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[GH-ISSUE #4322] [Bug] Linux exit race reports an exited owned process as a token mismatch #1717
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opened 2026-10-16 21:09:24 +00:00 by bsakaguchi
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Originally created by @SII-YDD on GitHub (Oct 16, 2026).
Original GitHub issue: https://github.com/morluto/rea/issues/4322
Before submitting
environ cleanup,token mismatch, andempty environment.Area
Process capture or runtime observation
Observed behavior
An owned Node child that acknowledges shutdown and then exits naturally can make
cleanupOwnedProcessGroupreturncleaned:falsewithprocess ownership token mismatch. A fresh observation at the missing-token read finds that PID already zombie or absent. After the actual child exit event, a cleanup retry succeeds without signaling anything.Observed in an isolated Linux arm64 container using actual Node processes, independent of Hopper/Jadx. One bounded100-case diagnostic run produced6 initial failures; every one of the100 post-exit retries reported cleaned. These counts describe this run, not an estimated failure probability.
Reproduction
Build the source (
npm ci,npm run build:cached). The attached reduced reproducer uses the compiled production modules and starts100 source-owned Node children, each with an exact run token viaspawnOwnedProviderProcess. Each child writesready, acknowledges a stdin shutdown request, then exits after1..5ms. Immediately after the acknowledgement, callcleanupOwnedProcessGroup; record a fresh/proc/PID/statstate only when the production environment reader returns no run token. Join the exit event and call cleanup again. All children are joined and all groups are verified cleaned.A100-case immediate-cleanup control without acknowledgement/delayed exit had0 failures. The acknowledgement/exit interleaving exposes the issue; no test retries, skip, assertion, timeout or ownership policy was changed. Full executable script follows.
Run from the source checkout root on Linux with Node24.18.0 and
psavailable:node repro.mjs. Output is a JSON ledger. The actual run mounted compiled source read-only intonode:24.18.0-bookworm-slimwith Docker init and installedprocpsfrom cached, signed-index Debian packages; no GitHub credentials were mounted or passed into children.Expected behavior
When ownership becomes unreadable because a captured process has exited, retain that uncertainty and confirm liveness before reporting a live foreign-token mismatch. Existing live foreign-process, missing/mismatched-token and unreadable-identity cases must still fail closed; this report does not propose ignoring mismatches or signaling based only on PID.
Impact and scope
Intermittent cleanup failures can retain a runtime root/lease and fail tests until cleanup retry. This was investigated following the unrelated reconstruction fix #3802: its first local full coverage retry failed
binarySessionCleanupRetry.test.tswith this symptom and secondary ENOTEMPTY. The original evaluator baseline also reproduced the Hopper failure in a diagnostic50-repeat copy (84pass/16fail across100cases). A process-boundary diagnostic run saw the same mismatch in Jadx cleanup, while Hopper passed that time. These are fixture/boundary observations, not real Hopper/Jadx engine verification.Formal priority: not triaged. Other OS/architectures and real engines: NOT_ENOUGH_INFO, not tested for this race. No unauthorized signaling was observed; the failure remained conservative.
REA version
Source
9315aa6698bcf5d595978a375c5f2ac299081185, incorporating upstream1bd5c5c87e81b27bfb16140f71ffa03563e58477. The process ownership implementation is unchanged by #3802.Runtime and platform
Node24.18.0; Linux arm64; Debian bookworm container; procps; Docker
--init. HOME is the container account home, SHLVL=1. No real engine required.Target and artifact context
Source-owned, short-lived Node child processes only.
Interface
Other — compiled production process-ownership API and existing boundary tests.
Earliest failure stage
Cleanup, cancellation, or lifecycle.
Relevant output or evidence
Analysis or suspected cause
Source-derived: Linux
createSystemProcessOwnershipHost.environmentparses/proc/PID/environ;readProcessRunTokensprojects the missing key asstate:readable, runId:undefined.processRunTokenFailuresclassifies that as mismatch.recheckOwnershipFailuresintentionally never clears readable mismatches and only rechecks unreadable/identity failures.liveProcessesalready filters zombies at snapshot time (#233); an exit between that snapshot and the token read is a distinct interleaving. The observations support this path, but a production correction and its negative controls have not been implemented or verified. A change should preserve the intended live-foreign-token protection.AI-assisted reproduction/report. Original failed logs and passing controls retained; no production change is claimed.
Related lifecycle audit: #4227. Distinct from #4282, which reports token visibility on still-live Chromium processes; this reduced case uses a Node process that is exiting. Related #233 already filters zombies present in the initial snapshot. Current #4274 does not change the process token-read/recheck boundary in this reproduction.
@Jackzigen commented on GitHub (Oct 16, 2026):
Confirmed against the current implementation: on Linux an owned child that has exited but not yet been reaped still yields a readable-but-empty
/proc/<pid>/environ, which classifies asrun-token-mismatchrather thanenvironment-unreadable.recheckOwnershipFailuresthen early-returns for a mismatch-only failure set, so the fresh process-table liveness check never runs for exactly the case that needs it — a zombie PID is no longer in the live table and would have been cleared. That matches the reproducer's 6/100 first-cleanup failures with all 100 post-exit retries clean.I'd like to take this one. Planned direction: run the liveness recheck for mismatch failures too, and clear any failure whose PID is absent from the fresh live table (a still-live mismatch keeps failing closed; a recheck error still retains everything). Regression test using the ack-then-exit interleaving from the reproducer. PR to follow.
@XinwangTao commented on GitHub (Oct 16, 2026):
The reproducer is convincing — the acknowledgement/exit interleaving is exactly the window where the token read races the process teardown, and the 100-case retry-always-cleans result confirms it is transient rather than a real ownership mismatch. A couple of directions that might make cleanupOwnedProcessGroup more robust without changing ownership policy: (1) when the environment reader finds no run token, first check whether the PID is already zombie/absent and treat that as an effectively-cleaned group instead of reporting a mismatch; (2) alternatively, treat a missing token as "recheck once after the child exit event" rather than an immediate failure, since the exit event is already joinable at that point. Would be good to also cover the delayed-exit range (e.g. 0.5–10ms) in the CI regression test to keep the race window pinned.
@Jackzigen commented on GitHub (Oct 16, 2026):
Thanks for the analysis — the delayed-exit range in the regression test is a good point, but race-pinning with real timing would be flaky in CI; the two deterministic regressions in this PR instead pin the interleaving itself: first snapshot lists PID 101, the fresh liveness table after the token phase no longer shows it. That fixes the race window without a sleep-based test.
The fix distinguishes absent-token reads (exit artifact, clearable by a fresh liveness table) from readable foreign tokens (never cleared). Ownership policy is unchanged.
PR incoming on branch
fix/ownership-mismatch-liveness-recheck— will link it here once opened (the GitHub API POST /pulls keeps 404-ing from my environment, so opening from the web compare view).@XinwangTao commented on GitHub (Oct 16, 2026):
Good call on the deterministic regressions — pinning the snapshot/liveness interleaving directly is much more robust than a sleep-based race-pin, which would just flake in CI. And keeping absent-token (clearable via the fresh liveness table) distinct from readable foreign tokens preserves the fail-closed behavior we need. Looking forward to the PR.
@morluto commented on GitHub (Oct 19, 2026):
49e67aa1d corrects the native lifetime boundary: ownership checks keep start identity, current parent/group relation, lifecycle, and token observations separate. A token disappearing while the native after-observation proves zombie/absence no longer becomes a live token mismatch; a live missing token and an unavailable identity still fail closed. Linux procfs ENOENT/ESRCH requires a corroborating signal-zero ESRCH before recording caller-namespace absence.
The four controlled Linux-host cases were run on macOS: zombie and absence clean without signaling; live missing-token and unreadable-identity cases remain failures. Actual Darwin helper compilation, owned-child cleanup, and public CLI/MCP capture controls passed. Static checks, docs checks, and discovery passed too.
Keeping this issue open: I have not rerun the original real-Linux 100-case reproduction, native Linux PID-reuse/exec timing, or Windows cleanup. The controlled host cases do not establish those runtime results.
@gensokyo-dev commented on GitHub (Oct 19, 2026):
Additional real Linux x86-64 evidence after
49e67aa1d(related to the native cleanup validation left open here): successful static-provider processes can still leave CLI/MCP reportingcleanup_incomplete.dc936f433and merged main3ea0d9489were built independently with Node 24.18.0 / npm 11.16.0, GNU objdump 2.40 on Debian Linux. No source changes or target execution were used.node scripts/rea.mjs inspect-with-objdump /usr/bin/true file_headers --json(nosymbol) was captured exiting 1 withcode: cleanup_incomplete. Retained native output reports exit 0, 151 stdout bytes, no stderr, and is byte-identical to independentobjdump -f /usr/bin/true. Parent reportsprocess identity could not be revalidated; merged main reports a live token read unavailable withenvironment_errno_EACCES=1.dc936f433also fails all 4 existing tests acrosstests/boundary/mcp/reverseEngineeringEnvironmentMcp.test.tsandreverseEngineeringProviderEnvironmentMcp.test.tswith provider cleanup failures. These tests use provider fixtures, not a real Rizin installation. Reproduce:npm run test:focused -- tests/boundary/mcp/reverseEngineeringEnvironmentMcp.test.ts tests/boundary/mcp/reverseEngineeringProviderEnvironmentMcp.test.ts.cleanup_incompleteafter native exit 0 and the correct 405-byte output; partial Evidence remained retained. This is not counted as successful post-merge provider verification.#5171's final head
a4e3aa6edwith main0fc8462behad 293 passing targeted tests (2 skipped) plus real CLI/MCP checks and fully green required CI. Main subsequently integrated49e67aa1d/dc936f433before the squash merge. The nine feature files are identical, and the parent reproduction above requires neither the feature nor its symbol option. This establishes an independent shared-cleanup problem; the precise native interleaving/root cause has not been localized, and these observations do not establish that every failure has the same cause as the original ARM64 reproducer.All probes ran sequentially under one CPU with a hard cap no higher than 8 GiB (2 GiB for public probes), no observed OOM kills. The cgroup observer verified the launched process families had exited; that OS-level check does not replace the application's incomplete ownership/resource-cleanup result. Failed runs and retained cleanup evidence were preserved. No permission/token check was weakened and no unrelated fix was added to #5171.
@XinwangTao commented on GitHub (Oct 20, 2026):
Thanks for the extra real-Linux evidence — it makes clear
49e67aafixed the token-mismatch path but not every cleanup_incomplete surface: a successful native exit with byte-identical output still leaking into cleanup_incomplete points at the shared cleanup path needing a separate look. The follow-ups referenced here (#5252 zombie sweeps, #5270 unresolved descendants, #5277 detached short-lived inferior) look like the right places to chase it — #5277 in particular matches the original ack-then-exit interleaving closely. It would be valuable to check whether the remaining real-Linux failures overlap with those fixes once they land.