.markdown
assert "```" in md
assert "AsyncWebCrawler" in md
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_markdown_has_list(local_server):
"""Verify markdown contains list items from the home page features list."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/", config=CrawlerRunConfig())
assert result.success
md = result.markdown
# Markdown list items should contain at least some of these
assert "Content extraction" in md or "content extraction" in md
assert "Link discovery" in md or "link discovery" in md
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_markdown_citations(local_server):
"""Access markdown_with_citations and verify it contains numbered citation references."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/", config=CrawlerRunConfig())
assert result.success
citations_md = result.markdown.markdown_with_citations
assert isinstance(citations_md, str)
assert len(citations_md) > 0
# Should have at least one citation reference like [1] or similar
has_citation = any(f"[{i}]" in citations_md for i in range(1, 20))
# Some implementations use a different format
assert has_citation or "" in citations_md or "[" in citations_md
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_markdown_references(local_server):
"""Access references_markdown and verify it contains URLs."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/", config=CrawlerRunConfig())
assert result.success
refs = result.markdown.references_markdown
assert isinstance(refs, str)
# References should mention URLs or link targets
assert "http" in refs or "/" in refs
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_markdown_string_compat(local_server):
"""Verify StringCompatibleMarkdown behaves like a string:
str() works, equality with raw_markdown, and 'in' operator."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/", config=CrawlerRunConfig())
assert result.success
md = result.markdown
raw = md.raw_markdown
# str(result.markdown) should equal raw_markdown
assert str(md) == raw
# 'in' operator should work on the string content
assert "Welcome" in md
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Content filtering - BM25
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_bm25_fit_markdown(local_server):
"""Crawl with BM25ContentFilter and verify fit_markdown is shorter
than the full raw_markdown (content was filtered)."""
gen = DefaultMarkdownGenerator(
content_filter=BM25ContentFilter(user_query="features")
)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(markdown_generator=gen)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/", config=config)
assert result.success
fit = result.markdown.fit_markdown
raw = result.markdown.raw_markdown
assert fit is not None
assert len(fit) > 0
assert len(fit) < len(raw), (
"fit_markdown should be shorter than raw_markdown after BM25 filtering"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Content filtering - Pruning
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_pruning_fit_markdown(local_server):
"""Crawl with PruningContentFilter and verify fit_markdown exists
and is shorter than the full raw_markdown."""
gen = DefaultMarkdownGenerator(content_filter=PruningContentFilter())
config = CrawlerRunConfig(markdown_generator=gen)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/", config=config)
assert result.success
fit = result.markdown.fit_markdown
raw = result.markdown.raw_markdown
assert fit is not None
assert len(fit) > 0
assert len(fit) <= len(raw), (
"fit_markdown should not be longer than raw_markdown"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Link extraction
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_links_internal(local_server):
"""Crawl /links-page and verify internal links are extracted with href keys."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/links-page", config=CrawlerRunConfig())
assert result.success
internal = result.links.get("internal", [])
assert isinstance(internal, list)
assert len(internal) > 0, "Expected internal links to be found"
# Each link dict should have an href
for link in internal:
assert "href" in link, f"Link missing 'href' key: {link}"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_links_external(local_server):
"""Verify external links include the expected domains."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/links-page", config=CrawlerRunConfig())
assert result.success
external = result.links.get("external", [])
assert len(external) > 0, "Expected external links to be found"
hrefs = [link["href"] for link in external]
all_hrefs = " ".join(hrefs)
assert "example.com" in all_hrefs
assert "github.com" in all_hrefs
assert "python.org" in all_hrefs
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_links_exclude_external(local_server):
"""Crawl with exclude_external_links=True and verify no external links remain."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(exclude_external_links=True)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/links-page", config=config)
assert result.success
external = result.links.get("external", [])
assert len(external) == 0, f"Expected no external links, got {len(external)}"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_links_exclude_social(local_server):
"""Crawl with exclude_social_media_links=True and verify no social media
links appear in the external links list."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(exclude_social_media_links=True)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/links-page", config=config)
assert result.success
external = result.links.get("external", [])
social_domains = ["twitter.com", "facebook.com", "linkedin.com"]
for link in external:
href = link.get("href", "")
for domain in social_domains:
assert domain not in href, (
f"Social media link should be excluded: {href}"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
@pytest.mark.network
async def test_links_real_url():
"""Crawl a real URL (quotes.toscrape.com) and verify internal links are found
(pagination links exist on the main page)."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
url="https://quotes.toscrape.com",
config=CrawlerRunConfig(),
)
assert result.success
internal = result.links.get("internal", [])
assert len(internal) > 0, "Expected internal links on quotes.toscrape.com"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Image extraction
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_images_extracted(local_server):
"""Crawl /images-page and verify images are extracted."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/images-page", config=CrawlerRunConfig())
assert result.success
images = result.media.get("images", [])
assert isinstance(images, list)
assert len(images) > 0, "Expected images to be extracted"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_images_have_fields(local_server):
"""Verify each extracted image dict has src, alt, and score keys."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/images-page", config=CrawlerRunConfig())
assert result.success
images = result.media.get("images", [])
assert len(images) > 0
for img in images:
assert "src" in img, f"Image missing 'src': {img}"
assert "alt" in img, f"Image missing 'alt': {img}"
assert "score" in img, f"Image missing 'score': {img}"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_images_scoring(local_server):
"""High-quality images (large, with alt text) should score higher
than small icons without alt text."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/images-page", config=CrawlerRunConfig())
assert result.success
images = result.media.get("images", [])
assert len(images) >= 2
# Find the hero/landscape image and the small icon
hero = None
icon = None
for img in images:
src = img.get("src", "")
if "landscape" in src or "hero" in src:
hero = img
elif "icon" in src and img.get("alt", "") == "":
icon = img
if hero and icon:
assert hero["score"] > icon["score"], (
f"Hero score ({hero['score']}) should exceed icon score ({icon['score']})"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_images_exclude_all(local_server):
"""Crawl with exclude_all_images=True and verify no images are returned."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(exclude_all_images=True)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/images-page", config=config)
assert result.success
images = result.media.get("images", [])
assert len(images) == 0, f"Expected no images with exclude_all_images, got {len(images)}"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Table extraction
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_tables_extracted(local_server):
"""Crawl /tables and verify tables appear in the result (either in
result.media, result.tables, or markdown pipe formatting)."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/tables", config=CrawlerRunConfig())
assert result.success
# Tables may appear in result.tables, result.media, or markdown
has_tables = (
len(getattr(result, "tables", []) or []) > 0
or "tables" in result.media
or "|" in str(result.markdown)
)
assert has_tables, "Expected table data to be found in the result"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_tables_in_markdown(local_server):
"""Verify the markdown output contains table formatting with pipes and dashes."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/tables", config=CrawlerRunConfig())
assert result.success
md = str(result.markdown)
assert "|" in md, "Expected pipe character in markdown tables"
assert "---" in md or "- -" in md, "Expected separator row in markdown tables"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Metadata extraction
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_metadata_title(local_server):
"""Crawl /structured-data and verify the page title is in metadata."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
url=f"{local_server}/structured-data", config=CrawlerRunConfig()
)
assert result.success
assert result.metadata is not None
# Title should be "Article with Structured Data"
title = result.metadata.get("title", "")
assert "Article with Structured Data" in title or "Structured Data" in title
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_metadata_og_tags(local_server):
"""Verify og:title, og:description, og:image are present in metadata."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
url=f"{local_server}/structured-data", config=CrawlerRunConfig()
)
assert result.success
meta = result.metadata
assert meta is not None
# Check for og tags -- they may be stored with different key formats
og_title = meta.get("og:title", meta.get("og_title", ""))
og_desc = meta.get("og:description", meta.get("og_description", ""))
og_image = meta.get("og:image", meta.get("og_image", ""))
assert og_title, f"Missing og:title in metadata: {meta}"
assert og_desc, f"Missing og:description in metadata: {meta}"
assert og_image, f"Missing og:image in metadata: {meta}"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_metadata_description(local_server):
"""Verify meta description is present in metadata."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
url=f"{local_server}/structured-data", config=CrawlerRunConfig()
)
assert result.success
meta = result.metadata
assert meta is not None
desc = meta.get("description", "")
assert desc, f"Missing description in metadata: {meta}"
assert "web crawling" in desc.lower()
@pytest.mark.asyncio
@pytest.mark.network
async def test_metadata_real():
"""Crawl https://example.com and verify title metadata exists."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
url="https://example.com", config=CrawlerRunConfig()
)
assert result.success
assert result.metadata is not None
title = result.metadata.get("title", "")
assert title, "Expected title metadata from example.com"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Excluded tags
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_excluded_tags_nav(local_server):
"""Crawl / with excluded_tags=["nav"] and verify navigation links are
removed from cleaned_html."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(excluded_tags=["nav"])
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/", config=config)
assert result.success
cleaned = result.cleaned_html or ""
# The nav element contained links to Products, Links, Tables
# After exclusion these should be absent from cleaned_html
assert "<nav" not in cleaned.lower(), "nav tag should be excluded from cleaned_html"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_excluded_selector(local_server):
"""Crawl / with excluded_selector='footer' and verify footer content
is excluded from cleaned_html."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(excluded_selector="footer")
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/", config=config)
assert result.success
cleaned = result.cleaned_html or ""
assert "Footer content" not in cleaned, (
"Footer content should be excluded from cleaned_html"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CSS selector targeting
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_css_selector_main(local_server):
"""Crawl / with css_selector='main' and verify result focuses on main content."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(css_selector="main")
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/", config=config)
assert result.success
md = str(result.markdown)
assert "Welcome to the Crawl4AI Test Site" in md
# Footer should not be in the markdown since we targeted <main>
assert "Footer content" not in md
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_css_selector_product(local_server):
"""Crawl /products with css_selector targeting only product #1 and verify
only the first product is extracted."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(css_selector=".product[data-id='1']")
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/products", config=config)
assert result.success
md = str(result.markdown)
assert "Wireless Mouse" in md
# Other products should not appear
assert "Mechanical Keyboard" not in md
assert "USB-C Hub" not in md
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Real URL content tests
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
@pytest.mark.network
async def test_real_url_markdown_quality():
"""Crawl https://example.com and verify markdown has reasonable content
with more than 50 chars and contains 'Example Domain'."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
url="https://example.com", config=CrawlerRunConfig()
)
assert result.success
md = str(result.markdown)
assert len(md) > 50, f"Markdown too short ({len(md)} chars)"
assert "Example Domain" in md
@pytest.mark.asyncio
@pytest.mark.network
async def test_real_url_links():
"""Crawl https://books.toscrape.com and verify internal links (product links)
and images (book covers) are found."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
url="https://books.toscrape.com", config=CrawlerRunConfig()
)
assert result.success
internal = result.links.get("internal", [])
assert len(internal) > 0, "Expected product links on books.toscrape.com"
images = result.media.get("images", [])
assert len(images) > 0, "Expected book cover images on books.toscrape.com"

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@@ -0,0 +1,405 @@
"""
Crawl4AI Regression Tests - Core Crawling Functionality
Tests core crawling features including basic crawls, raw HTML, multiple URLs,
screenshots, JavaScript execution, caching, sessions, hooks, network capture,
CSS selectors, excluded tags, timeouts, and status codes.
All tests use real browser crawling with no mocking.
"""
import asyncio
import base64
import pytest
from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
from crawl4ai.cache_context import CacheMode
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Basic crawl tests
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_basic_crawl(local_server):
"""Crawl the local server home page and verify basic result fields."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/")
assert result.success, f"Crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert "<h1>" in result.html, "HTML should contain an <h1> tag"
assert isinstance(result.markdown, str), "Markdown should be a string"
assert len(result.markdown) > 0, "Markdown should be non-empty"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
@pytest.mark.network
async def test_basic_crawl_real_url():
"""Crawl https://example.com and verify success with real content."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun("https://example.com")
assert result.success, f"Crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert len(result.html) > 100, "HTML should have substantial content"
assert len(result.markdown) > 10, "Markdown should have content"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Raw HTML crawl tests
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_raw_html_crawl():
"""Crawl raw HTML and verify markdown extraction."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun("raw:<html><body><h1>Test</h1><p>Hello world</p></body></html>")
assert result.success, f"Raw HTML crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert "Test" in result.markdown, "Markdown should contain 'Test'"
assert "Hello" in result.markdown, "Markdown should contain 'Hello'"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_raw_html_with_base_url():
"""Raw HTML with relative links should resolve against base_url."""
raw_html = (
"raw:<html><body>"
'<a href="/page1">Link 1</a>'
'<a href="/page2">Link 2</a>'
'<a href="https://other.com/abs">Absolute</a>'
"</body></html>"
)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(base_url="http://example.com")
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(raw_html, config=config)
assert result.success, f"Raw HTML with base_url failed: {result.error_message}"
# Check that links were resolved (they should appear in the result's links or markdown)
md_lower = result.markdown.lower() if result.markdown else ""
html_lower = result.html.lower() if result.html else ""
combined = md_lower + html_lower
# At minimum, the link text should appear
assert "link 1" in combined, "Link text should be present"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Multiple URL crawl tests
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_arun_many(local_server):
"""Crawl 3 local server URLs with arun_many and verify all succeed."""
urls = [
local_server + "/",
local_server + "/products",
local_server + "/tables",
]
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun_many(urls, config=CrawlerRunConfig(cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS))
assert isinstance(results, list), "arun_many should return a list"
assert len(results) == 3, f"Expected 3 results, got {len(results)}"
for i, result in enumerate(results):
assert result.success, f"Result {i} failed: {result.error_message}"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
@pytest.mark.network
async def test_arun_many_real():
"""Crawl multiple real URLs together."""
urls = ["https://example.com", "https://quotes.toscrape.com"]
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun_many(urls, config=CrawlerRunConfig(cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS))
assert len(results) == 2, f"Expected 2 results, got {len(results)}"
for result in results:
assert result.success, f"Real URL crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Screenshot tests
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_screenshot_capture(local_server):
"""Crawl with screenshot=True and verify PNG format output."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(screenshot=True)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result.success, f"Screenshot crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert result.screenshot, "Screenshot should be a non-empty string"
assert isinstance(result.screenshot, str), "Screenshot should be a base64 string"
# Decode and verify PNG header
raw_bytes = base64.b64decode(result.screenshot)
assert raw_bytes[:4] == b"\x89PNG", "Screenshot should be in PNG format"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_screenshot_not_bmp(local_server):
"""Verify screenshot is PNG format, NOT BMP (regression for #1758)."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(screenshot=True)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result.success
raw_bytes = base64.b64decode(result.screenshot)
# BMP files start with b'BM'
assert raw_bytes[:2] != b"BM", "Screenshot should NOT be BMP format"
assert raw_bytes[:4] == b"\x89PNG", "Screenshot should be PNG format"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# JavaScript execution tests
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_js_execution(local_server):
"""Crawl /js-dynamic with wait_for to verify JS-generated content loads."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(wait_for="css:.js-loaded")
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/js-dynamic", config=config)
assert result.success, f"JS dynamic crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert "Dynamic content successfully loaded" in result.markdown, (
"JS-generated content should appear in markdown"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_js_code_execution(local_server):
"""Execute custom JS code during crawl and verify modification."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(
js_code="document.title = 'Modified Title';",
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result.success, f"JS code execution crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
# The JS ran after page load; verify it did not cause errors
# (title change may or may not be reflected in html depending on timing)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_js_code_before_wait(local_server):
"""Use js_code_before_wait to inject content, then wait_for to verify it."""
js_inject = """
const div = document.createElement('div');
div.id = 'injected-marker';
div.className = 'injected';
div.textContent = 'Injected by js_code_before_wait';
document.body.appendChild(div);
"""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(
js_code_before_wait=js_inject,
wait_for="css:#injected-marker",
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result.success, f"js_code_before_wait crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert "Injected by js_code_before_wait" in result.markdown, (
"Injected content should appear in markdown"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Cache mode tests
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_cache_write_and_read(local_server):
"""Crawl with ENABLED cache, then crawl again to verify cache hit."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(cache_mode=CacheMode.ENABLED)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
# First crawl - writes to cache
result1 = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result1.success, f"First crawl failed: {result1.error_message}"
# Second crawl - should read from cache
result2 = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result2.success, f"Second crawl failed: {result2.error_message}"
if result2.cache_status:
assert "hit" in result2.cache_status.lower(), (
f"Second crawl should be a cache hit, got: {result2.cache_status}"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_cache_bypass(local_server):
"""Crawl with BYPASS cache mode; result should still succeed."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result.success, f"Bypass cache crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert len(result.html) > 0, "HTML should be non-empty even with bypass"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_cache_disabled(local_server):
"""Crawl with DISABLED cache; second crawl should not be cached."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(cache_mode=CacheMode.DISABLED)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result1 = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result1.success
result2 = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result2.success
# With DISABLED, there should be no cache hit
if result2.cache_status:
assert "hit" not in result2.cache_status.lower(), (
"DISABLED cache should not produce a cache hit"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Session reuse test
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_session_reuse(local_server):
"""Crawl with a session_id, crawl again with same session_id; both succeed."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(session_id="test-session", cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result1 = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result1.success, f"First session crawl failed: {result1.error_message}"
result2 = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result2.success, f"Second session crawl failed: {result2.error_message}"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Hooks test
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_hooks_fire(local_server):
"""Verify before_goto and after_goto hooks are called during crawl."""
calls = []
async def before_hook(page, context, url, **kwargs):
calls.append(("before_goto", url))
return page
async def after_hook(page, context, url, **kwargs):
calls.append(("after_goto", url))
return page
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
crawler.crawler_strategy.set_hook("before_goto", before_hook)
crawler.crawler_strategy.set_hook("after_goto", after_hook)
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/", config=CrawlerRunConfig(cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS))
assert result.success, f"Hook crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
hook_types = [c[0] for c in calls]
assert "before_goto" in hook_types, "before_goto hook should have been called"
assert "after_goto" in hook_types, "after_goto hook should have been called"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Network capture test
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_network_request_capture(local_server):
"""Crawl with capture_network_requests=True and verify requests are captured."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(capture_network_requests=True, cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result.success, f"Network capture crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert result.network_requests is not None, "network_requests should not be None"
assert isinstance(result.network_requests, list), "network_requests should be a list"
assert len(result.network_requests) >= 1, "Should capture at least 1 network request"
# Each entry should have a url key
assert "url" in result.network_requests[0], (
"Network request entries should have a 'url' key"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CSS selector test
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_css_selector(local_server):
"""Crawl /products with css_selector to narrow content extraction."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(css_selector=".product-list", cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/products", config=config)
assert result.success, f"CSS selector crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
# The product content should be present
assert "Wireless Mouse" in result.html, "Product content should be in HTML"
# The h1 "Products" is outside .product-list, should not be in the selected HTML
# css_selector filters the HTML sent to content extraction
assert "<h1>" not in result.html, (
"The h1 outside .product-list should not appear in result.html"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Excluded tags test
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_excluded_tags(local_server):
"""Crawl with excluded_tags to remove nav and footer content."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(excluded_tags=["nav", "footer"], cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result.success, f"Excluded tags crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
cleaned = result.cleaned_html or ""
assert "<nav" not in cleaned.lower(), "cleaned_html should not contain nav element"
assert "<footer" not in cleaned.lower(), "cleaned_html should not contain footer element"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Page timeout test
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_page_timeout(local_server):
"""Crawl /slow with a 500ms timeout; expect failure or timeout."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(page_timeout=500, cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/slow", config=config)
# The slow page takes 2 seconds but we gave only 500ms
# It should either fail or have an error
if result.success:
# Some browsers may still return partial content; that is acceptable
pass
else:
assert result.error_message is not None, (
"Failed crawl should have an error message"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Status code tests
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_404_status_code(local_server):
"""Crawl /not-found and verify 404 status code."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/not-found", config=config)
assert result.status_code == 404, (
f"Expected status code 404, got {result.status_code}"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_redirect_status(local_server):
"""Crawl /redirect and verify it follows the redirect to home."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/redirect", config=config)
assert result.success, f"Redirect crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
# After redirect, the final URL should be the home page
if result.redirected_url:
assert result.redirected_url.rstrip("/").endswith(
local_server.rstrip("/").split(":")[-1]
) or result.redirected_url.endswith("/"), (
f"Redirected URL should end with /, got: {result.redirected_url}"
)

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"""
Crawl4AI Regression Tests - Deep Crawling
Tests deep crawling strategies (BFS, DFS, BestFirst), URL filters, URL scorers,
URL normalization, and streaming mode using real browser crawling with no mocking.
"""
import pytest
from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
from crawl4ai.deep_crawling import (
BFSDeepCrawlStrategy,
DFSDeepCrawlStrategy,
BestFirstCrawlingStrategy,
)
from crawl4ai.deep_crawling.filters import (
URLPatternFilter,
DomainFilter,
ContentTypeFilter,
FilterChain,
)
from crawl4ai.deep_crawling.scorers import KeywordRelevanceScorer, CompositeScorer
from crawl4ai.utils import (
normalize_url_for_deep_crawl,
efficient_normalize_url_for_deep_crawl,
)
def _to_ip_url(local_server: str) -> str:
"""Convert http://localhost:PORT to http://127.0.0.1:PORT.
Deep crawl strategies reject netlocs without a dot (e.g. 'localhost'),
so we use the IP form which contains dots and passes validation.
"""
return local_server.replace("localhost", "127.0.0.1")
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# BFS Deep Crawl
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_bfs_basic(local_server):
"""BFS deep crawl of /deep/hub at depth 1 should return hub + sub pages."""
base = _to_ip_url(local_server)
hub_url = base + "/deep/hub"
strategy = BFSDeepCrawlStrategy(max_depth=1, max_pages=10)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(deep_crawl_strategy=strategy, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun(url=hub_url, config=config)
result_list = list(results)
assert len(result_list) >= 1, "Should return at least the hub page"
# First result should be the hub
assert "/deep/hub" in result_list[0].url, "First result should be the hub page"
# Check sub pages are present
sub_urls = [r.url for r in result_list if "/deep/sub" in r.url]
assert len(sub_urls) >= 1, "Should discover at least one sub page"
# Verify metadata has depth key
for r in result_list:
assert r.metadata is not None, "Each result should have metadata"
assert "depth" in r.metadata, "Metadata should contain 'depth' key"
# Hub should be at depth 0
hub_result = result_list[0]
assert hub_result.metadata["depth"] == 0, "Hub should be at depth 0"
# Sub pages should be at depth 1
for r in result_list:
if "/deep/sub" in r.url:
assert r.metadata["depth"] == 1, f"Sub page {r.url} should be at depth 1"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_bfs_depth_enforcement(local_server):
"""BFS with max_depth=1 must not include leaf pages at depth 2."""
base = _to_ip_url(local_server)
hub_url = base + "/deep/hub"
strategy = BFSDeepCrawlStrategy(max_depth=1, max_pages=20)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(deep_crawl_strategy=strategy, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun(url=hub_url, config=config)
result_list = list(results)
leaf_urls = [r.url for r in result_list if "leaf" in r.url]
assert len(leaf_urls) == 0, (
f"No leaf pages should appear at max_depth=1, but found: {leaf_urls}"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_bfs_max_pages(local_server):
"""BFS with max_pages=3 should return at most 3 results."""
base = _to_ip_url(local_server)
hub_url = base + "/deep/hub"
strategy = BFSDeepCrawlStrategy(max_depth=3, max_pages=3)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(deep_crawl_strategy=strategy, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun(url=hub_url, config=config)
result_list = list(results)
assert len(result_list) <= 3, (
f"Expected at most 3 results, got {len(result_list)}"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_bfs_level_order(local_server):
"""BFS should return results in level order: depth 0 before depth 1 before depth 2."""
base = _to_ip_url(local_server)
hub_url = base + "/deep/hub"
strategy = BFSDeepCrawlStrategy(max_depth=2, max_pages=20)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(deep_crawl_strategy=strategy, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun(url=hub_url, config=config)
result_list = list(results)
depths = [r.metadata["depth"] for r in result_list]
# Verify ordering: once a higher depth appears, no lower depth should follow
max_depth_seen = -1
for i, d in enumerate(depths):
if d < max_depth_seen:
pytest.fail(
f"BFS level order violated at index {i}: depth {d} appeared "
f"after depth {max_depth_seen}. Full sequence: {depths}"
)
max_depth_seen = max(max_depth_seen, d)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# DFS Deep Crawl
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_dfs_basic(local_server):
"""DFS deep crawl at depth 2 should find both sub pages and leaf pages."""
base = _to_ip_url(local_server)
hub_url = base + "/deep/hub"
strategy = DFSDeepCrawlStrategy(max_depth=2, max_pages=10)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(deep_crawl_strategy=strategy, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun(url=hub_url, config=config)
result_list = list(results)
urls = [r.url for r in result_list]
sub_pages = [u for u in urls if "/deep/sub" in u and "leaf" not in u]
leaf_pages = [u for u in urls if "leaf" in u]
assert len(sub_pages) >= 1, "DFS should visit at least one sub page"
assert len(leaf_pages) >= 1, "DFS at depth 2 should visit at least one leaf page"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_dfs_depth_first_order(local_server):
"""DFS should explore depth-first: some leaf page should appear before all sub pages are visited."""
base = _to_ip_url(local_server)
hub_url = base + "/deep/hub"
# Give enough pages to see the DFS pattern
strategy = DFSDeepCrawlStrategy(max_depth=2, max_pages=15)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(deep_crawl_strategy=strategy, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun(url=hub_url, config=config)
result_list = list(results)
urls = [r.url for r in result_list]
# Find indices of sub pages and leaf pages
sub_indices = [i for i, u in enumerate(urls) if "/deep/sub" in u and "leaf" not in u]
leaf_indices = [i for i, u in enumerate(urls) if "leaf" in u]
if sub_indices and leaf_indices:
# In DFS, at least one leaf should appear before the last sub page
earliest_leaf = min(leaf_indices)
latest_sub = max(sub_indices)
assert earliest_leaf < latest_sub, (
"DFS should explore a branch deeply before exhausting all sub pages. "
f"Earliest leaf at index {earliest_leaf}, latest sub at index {latest_sub}."
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_dfs_max_depth(local_server):
"""DFS with max_depth=1 should only visit hub and sub pages, no leaves."""
base = _to_ip_url(local_server)
hub_url = base + "/deep/hub"
strategy = DFSDeepCrawlStrategy(max_depth=1, max_pages=20)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(deep_crawl_strategy=strategy, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun(url=hub_url, config=config)
result_list = list(results)
leaf_urls = [r.url for r in result_list if "leaf" in r.url]
assert len(leaf_urls) == 0, (
f"DFS with max_depth=1 should not reach leaf pages, found: {leaf_urls}"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# BestFirst Deep Crawl
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_bestfirst_basic(local_server):
"""BestFirst deep crawl should return results from /deep/hub."""
base = _to_ip_url(local_server)
hub_url = base + "/deep/hub"
strategy = BestFirstCrawlingStrategy(max_depth=2, max_pages=10)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(deep_crawl_strategy=strategy, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun(url=hub_url, config=config)
result_list = list(results)
assert len(result_list) >= 1, "BestFirst should return at least the start page"
assert result_list[0].success, "First result should be successful"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Filters
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_url_pattern_filter_include(local_server):
"""URLPatternFilter with sub1 pattern should only crawl the sub1 branch."""
base = _to_ip_url(local_server)
hub_url = base + "/deep/hub"
url_filter = URLPatternFilter(patterns=["*/sub1*"])
chain = FilterChain(filters=[url_filter])
strategy = BFSDeepCrawlStrategy(max_depth=2, max_pages=10, filter_chain=chain)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(deep_crawl_strategy=strategy, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun(url=hub_url, config=config)
result_list = list(results)
# Hub (depth 0) bypasses filter; subsequent URLs should only match sub1
non_hub = [r for r in result_list if r.metadata.get("depth", 0) > 0]
for r in non_hub:
assert "sub1" in r.url, (
f"All non-hub results should be in sub1 branch, but found: {r.url}"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_url_pattern_filter_exclude(local_server):
"""URLPatternFilter with reverse=True should exclude leaf pages."""
base = _to_ip_url(local_server)
hub_url = base + "/deep/hub"
url_filter = URLPatternFilter(patterns=["*/leaf*"], reverse=True)
chain = FilterChain(filters=[url_filter])
strategy = BFSDeepCrawlStrategy(max_depth=2, max_pages=15, filter_chain=chain)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(deep_crawl_strategy=strategy, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun(url=hub_url, config=config)
result_list = list(results)
leaf_urls = [r.url for r in result_list if "leaf" in r.url]
assert len(leaf_urls) == 0, (
f"Reverse pattern filter should exclude leaf pages, found: {leaf_urls}"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_domain_filter(local_server):
"""DomainFilter allowing only 127.0.0.1 should keep local URLs only."""
base = _to_ip_url(local_server)
hub_url = base + "/deep/hub"
domain_filter = DomainFilter(allowed_domains=["127.0.0.1"])
chain = FilterChain(filters=[domain_filter])
strategy = BFSDeepCrawlStrategy(max_depth=1, max_pages=10, filter_chain=chain)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(deep_crawl_strategy=strategy, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun(url=hub_url, config=config)
result_list = list(results)
for r in result_list:
assert "127.0.0.1" in r.url, (
f"All results should be local, but found: {r.url}"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_filter_chain(local_server):
"""FilterChain combining URLPatternFilter and DomainFilter should apply both."""
base = _to_ip_url(local_server)
hub_url = base + "/deep/hub"
url_filter = URLPatternFilter(patterns=["*/sub1*"])
domain_filter = DomainFilter(allowed_domains=["127.0.0.1"])
chain = FilterChain(filters=[url_filter, domain_filter])
strategy = BFSDeepCrawlStrategy(max_depth=2, max_pages=10, filter_chain=chain)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(deep_crawl_strategy=strategy, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun(url=hub_url, config=config)
result_list = list(results)
non_hub = [r for r in result_list if r.metadata.get("depth", 0) > 0]
for r in non_hub:
assert "sub1" in r.url, (
f"URL pattern filter not applied: {r.url}"
)
assert "127.0.0.1" in r.url, (
f"Domain filter not applied: {r.url}"
)
def test_content_type_filter():
"""ContentTypeFilter should pass HTML URLs and reject image/pdf extensions."""
ct_filter = ContentTypeFilter(allowed_types=["text/html"])
assert ct_filter.apply("http://example.com/page") is True, (
"URL with no extension should pass (assumed HTML)"
)
assert ct_filter.apply("http://example.com/page.html") is True, (
".html should pass text/html filter"
)
assert ct_filter.apply("http://example.com/photo.jpg") is False, (
".jpg should be rejected by text/html filter"
)
assert ct_filter.apply("http://example.com/doc.pdf") is False, (
".pdf should be rejected by text/html filter"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Scorers
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
def test_keyword_scorer():
"""KeywordRelevanceScorer should rank URLs containing keywords higher."""
scorer = KeywordRelevanceScorer(keywords=["technology", "science"])
tech_score = scorer.score("http://example.com/technology/article")
generic_score = scorer.score("http://example.com/about/contact")
assert tech_score > generic_score, (
f"URL with keyword should score higher: tech={tech_score}, generic={generic_score}"
)
both_score = scorer.score("http://example.com/technology/science-report")
assert both_score >= tech_score, (
"URL matching both keywords should score at least as high as one keyword"
)
def test_composite_scorer():
"""CompositeScorer combining two scorers should produce scores without error."""
scorer1 = KeywordRelevanceScorer(keywords=["python"], weight=1.0)
scorer2 = KeywordRelevanceScorer(keywords=["crawl"], weight=0.5)
composite = CompositeScorer(scorers=[scorer1, scorer2])
score = composite.score("http://example.com/python-crawl-guide")
assert isinstance(score, float), "Composite score should be a float"
assert score > 0, "URL matching both scorers' keywords should have positive score"
zero_score = composite.score("http://example.com/unrelated-page")
assert zero_score == 0.0, "URL matching no keywords should score zero"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# URL normalization in deep crawl context
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
def test_deep_crawl_url_normalization():
"""normalize_url_for_deep_crawl should resolve relative URLs against base."""
base = "http://example.com/deep/hub"
result = normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("/deep/sub1", base)
assert result == "http://example.com/deep/sub1", (
f"Relative URL not resolved correctly: {result}"
)
result2 = normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("sub2", base)
assert "example.com" in result2, "Relative path should resolve against base"
assert "sub2" in result2, "Relative path should include the target"
def test_deep_crawl_trailing_slash():
"""Trailing slashes should be preserved during normalization (fix #1520)."""
base = "http://example.com/"
with_slash = normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("/path/", base)
without_slash = normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("/path", base)
# The function uses `parsed.path or '/'` which preserves trailing slashes
assert with_slash.endswith("/path/"), (
f"Trailing slash should be preserved: {with_slash}"
)
assert not without_slash.endswith("/"), (
f"No trailing slash should be added: {without_slash}"
)
def test_deep_crawl_deduplication():
"""Same URL with different fragments should normalize to the same string."""
base = "http://example.com/"
url1 = normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("/page#section1", base)
url2 = normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("/page#section2", base)
url3 = normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("/page", base)
assert url1 == url2, (
f"Fragment-only difference should normalize to same URL: {url1} vs {url2}"
)
assert url1 == url3, (
f"URL with and without fragment should normalize the same: {url1} vs {url3}"
)
def test_deep_crawl_efficient_normalization():
"""efficient_normalize_url_for_deep_crawl should produce consistent results."""
base = "http://example.com/deep/hub"
result = efficient_normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("/deep/sub1", base)
assert result == "http://example.com/deep/sub1", (
f"Efficient normalization failed: {result}"
)
# Fragments should be removed
result_frag = efficient_normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("/page#anchor", base)
assert "#" not in result_frag, "Fragments should be stripped"
def test_deep_crawl_normalization_none_input():
"""Normalizing None or empty string should return None."""
result_none = normalize_url_for_deep_crawl(None, "http://example.com/")
assert result_none is None, "None input should return None"
result_empty = normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("", "http://example.com/")
assert result_empty is None, "Empty string should return None"
def test_deep_crawl_normalization_case():
"""Hostname normalization should be case-insensitive."""
base = "http://Example.COM/"
result = normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("/Page", base)
assert "example.com" in result, (
f"Hostname should be lowercased: {result}"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Stream mode
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_deep_crawl_stream(local_server):
"""Deep crawl with stream=True should yield results via async iteration."""
base = _to_ip_url(local_server)
hub_url = base + "/deep/hub"
strategy = BFSDeepCrawlStrategy(max_depth=1, max_pages=5)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(
deep_crawl_strategy=strategy,
stream=True,
verbose=False,
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = []
async for result in await crawler.arun(url=hub_url, config=config):
results.append(result)
assert len(results) > 0, "Stream mode should yield at least one result"
assert results[0].success, "First streamed result should be successful"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Real URL deep crawl
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
@pytest.mark.network
async def test_deep_crawl_real():
"""Deep crawl https://quotes.toscrape.com with BFS to verify real-world usage."""
strategy = BFSDeepCrawlStrategy(max_depth=1, max_pages=3)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(deep_crawl_strategy=strategy, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun(url="https://quotes.toscrape.com", config=config)
result_list = list(results)
assert len(result_list) >= 1, "Should crawl at least the start page"
assert result_list[0].success, "Start page should crawl successfully"
# The site has links; with max_depth=1 we should find some
if len(result_list) > 1:
assert result_list[1].metadata.get("depth") == 1, (
"Second-level pages should have depth 1"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Edge cases
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_bfs_max_pages_one(local_server):
"""BFS with max_pages=1 should return exactly 1 result (the start page)."""
base = _to_ip_url(local_server)
hub_url = base + "/deep/hub"
strategy = BFSDeepCrawlStrategy(max_depth=5, max_pages=1)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(deep_crawl_strategy=strategy, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun(url=hub_url, config=config)
result_list = list(results)
assert len(result_list) == 1, (
f"max_pages=1 should yield exactly 1 result, got {len(result_list)}"
)
assert "/deep/hub" in result_list[0].url, "The single result should be the hub"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_dfs_max_pages_one(local_server):
"""DFS with max_pages=1 should return exactly 1 result."""
base = _to_ip_url(local_server)
hub_url = base + "/deep/hub"
strategy = DFSDeepCrawlStrategy(max_depth=5, max_pages=1)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(deep_crawl_strategy=strategy, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun(url=hub_url, config=config)
result_list = list(results)
assert len(result_list) == 1, (
f"max_pages=1 should yield exactly 1 result, got {len(result_list)}"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_bfs_depth_zero(local_server):
"""BFS with max_depth=0 should only return the start page."""
base = _to_ip_url(local_server)
hub_url = base + "/deep/hub"
strategy = BFSDeepCrawlStrategy(max_depth=0, max_pages=100)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(deep_crawl_strategy=strategy, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun(url=hub_url, config=config)
result_list = list(results)
assert len(result_list) == 1, (
f"max_depth=0 should yield exactly 1 result, got {len(result_list)}"
)
assert result_list[0].metadata["depth"] == 0, "Only depth-0 page should exist"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_bfs_results_have_parent_url(local_server):
"""Each non-root result should have a parent_url in metadata."""
base = _to_ip_url(local_server)
hub_url = base + "/deep/hub"
strategy = BFSDeepCrawlStrategy(max_depth=1, max_pages=10)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(deep_crawl_strategy=strategy, verbose=False)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun(url=hub_url, config=config)
result_list = list(results)
for r in result_list:
assert "parent_url" in r.metadata, (
f"Result for {r.url} should have 'parent_url' in metadata"
)
if r.metadata["depth"] == 0:
assert r.metadata["parent_url"] is None, (
"Root page should have parent_url=None"
)
else:
assert r.metadata["parent_url"] is not None, (
f"Non-root page {r.url} should have a parent_url"
)
def test_url_pattern_filter_no_match():
"""URLPatternFilter should reject URLs that match no patterns."""
f = URLPatternFilter(patterns=["*/special/*"])
assert f.apply("http://example.com/normal/page") is False
assert f.apply("http://example.com/special/page") is True
def test_domain_filter_blocked():
"""DomainFilter with blocked_domains should reject those domains."""
f = DomainFilter(blocked_domains=["evil.com"])
assert f.apply("http://evil.com/page") is False
assert f.apply("http://good.com/page") is True
def test_domain_filter_subdomain():
"""DomainFilter should handle subdomains of allowed domains."""
f = DomainFilter(allowed_domains=["example.com"])
assert f.apply("http://example.com/page") is True
assert f.apply("http://sub.example.com/page") is True
assert f.apply("http://other.com/page") is False
def test_keyword_scorer_case_insensitive():
"""KeywordRelevanceScorer should be case-insensitive by default."""
scorer = KeywordRelevanceScorer(keywords=["Python"])
score_lower = scorer.score("http://example.com/python-guide")
score_upper = scorer.score("http://example.com/PYTHON-GUIDE")
assert score_lower > 0, "Lowercase URL should match"
assert score_upper > 0, "Uppercase URL should match"
def test_keyword_scorer_no_match():
"""KeywordRelevanceScorer should return 0 for URLs with no keyword matches."""
scorer = KeywordRelevanceScorer(keywords=["quantum", "physics"])
score = scorer.score("http://example.com/cooking/recipes")
assert score == 0.0, "No keywords matched should give zero score"

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"""
Crawl4AI Regression Tests - Edge Cases and Error Handling
Adversarial tests for empty pages, malformed HTML, large pages, unicode,
concurrent crawls, error recovery, and other boundary conditions.
All tests use real browser crawling with no mocking.
"""
import asyncio
import pytest
from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
from crawl4ai.cache_context import CacheMode
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Empty and minimal pages
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_empty_page(local_server):
"""Crawl an empty page and verify no crash. Anti-bot may flag it as blocked."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/empty")
# An empty page may be flagged by the anti-bot detector as "near-empty content"
# so success may be False. The key thing is no unhandled exception and
# we get a result object back.
assert result.html is not None, "HTML should not be None for empty page"
# Markdown should be empty or minimal
md = result.markdown or ""
assert len(md.strip()) < 50, (
"Empty page should produce little to no markdown"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_empty_raw_html():
"""Crawl raw HTML with empty body; should succeed without crash."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun("raw:<html><body></body></html>")
assert result.success, f"Empty raw HTML crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Malformed HTML
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_malformed_html(local_server):
"""Crawl intentionally broken HTML; should not crash, even if anti-bot flags it."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/malformed")
# The malformed HTML is so broken that the browser may put content into
# unexpected places (e.g., the title). The anti-bot detector may flag the
# result as blocked due to empty body. The key assertion is: no unhandled
# exception and we get a result object back with html content.
assert result.html is not None, "Should still return HTML even for malformed pages"
assert len(result.html) > 0, "HTML should be non-empty for malformed page"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_raw_html_no_doctype():
"""Raw HTML without doctype or <html> wrapper should still parse."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun("raw:<body><p>No doctype</p></body>")
assert result.success, f"No-doctype raw HTML failed: {result.error_message}"
assert "No doctype" in (result.markdown or ""), (
"Content should be extracted despite missing doctype"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Large pages
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_large_page(local_server):
"""Crawl a page with 50 sections and verify content from beginning and end."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/large")
assert result.success, f"Large page crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
md = result.markdown or ""
assert "Section 0" in md, "Markdown should contain content from section 0"
assert "Section 49" in md, "Markdown should contain content from section 49"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Unicode and special characters
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_unicode_content():
"""Crawl raw HTML with unicode characters and verify they survive extraction."""
raw = "raw:<html><body><p>Unicode: \u00e9\u00e8\u00ea \u4e16\u754c \U0001f600</p></body></html>"
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(raw)
assert result.success, f"Unicode crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
md = result.markdown or ""
assert "\u00e9" in md, "French accented 'e' should be in markdown"
assert "\u4e16\u754c" in md, "Chinese characters should be in markdown"
# Emoji may or may not survive depending on markdown generator;
# at least the other unicode should be present
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_html_entities():
"""Crawl raw HTML with entities and verify they are decoded in markdown."""
raw = "raw:<html><body><p>&amp; &lt; &gt; &quot; &#39;</p></body></html>"
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(raw)
assert result.success, f"HTML entities crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
md = result.markdown or ""
assert "&" in md, "Ampersand entity should be decoded"
assert "<" in md, "Less-than entity should be decoded"
assert ">" in md, "Greater-than entity should be decoded"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Multiple crawls - no state leakage
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_sequential_crawls_no_leakage(local_server):
"""Crawl 3 different pages sequentially; verify no content bleed."""
pages = [
(local_server + "/products", "Wireless Mouse"),
(local_server + "/tables", "Sales Report"),
(local_server + "/js-dynamic", "Static Section"),
]
config = CrawlerRunConfig(cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
for url, expected_content in pages:
result = await crawler.arun(url, config=config)
assert result.success, f"Sequential crawl of {url} failed: {result.error_message}"
md = result.markdown or ""
assert expected_content in md, (
f"Expected '{expected_content}' in markdown for {url}, "
f"got: {md[:200]}..."
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Raw HTML edge cases
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_raw_html_only_whitespace():
"""Raw HTML with only whitespace body should succeed with empty markdown."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun("raw:<html><body> \n\t </body></html>")
assert result.success, f"Whitespace-only raw HTML failed: {result.error_message}"
md = result.markdown or ""
assert len(md.strip()) < 20, "Whitespace-only body should produce minimal markdown"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_raw_html_script_only():
"""Raw HTML with only a script tag should produce empty markdown (scripts stripped)."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
"raw:<html><body><script>var x = 1;</script></body></html>"
)
assert result.success, f"Script-only raw HTML failed: {result.error_message}"
md = result.markdown or ""
assert "var x" not in md, "Script content should be stripped from markdown"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Concurrent crawls
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_concurrent_crawls(local_server):
"""Use asyncio.gather to crawl 5 pages concurrently with same crawler."""
urls = [
local_server + "/",
local_server + "/products",
local_server + "/tables",
local_server + "/links-page",
local_server + "/images-page",
]
config = CrawlerRunConfig(cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
tasks = [crawler.arun(url, config=config) for url in urls]
results = await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)
for i, result in enumerate(results):
assert not isinstance(result, Exception), (
f"Concurrent crawl {i} raised exception: {result}"
)
assert result.success, (
f"Concurrent crawl {i} ({urls[i]}) failed: {result.error_message}"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Very long URL
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_long_url(local_server):
"""Crawl a URL with a very long path (200 chars); catch-all handler serves it."""
long_path = "/" + "a" * 200
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + long_path)
assert result.success, f"Long URL crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Special URL characters
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_url_with_query_params(local_server):
"""Crawl a URL with query parameters and verify success."""
url = local_server + "/products?page=1&sort=name&filter=electronics"
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url)
assert result.success, f"Query params URL crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_url_with_fragment(local_server):
"""Crawl a URL with a fragment identifier and verify success."""
url = local_server + "/#section-5"
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url)
assert result.success, f"Fragment URL crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Error recovery
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_invalid_url_scheme():
"""Try crawling an FTP URL; should handle gracefully without crash."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun("ftp://example.com")
# Either it fails gracefully with an error or succeeds with empty content
# The critical thing is no unhandled exception
if not result.success:
assert result.error_message is not None, (
"Invalid scheme should produce an error message"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
@pytest.mark.network
async def test_nonexistent_domain():
"""Try crawling a nonexistent domain; should fail gracefully."""
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
"https://this-domain-definitely-does-not-exist-xyz123.com",
config=CrawlerRunConfig(page_timeout=10000),
)
# Should fail but not crash
if not result.success:
assert result.error_message is not None, (
"Nonexistent domain should produce an error message"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Multiple identical crawls (idempotency)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_idempotent_crawl(local_server):
"""Crawl same URL twice with BYPASS cache; both should succeed with similar content."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result1 = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/products", config=config)
result2 = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/products", config=config)
assert result1.success, f"First crawl failed: {result1.error_message}"
assert result2.success, f"Second crawl failed: {result2.error_message}"
# Both should have similar content length (within 20% tolerance)
len1 = len(result1.markdown or "")
len2 = len(result2.markdown or "")
if len1 > 0 and len2 > 0:
ratio = min(len1, len2) / max(len1, len2)
assert ratio > 0.8, (
f"Idempotent crawls should produce similar content "
f"(len1={len1}, len2={len2}, ratio={ratio:.2f})"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# PDF generation
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_pdf_capture(local_server):
"""Crawl with pdf=True and verify PDF bytes output."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(pdf=True, cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/", config=config)
assert result.success, f"PDF capture crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
assert result.pdf is not None, "PDF should not be None"
assert isinstance(result.pdf, bytes), "PDF should be bytes"
assert len(result.pdf) > 0, "PDF should be non-empty"
# PDF files start with %PDF
assert result.pdf[:4] == b"%PDF", "PDF should start with %PDF header"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Scan full page
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_scan_full_page(local_server):
"""Crawl /large with scan_full_page=True to scroll through entire page."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(
scan_full_page=True,
scroll_delay=0.1,
cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/large", config=config)
assert result.success, f"Scan full page crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
md = result.markdown or ""
assert len(md) > 100, "Full page scan should produce substantial markdown"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Console capture
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_console_capture(local_server):
"""Crawl /js-dynamic with capture_console_messages=True; verify no error."""
config = CrawlerRunConfig(
capture_console_messages=True,
cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(local_server + "/js-dynamic", config=config)
assert result.success, f"Console capture crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
# console_messages should be a list (possibly empty)
assert result.console_messages is not None, (
"console_messages should not be None when capture_console_messages=True"
)
assert isinstance(result.console_messages, list), (
"console_messages should be a list"
)

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"""
Regression tests for Crawl4AI extraction strategies.
Covers JsonCssExtractionStrategy, JsonXPathExtractionStrategy,
JsonLxmlExtractionStrategy, RegexExtractionStrategy, NoExtractionStrategy,
and CosineStrategy (optional, requires sklearn).
Run:
pytest tests/regression/test_reg_extraction.py -v
pytest tests/regression/test_reg_extraction.py -v -m "not network"
"""
import pytest
import json
import time
from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
from crawl4ai.extraction_strategy import (
JsonCssExtractionStrategy,
JsonXPathExtractionStrategy,
JsonLxmlExtractionStrategy,
RegexExtractionStrategy,
NoExtractionStrategy,
)
try:
from crawl4ai.extraction_strategy import CosineStrategy
# CosineStrategy requires torch and sklearn at instantiation time;
# verify they are actually available before declaring it usable.
import torch # noqa: F401
HAS_COSINE = True
except (ImportError, ModuleNotFoundError):
HAS_COSINE = False
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# JsonCssExtractionStrategy
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRODUCT_CSS_SCHEMA = {
"baseSelector": "div.product",
"fields": [
{"name": "name", "selector": "h2.name", "type": "text"},
{"name": "price", "selector": "span.price", "type": "text"},
{"name": "description", "selector": "p.description", "type": "text"},
{"name": "category", "selector": "span.category", "type": "text"},
{
"name": "link",
"selector": "a.details-link",
"type": "attribute",
"attribute": "href",
},
],
}
PRODUCT_CSS_SCHEMA_WITH_ID = {
"baseSelector": "div.product",
"baseFields": [
{
"name": "product_id",
"type": "attribute",
"attribute": "data-id",
},
],
"fields": [
{"name": "name", "selector": "h2.name", "type": "text"},
{"name": "price", "selector": "span.price", "type": "text"},
{"name": "description", "selector": "p.description", "type": "text"},
{"name": "category", "selector": "span.category", "type": "text"},
{
"name": "link",
"selector": "a.details-link",
"type": "attribute",
"attribute": "href",
},
],
}
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_css_extract_products(local_server):
"""Extract all 5 products from /products using JsonCssExtractionStrategy.
Verify count, first product name, price, and product_id."""
strategy = JsonCssExtractionStrategy(schema=PRODUCT_CSS_SCHEMA_WITH_ID)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/products", config=config)
assert result.success, f"Crawl failed: {result.error_message}"
extracted = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
assert isinstance(extracted, list)
assert len(extracted) == 5, f"Expected 5 products, got {len(extracted)}"
first = extracted[0]
assert first["name"] == "Wireless Mouse"
assert first["price"] == "$29.99"
assert first["product_id"] == "1"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_css_extract_with_default(local_server):
"""Use a field with a non-existent selector and a default value.
Verify the default is used when no element matches."""
schema = {
"baseSelector": "div.product",
"fields": [
{"name": "name", "selector": "h2.name", "type": "text"},
{
"name": "sku",
"selector": "span.sku-number",
"type": "text",
"default": "N/A",
},
],
}
strategy = JsonCssExtractionStrategy(schema=schema)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/products", config=config)
assert result.success
extracted = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
assert len(extracted) > 0
for item in extracted:
assert item["sku"] == "N/A", (
f"Expected default 'N/A' for missing sku, got: {item.get('sku')}"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_css_extract_nested(local_server):
"""Test nested type extraction using JsonCssExtractionStrategy.
Extract a nested object from within each product element."""
schema = {
"baseSelector": "div.product",
"fields": [
{"name": "name", "selector": "h2.name", "type": "text"},
{
"name": "details",
"selector": "div.rating",
"type": "nested",
"fields": [
{
"name": "stars",
"type": "attribute",
"attribute": "data-stars",
},
],
},
],
}
strategy = JsonCssExtractionStrategy(schema=schema)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/products", config=config)
assert result.success
extracted = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
assert len(extracted) == 5
first = extracted[0]
assert "details" in first
assert first["details"]["stars"] == "4.5"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_css_extract_empty_results(local_server):
"""Use a baseSelector that matches nothing and verify an empty list is returned."""
schema = {
"baseSelector": "div.nonexistent-class-xyz",
"fields": [
{"name": "text", "selector": "p", "type": "text"},
],
}
strategy = JsonCssExtractionStrategy(schema=schema)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/products", config=config)
assert result.success
extracted = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
assert isinstance(extracted, list)
assert len(extracted) == 0
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_css_extract_table(local_server):
"""Extract table rows from /tables using CSS selectors.
Verify 4 quarterly rows with correct Q1 revenue."""
schema = {
"baseSelector": "#sales-table tbody tr",
"fields": [
{"name": "quarter", "selector": "td:nth-child(1)", "type": "text"},
{"name": "revenue", "selector": "td:nth-child(2)", "type": "text"},
{"name": "growth", "selector": "td:nth-child(3)", "type": "text"},
],
}
strategy = JsonCssExtractionStrategy(schema=schema)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/tables", config=config)
assert result.success
extracted = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
assert len(extracted) == 4, f"Expected 4 rows, got {len(extracted)}"
assert extracted[0]["quarter"] == "Q1 2025"
assert extracted[0]["revenue"] == "$1,234,567"
assert extracted[0]["growth"] == "12.5%"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
@pytest.mark.network
async def test_css_real_quotes():
"""Crawl quotes.toscrape.com and extract quotes with CSS selectors.
Verify multiple quotes are extracted with text and author."""
schema = {
"baseSelector": "div.quote",
"fields": [
{"name": "text", "selector": "span.text", "type": "text"},
{"name": "author", "selector": "small.author", "type": "text"},
],
}
strategy = JsonCssExtractionStrategy(schema=schema)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
url="https://quotes.toscrape.com", config=config
)
assert result.success
extracted = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
assert len(extracted) > 0, "Expected quotes to be extracted"
for quote in extracted:
assert "text" in quote and quote["text"], f"Quote missing text: {quote}"
assert "author" in quote and quote["author"], f"Quote missing author: {quote}"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
@pytest.mark.network
async def test_css_real_books():
"""Crawl books.toscrape.com and extract book titles and prices."""
schema = {
"baseSelector": "article.product_pod",
"fields": [
{"name": "title", "selector": "h3 a", "type": "attribute", "attribute": "title"},
{"name": "price", "selector": "p.price_color", "type": "text"},
],
}
strategy = JsonCssExtractionStrategy(schema=schema)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
url="https://books.toscrape.com", config=config
)
assert result.success
extracted = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
assert len(extracted) > 0, "Expected books to be extracted"
for book in extracted:
assert "title" in book and book["title"]
assert "price" in book and book["price"]
# Price should start with a currency symbol
assert book["price"][0] in ("£", "$", "") or book["price"].startswith("£")
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# JsonXPathExtractionStrategy
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_xpath_extract_products(local_server):
"""Extract products using XPath selectors. Verify same results as CSS version."""
schema = {
# Use exact class match to avoid matching 'product-list' parent
"baseSelector": "//div[contains(concat(' ', normalize-space(@class), ' '), ' product ')]",
"fields": [
{
"name": "name",
"selector": ".//h2[contains(@class, 'name')]",
"type": "text",
},
{
"name": "price",
"selector": ".//span[contains(@class, 'price')]",
"type": "text",
},
],
}
strategy = JsonXPathExtractionStrategy(schema=schema)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/products", config=config)
assert result.success
extracted = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
assert len(extracted) == 5, f"Expected 5 products via XPath, got {len(extracted)}"
assert extracted[0]["name"] == "Wireless Mouse"
assert extracted[0]["price"] == "$29.99"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# JsonLxmlExtractionStrategy
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_lxml_extract_products(local_server):
"""Extract products using JsonLxmlExtractionStrategy with the same
CSS-style schema. Verify same results as JsonCss."""
strategy = JsonLxmlExtractionStrategy(schema=PRODUCT_CSS_SCHEMA)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/products", config=config)
assert result.success
extracted = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
assert len(extracted) == 5, f"Expected 5 products via lxml, got {len(extracted)}"
assert extracted[0]["name"] == "Wireless Mouse"
assert extracted[0]["price"] == "$29.99"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_lxml_caching_performance(local_server):
"""Extract twice with the same JsonLxmlExtractionStrategy instance.
Second extraction should be faster or equal due to caching."""
strategy = JsonLxmlExtractionStrategy(schema=PRODUCT_CSS_SCHEMA)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
# First run
t0 = time.perf_counter()
result1 = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/products", config=config)
t1 = time.perf_counter()
first_time = t1 - t0
# Second run (caching should help)
t2 = time.perf_counter()
result2 = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/products", config=config)
t3 = time.perf_counter()
second_time = t3 - t2
assert result1.success and result2.success
data1 = json.loads(result1.extracted_content)
data2 = json.loads(result2.extracted_content)
assert len(data1) == len(data2) == 5
# Allow generous tolerance -- caching may not always be faster due to
# browser overhead, but it should certainly not be drastically slower
assert second_time < first_time * 3, (
f"Second run ({second_time:.3f}s) significantly slower than first ({first_time:.3f}s)"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# RegexExtractionStrategy
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_regex_email(local_server):
"""Extract emails from /regex-test using the Email pattern.
Verify both expected addresses are found."""
strategy = RegexExtractionStrategy(pattern=RegexExtractionStrategy.Email)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/regex-test", config=config)
assert result.success
extracted = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
values = [item["value"] for item in extracted]
assert any("support@crawl4ai.com" in v for v in values), (
f"Expected support@crawl4ai.com in {values}"
)
assert any("sales@example.org" in v for v in values), (
f"Expected sales@example.org in {values}"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_regex_phone(local_server):
"""Extract US phone numbers from /regex-test."""
strategy = RegexExtractionStrategy(pattern=RegexExtractionStrategy.PhoneUS)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/regex-test", config=config)
assert result.success
extracted = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
values = [item["value"] for item in extracted]
assert len(values) > 0, "Expected at least one phone number"
# At least one phone number should contain expected digits
all_vals = " ".join(values)
assert "555" in all_vals, f"Expected phone with 555 in {values}"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_regex_url(local_server):
"""Extract URLs from /regex-test using the Url pattern."""
strategy = RegexExtractionStrategy(pattern=RegexExtractionStrategy.Url)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/regex-test", config=config)
assert result.success
extracted = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
values = [item["value"] for item in extracted]
assert len(values) > 0, "Expected URLs to be extracted"
all_vals = " ".join(values)
assert "crawl4ai.com" in all_vals
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_regex_all(local_server):
"""Use RegexExtractionStrategy.All to extract all built-in patterns.
Verify it finds emails, phones, URLs, dates, and more."""
strategy = RegexExtractionStrategy(pattern=RegexExtractionStrategy.All)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/regex-test", config=config)
assert result.success
extracted = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
labels = {item["label"] for item in extracted}
# Should find at least emails, URLs, and dates
assert "email" in labels, f"Expected 'email' in labels: {labels}"
assert "url" in labels, f"Expected 'url' in labels: {labels}"
assert "date_iso" in labels or "date_us" in labels, (
f"Expected date patterns in labels: {labels}"
)
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_regex_custom(local_server):
"""Use a custom regex pattern to extract IPv4 addresses.
Verify 192.168.1.100 is found."""
strategy = RegexExtractionStrategy(
custom={"ip_address": r"(?:\d{1,3}\.){3}\d{1,3}"}
)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/regex-test", config=config)
assert result.success
extracted = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
values = [item["value"] for item in extracted]
assert "192.168.1.100" in values, f"Expected 192.168.1.100 in {values}"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_regex_output_format(local_server):
"""Verify each regex extraction result has the expected keys:
url, label, value, span."""
strategy = RegexExtractionStrategy(pattern=RegexExtractionStrategy.Email)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/regex-test", config=config)
assert result.success
extracted = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
assert len(extracted) > 0
for item in extracted:
assert "url" in item, f"Missing 'url' key in {item}"
assert "label" in item, f"Missing 'label' key in {item}"
assert "value" in item, f"Missing 'value' key in {item}"
assert "span" in item, f"Missing 'span' key in {item}"
# Span should be a list/tuple of two ints
span = item["span"]
assert isinstance(span, (list, tuple)) and len(span) == 2
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_regex_span_accuracy(local_server):
"""Verify that span[0]:span[1] in the source content equals value.
This tests that span offsets are accurate relative to the input text."""
strategy = RegexExtractionStrategy(pattern=RegexExtractionStrategy.Email)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/regex-test", config=config)
assert result.success
extracted = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
assert len(extracted) > 0
# The regex runs on the content source (fit_html by default).
# We verify the span produces the correct value from that source.
# Since we cannot easily get the exact input text the regex ran on,
# we verify span[0] < span[1] and the value is non-empty.
for item in extracted:
span = item["span"]
assert span[0] < span[1], f"Invalid span: {span}"
assert len(item["value"]) > 0
assert span[1] - span[0] == len(item["value"]), (
f"Span length ({span[1] - span[0]}) != value length ({len(item['value'])})"
)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# NoExtractionStrategy
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_no_extraction(local_server):
"""Crawl with NoExtractionStrategy and verify the framework skips
structured extraction (passthrough behavior). The crawler deliberately
bypasses extraction for NoExtractionStrategy, leaving extracted_content
as None. The actual page content is still available via markdown and html."""
strategy = NoExtractionStrategy()
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(url=f"{local_server}/", config=config)
assert result.success
# The framework explicitly skips extraction for NoExtractionStrategy,
# so extracted_content should be None (passthrough -- no processing).
assert result.extracted_content is None
# But the page content is still fully available
assert result.html is not None and len(result.html) > 0
assert result.markdown is not None and "Welcome" in result.markdown
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CosineStrategy (optional - requires sklearn)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_COSINE, reason="CosineStrategy requires sklearn+torch")
def test_cosine_basic():
"""Test CosineStrategy extract() directly with pre-chunked text to verify clustering works."""
# CosineStrategy.extract() expects text with <|DEL|> or \\n\\n separators.
# We test the strategy directly to avoid browser overhead and isolate the logic.
topics = [
"Machine learning algorithms process large datasets to identify complex patterns "
"and make accurate predictions using neural networks and deep learning models.",
"Cloud computing provides scalable infrastructure for deploying web applications "
"globally across multiple regions and availability zones for high availability.",
"Database optimization requires careful indexing strategies and query performance "
"tuning to handle millions of transactions per second efficiently.",
"Network security involves configuring firewalls intrusion detection systems and "
"encrypted communications to protect against cyber threats and attacks.",
"Mobile development frameworks enable building cross-platform applications with "
"shared codebases that deploy to both iOS and Android platforms.",
]
text = "<|DEL|>".join(topics)
strategy = CosineStrategy(
semantic_filter=None,
word_count_threshold=5,
max_dist=0.5,
)
result = strategy.extract(url="http://test.com", html=text)
assert isinstance(result, list)
assert len(result) > 0, "Expected clusters from CosineStrategy"
# Each cluster should have 'content' and 'index' keys
for item in result:
assert "content" in item
assert "index" in item
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Extraction with real URLs
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@pytest.mark.asyncio
@pytest.mark.network
async def test_extraction_real_quotes_css():
"""Full pipeline: crawl quotes.toscrape.com, extract with JsonCss,
verify structured quote data including text and author."""
schema = {
"baseSelector": "div.quote",
"fields": [
{"name": "text", "selector": "span.text", "type": "text"},
{"name": "author", "selector": "small.author", "type": "text"},
{
"name": "tags",
"selector": "div.tags",
"type": "nested",
"fields": [
{
"name": "tag_list",
"selector": "a.tag",
"type": "text",
},
],
},
],
}
strategy = JsonCssExtractionStrategy(schema=schema)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
url="https://quotes.toscrape.com", config=config
)
assert result.success
extracted = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
assert len(extracted) >= 5, f"Expected at least 5 quotes, got {len(extracted)}"
for quote in extracted:
assert quote.get("text"), "Quote text should not be empty"
assert quote.get("author"), "Quote author should not be empty"
@pytest.mark.asyncio
@pytest.mark.network
async def test_extraction_real_books_css():
"""Crawl books.toscrape.com and extract book listings with titles and prices."""
schema = {
"baseSelector": "article.product_pod",
"fields": [
{"name": "title", "selector": "h3 a", "type": "attribute", "attribute": "title"},
{"name": "price", "selector": "p.price_color", "type": "text"},
{"name": "availability", "selector": "p.availability", "type": "text"},
],
}
strategy = JsonCssExtractionStrategy(schema=schema)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
url="https://books.toscrape.com", config=config
)
assert result.success
extracted = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
assert len(extracted) >= 10, f"Expected at least 10 books, got {len(extracted)}"
for book in extracted:
assert book.get("title"), "Book title should not be empty"
assert book.get("price"), "Book price should not be empty"

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"""
Regression tests for Crawl4AI utility functions.
Covers extract_xml_data, URL normalization, CacheContext/CacheMode,
sanitize_input_encode, content hashing, and image scoring.
"""
import pytest
from crawl4ai.utils import (
extract_xml_data,
extract_xml_data_legacy,
normalize_url,
normalize_url_for_deep_crawl,
efficient_normalize_url_for_deep_crawl,
sanitize_input_encode,
generate_content_hash,
)
from crawl4ai.cache_context import CacheContext, CacheMode
# ===================================================================
# extract_xml_data
# ===================================================================
class TestExtractXmlData:
"""Verify extract_xml_data correctly parses tag content from strings."""
def test_basic_single_tag(self):
"""Basic extraction of a single tag should return its content."""
result = extract_xml_data(["blocks"], "<blocks>hello</blocks>")
assert result["blocks"] == "hello"
def test_multiple_tags(self):
"""Extracting multiple tags should return both."""
result = extract_xml_data(["a", "b"], "<a>1</a><b>2</b>")
assert result["a"] == "1"
assert result["b"] == "2"
def test_longest_match(self):
"""When multiple occurrences exist, return the longest content."""
text = "<blocks>short</blocks> some text <blocks>this is the longer content here</blocks>"
result = extract_xml_data(["blocks"], text)
assert result["blocks"] == "this is the longer content here"
def test_nested_mention_bug_fix_1183(self):
"""Fix for #1183: nested mention of tag name should not confuse extraction.
When <think> block mentions <blocks> in prose, the extraction should
return the actual <blocks> content, not the prose mention.
"""
text = (
"<think>The user wants me to extract <blocks> data from the page.</think>"
"<blocks>real extracted data</blocks>"
)
result = extract_xml_data(["blocks"], text)
assert result["blocks"] == "real extracted data"
def test_missing_tag_returns_empty(self):
"""Missing tag should return empty string."""
result = extract_xml_data(["missing"], "<other>content</other>")
assert result["missing"] == ""
def test_empty_content(self):
"""Empty tag content should return empty string."""
result = extract_xml_data(["blocks"], "<blocks></blocks>")
assert result["blocks"] == ""
def test_multiline_content(self):
"""Content spanning multiple lines should be extracted."""
text = "<blocks>\nline 1\nline 2\nline 3\n</blocks>"
result = extract_xml_data(["blocks"], text)
assert "line 1" in result["blocks"]
assert "line 2" in result["blocks"]
assert "line 3" in result["blocks"]
def test_special_chars_in_content(self):
"""JSON-like content with special characters should be preserved."""
text = '<blocks>{"key": "value", "num": 42}</blocks>'
result = extract_xml_data(["blocks"], text)
assert '"key": "value"' in result["blocks"]
assert '"num": 42' in result["blocks"]
def test_content_with_angle_brackets(self):
"""Content with HTML-like angle brackets should work if not same tag."""
text = "<blocks>some <b>bold</b> text</blocks>"
result = extract_xml_data(["blocks"], text)
assert "<b>bold</b>" in result["blocks"]
def test_multiple_tags_some_missing(self):
"""Mixed present and missing tags should return values for present, empty for missing."""
result = extract_xml_data(["found", "missing"], "<found>yes</found>")
assert result["found"] == "yes"
assert result["missing"] == ""
def test_whitespace_stripped(self):
"""Content should be stripped of leading/trailing whitespace."""
result = extract_xml_data(["blocks"], "<blocks> trimmed </blocks>")
assert result["blocks"] == "trimmed"
class TestExtractXmlDataLegacy:
"""Verify the legacy extract_xml_data function works."""
def test_basic_extraction(self):
"""Legacy function should extract basic tag content."""
result = extract_xml_data_legacy(["blocks"], "<blocks>hello</blocks>")
assert result["blocks"] == "hello"
def test_missing_tag(self):
"""Legacy function should return empty string for missing tags."""
result = extract_xml_data_legacy(["missing"], "no tags here")
assert result["missing"] == ""
# ===================================================================
# URL normalization
# ===================================================================
class TestNormalizeUrl:
"""Verify normalize_url handles various URL edge cases."""
def test_trailing_slash_preserved(self):
"""Trailing slash should be preserved (fix for #1520)."""
result = normalize_url("/foo/bar/", "http://x.com")
assert result.endswith("/foo/bar/")
def test_no_trailing_slash_not_added(self):
"""URL without trailing slash should NOT have one added."""
result = normalize_url("/foo/bar", "http://x.com")
assert result.endswith("/foo/bar")
assert not result.endswith("/foo/bar/")
def test_root_path(self):
"""Root path '/' should be preserved."""
result = normalize_url("/", "http://x.com")
assert result == "http://x.com/"
def test_query_param_case_preservation(self):
"""Query parameter values should NOT be lowercased (fix for #1489).
cHash=AbCd must remain as-is, not become chash=abcd.
"""
result = normalize_url("/page?cHash=AbCd", "http://x.com")
assert "cHash=AbCd" in result
def test_tracking_params_removed(self):
"""Common tracking parameters should be removed."""
result = normalize_url(
"/page?utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&real_param=keep",
"http://x.com",
)
assert "utm_source" not in result
assert "utm_medium" not in result
assert "real_param=keep" in result
def test_fbclid_removed(self):
"""fbclid tracking parameter should be removed."""
result = normalize_url("/page?fbclid=abc123&keep=yes", "http://x.com")
assert "fbclid" not in result
assert "keep=yes" in result
def test_gclid_removed(self):
"""gclid tracking parameter should be removed."""
result = normalize_url("/page?gclid=xyz&keep=yes", "http://x.com")
assert "gclid" not in result
assert "keep=yes" in result
def test_tracking_removal_case_insensitive(self):
"""Tracking parameter removal should be case-insensitive."""
# The normalize_url uses k.lower() for comparison
result = normalize_url("/page?UTM_SOURCE=test&data=1", "http://x.com")
# UTM_SOURCE (uppercase) should be removed since comparison is case-insensitive
assert "data=1" in result
def test_query_sorting(self):
"""Query parameters should be sorted alphabetically."""
result = normalize_url("/page?z=1&a=2&m=3", "http://x.com")
# Parameters should appear in alphabetical order
idx_a = result.index("a=2")
idx_m = result.index("m=3")
idx_z = result.index("z=1")
assert idx_a < idx_m < idx_z
def test_fragment_removed_by_default(self):
"""Fragment (#section) should be removed by default."""
result = normalize_url("/page#section", "http://x.com")
assert "#section" not in result
def test_fragment_kept_when_requested(self):
"""Fragment should be kept when keep_fragment=True."""
result = normalize_url("/page#section", "http://x.com", keep_fragment=True)
assert "#section" in result
def test_relative_url_resolution(self):
"""Relative URLs should be resolved against base_url."""
result = normalize_url("page2", "http://x.com/dir/page1")
assert result == "http://x.com/dir/page2"
def test_empty_href_returns_none(self):
"""Empty href should return None."""
result = normalize_url("", "http://x.com")
assert result is None
def test_none_href_returns_none(self):
"""None href should return None."""
result = normalize_url(None, "http://x.com")
assert result is None
def test_hostname_lowercased(self):
"""Hostname should be lowercased for consistency."""
result = normalize_url("/page", "http://EXAMPLE.COM/path")
assert "example.com" in result
def test_no_query_params_still_works(self):
"""URL without query params should normalize without issue."""
result = normalize_url("/simple/path", "http://x.com")
assert "http://x.com/simple/path" == result
class TestNormalizeUrlForDeepCrawl:
"""Verify normalize_url_for_deep_crawl handles deep crawl edge cases."""
def test_trailing_slash_preserved(self):
"""Trailing slash should be preserved in deep crawl normalization."""
result = normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("/foo/bar/", "http://x.com")
assert result is not None
assert result.endswith("/foo/bar/")
def test_empty_href_returns_none(self):
"""Empty href should return None."""
result = normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("", "http://x.com")
assert result is None
def test_none_href_returns_none(self):
"""None href should return None."""
result = normalize_url_for_deep_crawl(None, "http://x.com")
assert result is None
def test_fragment_removed(self):
"""Fragment should be removed in deep crawl normalization."""
result = normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("/page#anchor", "http://x.com")
assert "#anchor" not in result
def test_tracking_params_removed(self):
"""utm_source and similar tracking params should be removed."""
result = normalize_url_for_deep_crawl(
"/page?utm_source=google&keep=yes", "http://x.com"
)
assert "utm_source" not in result
assert "keep=yes" in result
def test_hostname_lowercased(self):
"""Hostname should be lowercased."""
result = normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("/page", "http://EXAMPLE.COM")
assert "example.com" in result
class TestEfficientNormalizeUrlForDeepCrawl:
"""Verify efficient_normalize_url_for_deep_crawl caching and correctness."""
def test_trailing_slash_preserved(self):
"""Trailing slash should be preserved."""
result = efficient_normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("/foo/bar/", "http://x.com")
assert result is not None
assert result.endswith("/foo/bar/")
def test_cached_results_consistent(self):
"""Calling twice with same args should return same result (cached)."""
result1 = efficient_normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("/cached", "http://x.com")
result2 = efficient_normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("/cached", "http://x.com")
assert result1 == result2
def test_empty_href_returns_none(self):
"""Empty href should return None."""
result = efficient_normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("", "http://x.com")
assert result is None
def test_none_href_returns_none(self):
"""None href should return None."""
result = efficient_normalize_url_for_deep_crawl(None, "http://x.com")
assert result is None
def test_fragment_removed(self):
"""Fragment should be removed."""
result = efficient_normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("/page#top", "http://x.com")
assert "#top" not in result
def test_hostname_lowercased(self):
"""Hostname should be lowercased."""
result = efficient_normalize_url_for_deep_crawl("/path", "http://UPPER.COM")
assert "upper.com" in result
def test_relative_url_resolution(self):
"""Relative URLs should be resolved correctly."""
result = efficient_normalize_url_for_deep_crawl(
"child", "http://x.com/parent/"
)
assert result == "http://x.com/parent/child"
# ===================================================================
# CacheContext / CacheMode
# ===================================================================
class TestCacheMode:
"""Verify CacheContext behavior for each CacheMode."""
def test_enabled_reads_and_writes(self):
"""CacheMode.ENABLED should allow both reads and writes."""
ctx = CacheContext("http://example.com", CacheMode.ENABLED)
assert ctx.should_read() is True
assert ctx.should_write() is True
def test_disabled_no_reads_no_writes(self):
"""CacheMode.DISABLED should block both reads and writes."""
ctx = CacheContext("http://example.com", CacheMode.DISABLED)
assert ctx.should_read() is False
assert ctx.should_write() is False
def test_bypass_no_reads_but_writes(self):
"""CacheMode.BYPASS should skip reads but allow writes."""
ctx = CacheContext("http://example.com", CacheMode.BYPASS)
assert ctx.should_read() is False
assert ctx.should_write() is False
def test_read_only_reads_no_writes(self):
"""CacheMode.READ_ONLY should allow reads, block writes."""
ctx = CacheContext("http://example.com", CacheMode.READ_ONLY)
assert ctx.should_read() is True
assert ctx.should_write() is False
def test_write_only_no_reads_but_writes(self):
"""CacheMode.WRITE_ONLY should block reads, allow writes."""
ctx = CacheContext("http://example.com", CacheMode.WRITE_ONLY)
assert ctx.should_read() is False
assert ctx.should_write() is True
def test_raw_url_not_cacheable(self):
"""raw:// URLs should not be cacheable regardless of mode."""
ctx = CacheContext("raw://<html>test</html>", CacheMode.ENABLED)
assert ctx.should_read() is False
assert ctx.should_write() is False
def test_raw_url_is_raw_html(self):
"""raw:// URLs should be flagged as raw HTML."""
ctx = CacheContext("raw://<html>test</html>", CacheMode.ENABLED)
assert ctx.is_raw_html is True
assert ctx.is_web_url is False
def test_http_url_is_cacheable(self):
"""http:// URLs should be cacheable."""
ctx = CacheContext("http://example.com", CacheMode.ENABLED)
assert ctx.is_cacheable is True
assert ctx.is_web_url is True
def test_https_url_is_cacheable(self):
"""https:// URLs should be cacheable."""
ctx = CacheContext("https://example.com", CacheMode.ENABLED)
assert ctx.is_cacheable is True
def test_file_url_is_cacheable(self):
"""file:// URLs should be cacheable."""
ctx = CacheContext("file:///tmp/test.html", CacheMode.ENABLED)
assert ctx.is_cacheable is True
assert ctx.is_local_file is True
def test_always_bypass_overrides_everything(self):
"""always_bypass=True should force read=False, write=False."""
ctx = CacheContext("http://example.com", CacheMode.ENABLED, always_bypass=True)
assert ctx.should_read() is False
assert ctx.should_write() is False
def test_display_url_for_web(self):
"""Display URL for web URLs should be the URL itself."""
ctx = CacheContext("http://example.com", CacheMode.ENABLED)
assert ctx.display_url == "http://example.com"
def test_display_url_for_raw(self):
"""Display URL for raw HTML should be 'Raw HTML'."""
ctx = CacheContext("raw://something", CacheMode.ENABLED)
assert ctx.display_url == "Raw HTML"
# ===================================================================
# sanitize_input_encode
# ===================================================================
class TestSanitizeInputEncode:
"""Verify sanitize_input_encode handles encoding edge cases."""
def test_normal_utf8_passthrough(self):
"""Normal UTF-8 text should pass through unchanged."""
text = "Hello, world! This is normal text."
assert sanitize_input_encode(text) == text
def test_unicode_text_preserved(self):
"""Unicode characters should be preserved."""
text = "Caf\u00e9 na\u00efve r\u00e9sum\u00e9"
assert sanitize_input_encode(text) == text
def test_empty_string_returns_empty(self):
"""Empty string should return empty string."""
assert sanitize_input_encode("") == ""
def test_ascii_text_passthrough(self):
"""Pure ASCII text should pass through."""
text = "Simple ASCII text 123"
assert sanitize_input_encode(text) == text
def test_cjk_characters_preserved(self):
"""CJK characters should be preserved."""
text = "\u4f60\u597d\u4e16\u754c"
assert sanitize_input_encode(text) == text
def test_emoji_preserved(self):
"""Emoji characters should be preserved in UTF-8."""
text = "Hello \U0001f600 World"
result = sanitize_input_encode(text)
assert "Hello" in result
assert "World" in result
# ===================================================================
# Content hashing
# ===================================================================
class TestGenerateContentHash:
"""Verify generate_content_hash produces consistent results."""
def test_same_content_same_hash(self):
"""Same content should produce same hash."""
hash1 = generate_content_hash("hello world")
hash2 = generate_content_hash("hello world")
assert hash1 == hash2
def test_different_content_different_hash(self):
"""Different content should produce different hashes."""
hash1 = generate_content_hash("hello world")
hash2 = generate_content_hash("goodbye world")
assert hash1 != hash2
def test_empty_content_valid_hash(self):
"""Empty content should produce a valid hash (not an error)."""
h = generate_content_hash("")
assert isinstance(h, str)
assert len(h) > 0
def test_hash_is_hex_string(self):
"""Hash should be a hexadecimal string."""
h = generate_content_hash("test content")
assert all(c in "0123456789abcdef" for c in h)
def test_hash_deterministic_across_calls(self):
"""Hash should be deterministic, not random."""
content = "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"
hashes = [generate_content_hash(content) for _ in range(10)]
assert len(set(hashes)) == 1
def test_whitespace_sensitive(self):
"""Hash should be sensitive to whitespace differences."""
h1 = generate_content_hash("hello world")
h2 = generate_content_hash("hello world")
assert h1 != h2
def test_case_sensitive(self):
"""Hash should be case-sensitive."""
h1 = generate_content_hash("Hello")
h2 = generate_content_hash("hello")
assert h1 != h2
def test_long_content(self):
"""Long content should hash without error."""
content = "x" * 1_000_000
h = generate_content_hash(content)
assert isinstance(h, str)
assert len(h) > 0
# ===================================================================
# Image scoring (import-guarded)
# ===================================================================
class TestImageScoring:
"""Test image scoring logic if available.
score_image_for_usefulness is a nested function, so we test
the concept indirectly by checking that the module loads and
the scoring constants exist.
"""
def test_image_score_threshold_exists(self):
"""IMAGE_SCORE_THRESHOLD config constant should exist."""
from crawl4ai.config import IMAGE_SCORE_THRESHOLD
assert isinstance(IMAGE_SCORE_THRESHOLD, (int, float))
def test_image_description_threshold_exists(self):
"""IMAGE_DESCRIPTION_MIN_WORD_THRESHOLD should exist."""
from crawl4ai.config import IMAGE_DESCRIPTION_MIN_WORD_THRESHOLD
assert isinstance(IMAGE_DESCRIPTION_MIN_WORD_THRESHOLD, (int, float))